Introduction: this study aims to design and develop digital job sheet-based learning media to improve the quality of learning in Software Engineering courses at universities.Methods: the study uses a Research and Development (R&D) design with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The media developed integrates Flip PDF, YouTube, Google Sheets, and Quizizz. Validity testing was conducted by experts in subject matter, media, and language; practicality testing involved lecturers and students; while effectiveness testing used a single-group pretest-posttest design with paired t-test analysis and N-Gain.Results: the validation results showed an average of 85,68 % with a category of highly valid. Practicality obtained 86,33 % (lecturers) and 84,05 % (students), indicating that the media is very practical. Effectiveness analysis showed a significant increase in student learning outcomes (p < 0,05) with a moderate N-Gain score (0,46).Conclusions: this study provides empirical evidence that the integration of digital job sheets with multimedia elements supports the principles of constructivist learning and increases interactivity and learning outcomes. The developed media can be a reference for smart learning inovation in the future.

Unlocking entrepreneurs' potential: role of digital media self-efficacy and digital media familiarity on the continuous use of social media

The development of digital technology had reached the millennial generation, who were actively engaged online, although they remained vulnerable to provocative narratives, especially those related to religion-based identity politics. However, digital media also served as a positive platform, as seen in Login Season 2 Episode 30, which presented interfaith dialogue in a relaxed and communicative manner. This study examined how the millennial generation received the message of religious tolerance in the video, using Stuart Hall’s Encoding-Decoding Theory and a qualitative method through reception analysis. The results showed that most millennials were in the Dominant Hegemonic position, accepting the message of tolerance conveyed, although some were in the Negotiated position, believing that the content did not fully reflect the current social reality. The content proved to be acceptable to millennials because it was delivered in a way that aligned with their characteristics.

This research aims to analyze the relationship between brand image and visiting decisions, digital marketing and visiting decisions, and brand image with digital marketing. This research method is quantitative through surveys, research data was obtained by distributing online questionnaires to 489 tourism industry managers who were selected using a simple random sampling method, and the online questionnaire was designed using statement items with a Likert scale of 1 to 7. Data analysis used a structural equation model based on covariance (CB-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0 software to analyze research data. The independent variables are brand image and digital marketing, and the dependent variable is the decision to visit. The stages of data analysis are validity testing, reliability testing, model suitability testing and significance testing of hypothesis testing. The results of this research are that brand image has a positive and significant relationship with the decision to visit, digital marketing has a positive and significant relationship with the decision to visit, and brand image has a positive and significant relationship with digital marketing. Based on the results of this research, several suggestions can be made that tourism must explore the potential of various digital marketing channels. From the results of this research, the channel with the lowest contribution is the presence on social media which is still very minimal and the quality of the newsletter is less attractive. The researcher's next suggestion is to take advantage of the marketing potential of social media. Tourism does not only rely on guest recommendations to get the next guests but must be more active in various marketing efforts, especially digital marketing because the enormous potential in disseminating information about tourism's unique selling points through digital media is unlimited.

Application of Digital Image Media Technology in Film Animation

Digital role-playing games (DRPGs) hold strong potential for enhancing motivation and conceptual understanding in science education, yet their application in biology particularly plant growth and development remains underexplored, especially in relation to cognitive load management. The objective of the study are evaluate the vadility and practicality of media Bio-Garden Space, thus examine effect to students’ conceptual understanding and cognitive load. The research employed the Multimedia-Based Instructional Design model developed by Lee and Owens, which consisted of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The evaluation was carried out through a quasi-experimental method, with validation involving experts in content, media, and practitioners, and effectiveness testing conducted by comparing an experimental group using the DRPG and a control group with conventional instruction. The results indicated that Bio-Garden Space was categorized as “very valid” in terms of content, design, and visual presentation, and “very practical” in small-group implementation. Students who learned with the DRPG achieved significantly higher learning outcomes compared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group experienced significantly lower mental effort and extraneous cognitive load, while intrinsic cognitive load remained comparable across groups. These findings suggested that the integration of interactive real-time plant growth simulations and dynamic decision-making tasks enhanced students’ conceptual understanding and enabled more efficient allocation of cognitive resources by reducing unnecessary processing. It was concluded that Bio-Garden Space is a valid, practical, and effective digital learning medium for teaching plant growth and development, providing strong pedagogical value and implications for broader implementation in science education.

Introduction: this research focuses on the development and initial evaluation of the VR-Edupanc application, a Virtual Reality-Assisted Digital Game-Based Learning learning medium to support the understanding of Pancasila values ​​in elementary school students. This application was developed as a solution to overcome the still abstract and less interesting learning in Pancasila Education. Methods: this research uses the Research and Development method by adapting the Dick and Carey learning design model which is limited to the formative evaluation stage. The research process includes product design, expert validation, and limited trials on students. Validation was carried out by two material experts, two media experts, and one linguist using a Likert scale instrument, while the user response test involved nine fifth-grade students through a small group evaluation. Results: the results showed that the VR-Edupanc application was categorized as very feasible, with an average validation score of 90.6 % from material experts, 89.3 % from media experts, and 85.3 % from linguists. Student responses also showed a very feasible category with an average score of 90.1 %, especially in the aspect of increasing student motivation, engagement, and understanding in Pancasila learning. Thus, the VR-Edupanc application has been declared to meet the eligibility criteria as an interactive learning medium that provides an immersive learning experience. Conclusions: however, this research is still limited to the formative evaluation stage, so further research is needed to test its practicality and effectiveness on a broader scale.

A path for transforming esports into a health and performance domain.

In the era of hybrid and cognitive warfare, the national security of states is profoundly influenced by narrative construction, psychological operations, and the management of public perception. Despite utilizing media capacities during the Sacred Defense and regional crises, the Islamic Republic of Iran lacks an institutionalized and indigenous model for combat information dissemination—one that can play a deterrent and coordinating role in confronting perceptual threats and misinformation. This study, aiming to design and explain a conceptual model for combat information dissemination, examines the media mechanisms effective in enhancing defensive soft power, psychological resilience, and legitimization of military actions within the framework of the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main research question is: What components, conditions, and consequences does the optimal model of combat information dissemination for cognitive deterrence and strengthening national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran include? The research method is qualitative, based on grounded theory, and relies on the analysis of data collected from 34 semi-structured interviews with media experts, military commanders, and security analysts using MaxQDA software. The findings indicate that effective combat information dissemination depends on six key components: real-time information management, strategic narrative construction, on-the-ground presence of military journalists, pre-emptive psychological operations, intelligent utilization of digital media, and institutional coordination between media and military organizations. Moreover, causal, contextual, and intervening conditions influencing this model, along with its strategies and consequences, were identified, and the final conceptual model was designed. Implementation of this model can lead to the reinforcement of cognitive deterrence, preservation of the psychological cohesion of forces, counteraction against enemy psychological operations, and enhancement of media–military synergy during crises.

This study explores the evolving relationship between religion, governance, and digital communication in Indonesia, focusing on how public trust is constructed within a complex and pluralistic religious landscape. Drawing on Public Trust Theory as the primary analytical lens, the research investigates how perceptions of government fairness, procedural legitimacy, transparency, and representational inclusivity influence citizens’ trust in state institutions, particularly regarding religious policy. Through a mixed-methods design combining quantitative survey data with qualitative narrative responses, the study examines Indonesians’ evaluations of the state’s role in managing religious affairs and the broader impact of digital media on shaping public perceptions. Findings suggest that fairness and consistency in governance remain the most significant determinants of trust, while social media functions as both an informative bridge and a disruptive force, capable of amplifying inclusivity as well as polarization. The study contributes to interdisciplinary discussions on religious pluralism, political legitimacy, and communication practices, offering insights for policymakers, religious leaders, and communication strategists seeking to strengthen institutional transparency, inclusivity, and trust in Indonesia’s diverse socio-political environment.

This study explores how corruption discourse is constructed in the Meet Nite Live talk show broadcasted on Metro TV’s YouTube channel, using Rodney H. Jones’ Digital Discourse Analysis approach. One episode was analyzed through four key elements: text, context, action and interaction, as well as ideology and power. The findings reveal that satire, through irony, humor, and parody, serves as a strategic method to deliver sharp yet engaging political criticism. In the context of digital media, audiences actively respond via comments—expressing support, frustration, or critical reflection. The show also constructs a narrative that normalizes corruption as a systemic issue, while still inviting public awareness through creative and participatory communication strategies.

Many studies have focused on the academic adaptation of Chinese international students studying in Western countries. However, the academic adaptation of these students in Malaysia has received little attention. This paper aims to analyze the challenges faced by Chinese undergraduates in Malaysia and propose key strategies from the perspective of social and digital media support. The research employed qualitative methodologies, comprising eight focus group discussions with 40 Chinese undergraduates from four public and four private Malaysian universities, as well as interviews with six international officials from these institutions. The study revealed that Chinese undergraduates encountered a range of academic challenges, including language barriers, diverse pedagogical approaches, and issues with academic collaboration. These findings have implications for Chinese undergraduates in developing effective strategies to address academic challenges, as well as for higher education institutions and university administrators in Malaysia to increase academic support and services for international students.

This study aims to propose practical directions for sculpture education in the digital age by qualitatively analyzing high school students’ creative experiences with clay modeling and digital 3D modeling programs. The analysis revealed that clay modeling stimulated students’ sensory perception through tactile engagement and direct interaction with physical materials, fostering creativity and immersion throughout the sculptural process. In contrast, 3D modeling provided opportunities for exploratory and experimental creation through immediate feedback in a virtual space. However, it was confirmed that the sensory experience was significantly lacking due to indirect manipulation mediated by a two-dimensional screen. Based on these findings, this study proposes the following directions for sculpture education in the digital age: a balanced sensory experience encompassing both physical and digital media; instructional designs to explore the possibilities and limitations of each medium; and the creation of sustainable learning environments supported by enhanced teacher competencies. This research is significant in that it reexamines the fundamental value of sculpture education amid rapid technological advancement and suggests a direction for art education that can expand learners’ sensory experiences and creative expression through formative practices that traverse traditional and digital media in the context of digital transformation.

This study examines the profound transformations in religious authority that have accompanied the rise of digital Islām among urban Muslim families in Indonesia. It analyzes how media-based religious content disseminated through digital platforms such as YouTube and social media restructures the spiritual guidance role traditionally centred within parents. Theoretically, the study is grounded in Stig Hjarvard’s theory of mediatisation and Michel Foucault’s knowledge/power framework. The digital interactions that young Indonesian Muslims establish with charismatic figures such as Hanan Attaki, Abdul Somad, and Salāfi YouTube preachers lead to a redefinition of religious legitimacy and intra-family authority. The research draws attention to two core dynamics: First, digital platforms decentralize authority by enabling youth to access alternative religious knowledge. Second, young people form peer-based spiritual communities in digital spaces, thereby relocating religious learning outside of institutional frameworks. Families do not remain passive in the face of this transformation; at times, they integrate digital preachers into domestic religious discourses, while at other times they resist such influences. The Pemuda Hijrah movement (Hijrāh Youth) movement, founded by Hanan Attaki, presents a model that blends religious preaching with urban youth subcultures. His sincere and non-hierarchical style particularly resonates with the youth, while also raising various concerns among parents and religious institutions. On the other hand, figures such as Abdul Somad and Salāfi preachers (e.g., Khalid Basalamah), with their more traditional and textual approaches, either foster unity within families or generate ideological conflicts. This study reveals that digital Islām does not merely weaken traditional authority; it transforms it. Religious authority has become a dialogical structure negotiated through emotional and aesthetic preferences. Discussions about Islāmic practices within families are often shaped by references to digital content, thereby shifting the centre of power in knowledge production. In Foucault’s conceptualization, parents’ epistemic control over knowledge transitions to digital environments. Furthermore, digital media functions not merely as a carrier of information, but as an environment in which moral discipline and religious identity are shaped. Platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, Telegram, and WhatsApp not only convey religious knowledge but also determine how that knowledge is to be presented, felt, and internalized. In this context, digital media operates on three levels: as a channel that disseminates religious content, as a language that reproduces religious meanings in visual and emotional forms, and as an environment that creates a shared atmosphere for collective religious experience. On these platforms, sermons, short clips, and quotes from the Qur’ān and Hadīth are presented adorned with visual effects and elements of popular culture. This process of aestheticization separates religiosity from traditional rituals and transforms it into a part of individual identity. In conclusion, digital religiosity does not eliminate spiritual guidance within the family; it reshapes it. Families continue their religious lives through negotiation, balancing tradition with digital innovation. In this regard, the study makes a significant contribution to understand how digital media transforms Islāmic authority and intergenerational relationships, illuminating the restructured aspects of contemporary Muslim life.

This study aims to analyze the management of news broadcasting programs at Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Purwokerto in delivering information to the public. Using a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. The findings reveal that program management involves theme planning, guest selection, rundown preparation, and presenting news in various formats, such as interactive dialogues, field reports, and talk shows. RRI Purwokerto faces several challenges, including limited human resources and competition from digital media, yet addresses these issues by optimizing digital platforms and improving staff competency. More specifically, the study reveals that the implementation of program management directly contributes to enhancing the quality of public information delivery, making it more factual and easier for audiences to understand.

Purpose: This article focuses on the transformation from democratic discontent to modern digital dissent as seen in the 2025 uprising led by youth in Nepal, culminating with the election of an interim Prime Minister on Discord as an early example of media activism, and beginning the process of transitioning toward a technocratic order from an actual change through mass protests. The investigation also covered the #ENDSARS protest in Nigeria in 2020 to understand why it failed to achieve the same success enjoyed by the Nepal protests despite both being orchestrated using digital media applications. Methods: A systems comparative case study design was employed to investigate the phenomenon of youth-driven digital disruption in Nepal and Nigeria. This research combines academic sources with proof from global news, policy papers, and studies of digital media about hashtag campaigns and memes on platforms like Discord, TikTok, and X. Findings: The findings attribute Nepal's success to a few things: anti-corruption issues coming together, smart Discord use for command, and an unstable political leadership. On the other hand, even with its digital strength, the #EndSARS movement in Nigeria suffered. Several factors explain the lack of stronger action, most importantly the absence of a clear plan after the protests and the disruption of the protests because of ethnic, sectarian, and religious divisions. Originality: This paper provides a novel comparative framework by juxtaposing Nepal’s successful 2025 ’digital coup’ against Nigeria’s arrested #EndSARS movement to isolate the specific political opportunity structures required for digital dissent to produce tangible change.

Nigeria is a multi-religious country whose multi-religious make up has been crossed over with ethnic, political, and socio-economic tensions resulting in most occasions conflict. These narratives in the media and popular conversation have occasionally articulated religion as a source of division disregarding its communicative capacity to build peace. This paper addresses the concept of interfaith initiatives as a way of building peace in Nigeria using the strategies of public relations and peace communication. It evaluates the application of strategic communication by religious actors to promote dialogue, trust and social cohesion by a multi-religious society. The study will be based on a qualitative research design, in which the content analysis of documents on interfaith programs, public communiques, media information, policy documents, and online resources will be conducted regarding the interreligious engagement in Nigeria. The patterns of communication, stakeholder participation, and message framing in the chosen interfaith initiatives are explored on the basis of a case-based approach. The findings found that interfaith initiatives employ basic PR practices of dialogic communication, management of stakeholder relationships, strategic message formulation, and media involvement to then foster harmonious living. These measures can be used to combat misinformation, diminish the effect of religious stereotyping, and communicate the importance of common values of unity and tolerance in both the traditional and digital media. The research drawing comes to the conclusion that the effectiveness of interfaith initiatives in Nigeria is determined by the role of PR and peace communication. Religious communication carefully utilized can make religion a source of tension to one that will bring sustainable peace and social integration in multi-religious societies.

This study examines the relationship between health literacy and health information seeking behavior in late adolescent students at Surabaya State University through a cross-sectional study. Health literacy is defined as an individual's ability to acquire, understand, evaluate, and use health information for informed decision-making. A total of 229 students aged 17-19 years were respondents who were voluntarily taken using the HSL-EU-16 questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of respondents had a sufficient level of health literacy with an average score of 14.08, where women had a slightly higher score than men. Health information search behavior was dominated by the use of online media (95.6%) and social media (99.1%), with the frequency of searches more than twice a week for most respondents (67.7%). The analysis showed a significant relationship between health literacy and the type of information search media and social media use, but not with gender, ownership of health applications on smartphones, and frequency of online searches. These findings underscore the importance of using digital media as the main means of increasing health literacy among students to support appropriate health decision-making and healthy lifestyles. Recommendations are given for the development of health literacy-based education programs and applications that are adaptive to the needs of the younger generation.

This research explores the intellectual landscape and dynamic themes of consumer engagement with experiential marketing by undertaking a bibliometric analysis. The research, which has spanned more than two decades of research literature on Scopus, has identified the emerging trends, themes, and influential research works, thus presenting a broad picture of this area of research focus. The research results make it clear that there is an increasingly important role of immersive technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR), social media, and other related elements that help intensify consumer engagement practices. The research work proposes a decision-making model regarding customer engagement strategy and delves into the interdisciplinary aspects of this research area, which encompasses psychology, digital media, and marketing strategy. The research work, while presenting its findings, also brings into focus the scattered nature of research work and the need to further investigate new trends and cross-discipline perspectives related to the global scenario of consumer engagement research.

This study aims to provide an in-depth description of the implementation of Canva-based digital learning media and its influence on students’ learning motivation at SMP Al-Hikam Burneh Bangkalan. The study is grounded in the issue of low student motivation, which is often associated with the predominance of conventional teaching methods and limited use of digital media in the pesantren school environment. Employing a qualitative approach through observation, interviews, and documentation, the research explores how Canva is integrated into classroom learning and how it affects students’ behavioral and motivational responses. The findings reveal that Canva significantly enhances students’ attention, active participation, and conceptual understanding through visually engaging and interactive learning materials. Although students are prohibited from using personal digital devices due to pesantren regulations, the use of Canva via a projector remains effective and adheres to institutional guidelines. Moreover, Canva helps teachers present abstract and complex concepts in clearer and more accessible visual formats. Overall, all participating classes demonstrated substantial improvement in learning motivation, with more than 80% of students categorized as having high motivation. These findings indicate that Canva is an innovative, adaptive, and highly relevant learning medium capable of improving instructional quality and supporting the learning needs of 21st-century students within the unique context of pesantren-based education.