The spatial organization and configuration of different urban elements (i.e., urban form) shape the Urban Ventilation Corridor (UVC), facilitating air pollution dispersion and reducing health hazards. However, few UVC evaluations consider the spatiotemporal variation of hyperlocal air pollutants and environmental justice simultaneously. In this research, we collect air pollution data through mobile monitoring in Glasgow, UK, and evaluate UVC through pollution distribution, Gini coefficients, and explainable machine learning models. The results show that UVC can not only effectively improve air quality but also mitigate inequality in air pollution exposure, particularly to large particles (PM 10 ). Moreover, deprived residents residing in areas with poor ventilation suffer higher levels of air pollution and greater exposure inequality (Gini of UVC: 0.431 vs. non-UVC: 0.368) than their affluent counterparts. Particularly, the top 20% of deprived areas account for 60.02% and 54.65% of air pollutants in UVC and non-UVC regions, respectively. From a planning perspective, encouraging smaller and fragmented buildings and vegetation patches could facilitate airflow and the formation of UVC. Meanwhile, 3D urban form shapes key characteristics of urban surface roughness and impacts UVC distribution and air pollution dispersion, both individually and interactively. This study provides essential support for the improved UVC formation, pollution mitigation, and environmental justice to achieve clean and just urban transitions for global cities. • Leverage both 2D and 3D urban form to characterize the Urban Ventilation Corridor (UVC). • Evaluate the effects of UVC through mobile monitoring of air quality data and Gini coefficients. • UVC could not only effectively improve air quality but also mitigate pollution exposure inequality. • 3D urban form shapes the formation of UVC and impacts air pollution dispersion both individually and interactively.

Smart data, defined as digital traces that people leave behind during their daily activities, has an underexplored potential to estimate intra-urban traffic emissions and their implications for environmental justice. Here, we incorporate fine-grained mobility flows from the App (Huq) into the Spatial Weight Matrix (SWM) to predict traffic CO 2 in Glasgow City, UK. The results demonstrate that models based on customized SWM with real mobility better predict traffic CO 2 than traditional distance-based models. According to model results, income and car ownership rates are dominant factors associated with traffic CO 2 . Noticeably, traffic CO 2 emissions are closely related to incoming mobility flows from neighborhoods with high income and car ownership rates. Moreover, the top 20% areas by income and car ownership account for 37.21% and 49.52% of total traffic CO 2 , respectively, indicating that disadvantaged groups bear the costs of emissions disproportionately generated by residents of wealthier areas. Finally, urban planners should not only consider reducing traffic emissions but also ensure that disadvantaged residents will not be affected by affluent communities to mitigate emission inequality. This study provides insightful solutions for urban planning policies to reduce traffic emissions and to reveal environmental injustices, thereby achieving just urban transitions in global cities. • Incorporating the fine-grained mobility flows from the mobile app could better predict intra-urban traffic CO 2 emissions • Income and car ownership rates are dominant factors associated with traffic CO 2 in Glasgow, UK • The top 20% of high income and high car ownership communities are responsible for 37.21% and 49.52% of total traffic CO 2 , respectively • Policy needs to ensure disadvantaged groups do not bear the costs of emissions generated by residents of wealthier areas

From roads to oceans: Pollution pathways of end-of-life tires in coastal and marine environments.

Comparative Online–offline measurement of airborne toxic VOCs for health risk and source identification in an environmental justice community

Unequal air quality benefits from EV adoption in California, the world’s EV leader

ABSTRACT This article analyses environmental justice from the perspective of youth engaged in international environmental negotiations (aged 16–35 in accordance with United Nations (UN) definitions). It complements existing research by building on comprehensive data: 141 interviews with youth participants, 63% female, 54% from the Global South, 44% firstcomers, in three different major negotiation arenas: the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Conferences of the Parties (COPs, COP 27 and 28), the 15th and 16th COPs of the Convention on Biological Diversity, and the 2023 High-Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development Goals. The study reveals the existence of a common framing of environmental justice across negotiation platforms, gender identities, geographical backgrounds, and levels of experience in international negotiations. We find that youth conceptualize environmental justice along distributive, recognition, and participatory dimensions. On distributive justice, inter-generational and intra-generational concerns both matter. On recognition, self-recognition is the greater challenge; on participatory dimensions, procedural justice, with barriers such as limited financial resources and restrictive observer status remains central to their claims. This confirms that youth are not merely protesters but proactive agents in global environmental governance, who advocate for greater inclusion in decision-making, recognition as political actors, and solidarity with other marginalized groups.

This article examines The Mark of Cassandra by Chingiz Aitmatov through the emerging framework of Blue Humanities. While most prior studies have approached Aitmatov’s ecological concerns from a land-based ecocritical perspective, this article shifts the focus to his engagement with oceanic themes and marine environments. By combining literary interpretation with ecological philosophy, the study suggests that The Mark of Cassandra goes beyond the limits of traditional environmental fiction. It presents the ocean not only as a setting but as a source of knowledge and ethical reflection. In this way, Aitmatov’s work seems to anticipate current global discussions on climate change, biodiversity loss, and environmental justice. The novel encourages readers to reconsider the human-centered worldview and adopt a more ecocentric approach. Through its marine symbolism and critical stance on human exploitation of nature, the text offers valuable insights into ecological ethics that cross both national and species boundaries. Overall, this article argues that The Mark of Cassandra is an important literary contribution that challenges the usual borders of ecocriticism and calls for a more integrated and holistic understanding of environmental issues.

This article reconstructs Islamic family law in response to the household-level consequences of global climate change, placing ecological resilience within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah (the higher objectives of Islamic law). It argues that the stability of the Muslim household (ṣulb al-usrah al-islāmiyyah) cannot be separated from the twin duties of istiʿmār al-arḍ (stewardship of the earth) and ḥifẓ al-bīʾah (protection of the environment). To develop that argument, the article draws together three analytical traditions: Jasser Auda’s maqāṣid al-sharīʿah Systems Theory, David Schlosberg’s Ecological Justice Theory, and Margaret Urban Walker’s Everyday Ethics Theory. The research is qualitative and descriptive, applying critical hermeneutics to classical works in uṣūl al-fiqh and fiqh al-usrah alongside contemporary scholarship on Islamic environmental ethics. The findings indicate that climate resilience within Islamic family law depends less on technological or economic adjustment than on the ethical resources already embedded in the sharīʿah value system. The novelty of the study lies in its repositioning of Islamic family law as a framework of micro-ethical governance, one that operationalizes ecological justice at the level of the home and connects classical juristic reasoning with the climate debates of the present.

Forest governance in Indonesia remains constructed within a state-centric paradigm that positions the state as the dominant actor, thereby systemically disregarding the existence of customary law communities and reducing ecological sustainability to mere normative legitimation. Against this backdrop, this research examines the role of Sasak customary law manifested through the awig-awig system and customary institutions in Batu Rakit Village, North Lombok as an alternative foundation for the governance of customary forests in pursuit of ecological justice. This research employs a qualitative normative-empirical method with a socio-legal approach, drawing on in-depth interviews, participant observation, and analysis of customary legal documents and local regulations to assess the interaction between formal norms and social practices. The findings indicate that Sasak customary law operates as a living law that effectively sustains ecological and social equilibrium, as reflected in prohibitions on exploitation within sacred areas (kemaliq), regulated and restrictive resource use, and the enforcement of customary sanctions endowed with strong socio-cultural legitimacy. This ecological wisdom embodies the community’s collective awareness of the interdependent relationship between humans and nature. Theoretically, this research draws on Roscoe Pound’s (1910) distinction between law in books and law in action to elucidate the disparity between formal, centralistic state law and the substantive practices of customary law. It concludes that integrating customary law into national forestry policy constitutes a structural necessity for achieving participatory, inclusive, and ecologically just governance

Author Correction: Environmental data justice is key for developing more effective area-based conservation approaches

Why do environmental interventions in the Global South that promise pollution reduction often end up shifting harm rather than solving it? This paper interrogates this paradox through a longitudinal case study of Bangladesh’s high-profile relocation of its leather industry from Hazaribagh to Savar. Framed as a model of sustainable urban reform, the relocation failed to deliver environmental improvement – reproducing pollution in a new location while disrupting long-standing social and production networks. Drawing on 37 interviews with tannery stakeholders, we combine political ecology with path dependence theory to understand how governance failures, elite capture, and institutional inertia undermined reform. We introduce the concept of ‘strategic praise’ to explain how state actors maintained legitimacy through symbolic narratives of success, despite ongoing failures on the ground. We also highlight how relocation entrenched spatial political inequality, cleansing urban Dhaka’s Hazaribagh at the expense of peri-urban Savar. The paper makes three contributions: first, it offers a rare longitudinal account of environmental policy failure in a lower-middle-income country; second, it advances theory by integrating political ecology with path dependence to explain how technocratic reforms falter when severed from their socio-political context (including revealing a new discursive mechanism of ‘strategic praise’ by authorities); and third, it identifies three conditions for more equitable and effective industrial relocation. By situating relocation within the relational and historical dynamics of weak states, the paper contributes to debates on urban environmental justice, symbolic governance, and sustainability transitions in the Global South.

ABSTRACT Drought is a recurrent hazard in Lake Naivasha Catchment Area, Kenya, a centre for commercial irrigated agriculture and horticulture. Drought affects smallholder farmers, pastoralists and larger-scale agricultural enterprises differentially. We gathered qualitative data through semi-structured individual and group interviews with representatives of all Water Resource User Associations in the area, focussing on drought impacts on various actors, and the strategies they undertook to alleviate drought effects. We used an original framework combining insights from equitable resilience and environmental justice literatures to understand how absorptive, adaptive and transformative resilience capacities are distributed among different groups. Historical processes of land alienation and promotion of commercial farming have reduced pastoralists’ and smallholders’ access to land and financial, social and political capital, and their involvement in water governance processes, which are dominated by large-scale commercial flower farms. Thus, smallholders and pastoralists are more vulnerable to drought and less able to enact drought resilience strategies, such as establishing water storage infrastructure and fencing off water access points. The study confirms the importance of analysing how historical processes influence contemporary drought resilience capacities. This approach enhances resilience analyses in an era of climate change, with broad implications for livelihoods and business.

The palm oil industry is a strategic sector in Indonesia's economic development, but its expansion has also given rise to various ecological and social problems, particularly related to gender inequality in labor relations and natural resource management. In public discourse, narratives of palm oil development often portray women as part of economic success, but at the same time their experiences and voices are often marginalized. This phenomenon shows a battle of discourse between the dominant economic development narrative and the social experiences of women in plantation communities. This study aims to analyze how the discourse on women in the palm oil industry is represented in digital media and how women in palm oil interpret and negotiate their experiences in the context of social and ecological sustainability. The study uses a qualitative approach with Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis method combined with an ecofeminist perspective. Primary data was obtained through the analysis of three YouTube documentary videos featuring the lives of female palm oil workers and in-depth interviews with 15 women in the Riau wetland area, namely Kampar, Bengkalis, and Siak. The results show that media representations shape an arena of discourse between the ideologies of industrial capitalism, liberal feminism, and critical ecofeminism. The media often depicts women as productive workers and symbols of resilience, but tends to obscure the structures of exploitation and ecological inequality in the palm oil industry. On the other hand, the experiences of women at the local level show the emergence of critical awareness and social practices that negotiate the relationship between gender, plantation economics, and environmental sustainability. These findings confirm that palm oil women are not only objects of development, but also actors who construct counter-narratives for social and ecological justice in the palm oil industry.

ABSTRACT In print and online news media, “eco-terrorism,” has been invoked to delegitimize nonviolent civil disobedience, obstruction, and symbolic sabotage. As the climate crisis intensifies, it is increasingly important to clearly identify different forms of environmental harm and activist resistance. The current study performs a discourse analysis of articles from print and online news sources published between 2020 and 2024 and cataloged in LexisUni (n = 204). The results show that claims of “eco-terrorism” are often voiced by government officials, editorialists, or individual citizens writing letters to the editor; however, compared to previous research on media mentions in the United States between 1999 and 2009, professional journalists seem to contextualize or qualify claims of eco-terrorism more often, using “scare quotes” to implicitly question its validity. While this may somewhat lessen its rhetorical heft, the “terrorist” label and related criminalization of environmental activists charged under terrorism laws remain severe. Therefore, the persistent, uncritical usage of “eco-terrorism” and its continued conflation with “environmental terrorism” risks undermining democratic deliberation and public understanding of climate resistance. This research contributes to ongoing debates on media ethics and environmental justice while seeking a deeper understanding of the moral and scientific imperatives that motivate climate discourse.

ABSTRACT As climate crises become more severe, higher education institutions face unprecedented challenges in protecting and supporting their students. This conceptual paper explores the intersection of equity and resilience in higher education, emphasizing how structural inequities increase climate-related vulnerabilities among marginalized student groups, especially low-income, first-generation, and BIPOC students. Using the Social Ecological Model and the Whole Community Approach, this paper suggests that climate resilience in higher education must go beyond traditional emergency management to include multilevel, equity-focused, and community-driven strategies. These strategies should integrate institutional planning with cross-sector partnerships and student-centered support to improve preparedness, response, and recovery. This analysis highlights the importance of incorporating environmental justice, public health principles, and system-level collaboration into campus resilience planning to ensure fair outcomes and protect student success and well-being amid climate-related challenges.

This study analyzes the social metabolism and ecological externalities of the palm oil agribusiness in the Colombian Caribbean between 2016 and 2022, using the MEFA (Material and Energy Flow Analysis) approach. Results show an uneven metabolic pattern characterized by water overexploitation (1,580 m³/ha annually, 42% above recharge capacity), soil degradation (0.91% annual organic matter loss), and low waste circularity (13.4% recovered). These dynamics generate socio-environmental conflicts (1.89 cases/1,000 ha) and precarious employment (71% of workers are informal). Energy efficiency (EROI 2.4:1) remains below sustainable thresholds (5:1), indicating a model of "unsustainable efficiency." The methodology integrates quantitative methods (MEFA, GIS, dynamic modeling) and qualitative methods (interviews, workshops). Five policy pillars for metabolic transition are proposed: integrated water management, soil conservation banks, circular technology parks, certification reform, and participatory observatories. The study concludes with the need for sectoral policies grounded in biophysical limits and environmental justice.

ABSTRACT India's government has recently begun promoting ‘agroecological' agriculture through the National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF). While NMNF is framed as a strategy to improve farmer incomes, health and nutrition, and environmental sustainability, little research has examined its justice implications. Drawing on qualitative and ethnographic research from two districts in eastern Madhya Pradesh, this paper analyzes NMNF through an environmental justice lens. We argue that promoting natural farming without material support risks moralizing farmers’ practices and producing new inequities. In our field sites, these dynamics further marginalize land-poor households. We conclude structural agrarian transformation is required for just agroecological transitions.

ABSTRACT Despite calls for an ecological turn in intercultural communication, critical scholarship on the anthropocentric climate crisis remains limited, particularly from Global South and Indigenous perspectives. Addressing this gap, this study analyzes environmental justice activism through frameworks that interrogate catastrophe colonialism and impacts of imperialist occupation and extractive capitalism. Focusing on Indigenous and Global South activist demonstrations at COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, the study theorizes Indigenous embodied activisms and employs a decolonized critical discourse analysis to investigate how activists contest silencing and negotiate exclusion within global climate governance. Analysis foregrounds Indigenous and Global South resistance in spaces that routinely displace and erase their voices.

Abstract Ecofeminist literary criticism, as an interdisciplinary theoretical framework, addresses the intertwined oppression of women and nature, seeking to deconstruct the underlying social, cultural, and economic structures that perpetuate this dual marginalization. This study aims to fill a significant knowledge gap by examining the integration of ecofeminist principles within the literary works of Geling Yan, a Chinese-American author who writes in Chinese and navigates multicultural narratives. Against the backdrop of ecofeminist discourse in China, which has developed unique characteristics through its fusion with Chinese culture, this research explores Yan’s portrayal of female characters and their relationship with the natural world, offering an ecofeminist perspective. Through close textual analysis, the study investigates how Yan’s narratives contribute to the ecofeminist literary tradition and the broader cultural conversation on gender and environmental justice. The research explores how Geling Yan’s literature reflect and challenge the intersections of gender and environmental oppression through an ecofeminist lens. The methodology employed involves a detailed textual analysis of Yan’s works, focusing on the representation of female characters, the depiction of nature, and the interplay between ecological and feminist themes. Key findings reveal that Yan’s literature not only breathes life into complex female characters but also fosters a nuanced understanding of ecological and feminist ideologies. Her writing advocates for an ecological society characterized by harmony between humans and nature, as well as between genders, challenging traditional power structures and advocating for a more equitable world. In conclusion, this study underscores Geling Yan’s significant contributions to ecofeminist literature and her potential to inspire ecological and gender consciousness. The implications of this work suggest that Geling Yan’s literary works provide textual foundations for reshaping ecofeminist discourse while advancing a vision of a balanced, equitable, and sustainable world.

ABSTRACT The global extractive mining industry has undergone significant expansion over recent decades, triggering severe ecological and social impacts that threaten vulnerable communities. Amid these challenges, environmental non‐governmental organizations (ENGOs) play an increasingly vital role in advocating for equitable and sustainable mining governance. However, existing research on ENGO advocacy remains fragmented across disciplines, necessitating a systematic review to identify patterns of strategies, constraints, and outcomes of NGO activism in diverse mining regions globally. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA 2020 protocol, with searches in Scopus and Web of Science yielding 143 articles, screened and resulting in 39 publications meeting the inclusion criteria (published ≥2015, English language, focused on environmental NGOs in mining). The reviewed articles were predominantly qualitative (30; 77%), with quantitative (4; 10%) and mixed methods (5; 13%) approaches comprising the remainder. Articles were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and analyzed thematically using NVivo 14. The findings identify six key advocacy strategies emphasizing digital campaigns and community collaboration, reflecting a transformation toward hybrid environmental activism. Simultaneously, NGOs confront persistent structural barriers operating across macro, meso, and micro levels, including state repression, corporate dominance, and community co‐optation. Nevertheless, advocacy efforts have produced five significant achievements: governance reform, community empowerment, regulatory change, socio‐ecological impacts, and enhanced public accountability. Community empowerment emerges as the most prominent impact, underscoring that affected communities exercise autonomous collective agency amplified—rather than created—by NGO intervention. This study proposes a hybrid environmental activism framework grounded in environmental justice principles that integrates social movement theory with environmental governance perspectives, and recommends further research on gender dimensions, intergenerational justice, and socio‐ecological resilience in mining contexts. This systematic review synthesizes global evidence on environmental NGO advocacy in mining regions, revealing hybrid activism that merges digital campaigns, legal strategies, and community collaboration. Despite multilayered structural barriers, such advocacy advances governance reform, community empowerment, and transparency through a hybrid framework.