Bilateral hip arthroscopy (HA) for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) has demonstrated favorable short-term outcomes. However, the long-term results remain unclear and warrant further investigation. To compare 10-year patient-reported outcomes (PROs), clinically significant outcomes (CSOs), and reoperation-free survivorship between bilateral and unilateral HA. It was hypothesized that both groups would demonstrate comparable PROs, CSO achievement, and survivorship. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. A prospective repository was retrospectively reviewed to identify patients undergoing bilateral HA for FAIS between January 2012 and January 2015 with 10-year follow-up. Patients were propensity-matched 1:1 to unilateral HA patients controlling for age, sex, body mass index, and Tönnis grade. Exclusions included revision HA, concomitant procedures, congenital hip disorders, non-FAIS pathologies, staged periacetabular osteotomy, Tönnis grade >1, and missing 10-year follow-up. Hip Outcome Score (HOS) subscale for Activities of Daily Living and the HOS Sports Subscale (HOS-SS), International Hip Outcome Tool, modified Harris Hip Score, and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain/satisfaction were collected. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and reoperation-free survivorship were compared. Improvements from baseline to 10 years were correlated between hips. Analysis of variance evaluated differences based on bilateral HA timing. A total of 80 hips in 40 patients with bilateral HA were matched to 80 hips in 80 patients with unilateral HA. Mean follow-up was 10.4 ± 0.6 years. PROs at all time points were comparable. MCID and PASS achievement rates were similar between groups. Reoperation-free survivorship was comparable (P = .70). Change in index hip scores positively correlated with contralateral hip changes. A 0- to 3-month interval demonstrated superior preoperative HOS-SS compared with 6 to 12 months, whereas a 3- to 6-month interval demonstrated superior 10-year VAS-Pain score compared with 0 to 3 months. Bilateral HA achieved long-term outcomes and reoperation-free survivorship comparable to those of unilateral HA. Index and contralateral hip outcomes were positively correlated. Shorter intervals between procedures were associated with better preoperative function, whereas intermediate intervals were associated with lower long-term pain, but finding this requires further investigation with larger sample sizes.

Cutting-edge dual process health behavior theories propose micro-temporal within-person processes to be critical drivers of physical activity participation. Self-efficacy is the pivotal motivation-oriented correlate of physical activity, a key component across the most prominent health behavior change theories, and has predominantly been researched as stable interpersonal 'trait' factor. However, the micro-temporal within-person 'state' perspective on self-efficacy remains uncharted. To tackle this research gap, we conducted a scoping review and examined (1) time-sensitive (i.e., assessment time span) and (2) theory-conform operationalization of self-efficacy measures as well as (3) within-person variance reports from ecological momentary assessment studies in the physical activity context among healthy adults. A scoping review of English articles using PsycINFO, PsycArticles, PSYNDEX, SPORTDiscus and PubMed was conducted up to September 2025. Eligible studies focused on (1) physical activity in (2) healthy adults aged + 18 years and (3) applied multiple within-day, daily or weekly assessments of self-efficacy. Findings were summarized through quantitative analysis of the evidence. A total of 13 studies was included. Most studies assessed self-efficacy through multiple assessments per day and with a focus on the near future (i.e., next few hours post ecological momentary assessment). The 13 identified self-efficacy items were operationalized according to self-efficacy theory, but varied in semantics, psychometrics, and source. Five studies reported intraclass correlation coefficients that revealed self-efficacy within-person variance to range between 51% and 89%. Given the pivotal role of self-efficacy across various health-behavior theories and the recent relevance attributed to micro-temporal within-subject processes, thus far surprisingly few studies researched how self-efficacy unfolds within-persons across time. However, the few studies identified provide initial evidence that self-efficacy varies within individuals across time in everyday life, including a tendency towards higher within-person variance for momentary versus day level assessments, and thereby empirically supporting dual process models. Items were assessed dynamically using repeated measures per day and according to theory but differed in conceptual and semantic features. Future research is encouraged to further investigate how self-efficacy unfolds across time, by testing various sampling strategies and applying advanced designs to shed light on the precise timing of effects and to inform adaptive and expedient intervention development.

Introduction: Research in Parkinson’s rehabilitation suggests that combining music and movement can improve both motor and non-motor symptoms for people with Parkinson's (PwP). Using an inclusive, participatory medicine approach, we co-developed a 12-week group intervention (Songlines for Parkinson’s) offering a toolbox of music-based strategies to support symptom management and everyday functioning (Rose et al., 2025). Methods: We used a repeated-measures, concurrent mixed-methods design across trials in the UK and Switzerland (N = 42). Data included kinematic measures, standardized questionnaires, and qualitative interviews. To overcome the limitations of conventional clinical assessments, which often do not capture functional mobility, we developed a new methodology—the Functional Mobility Assessment for Parkinson’s (FMA-P)—integrating motion capture and pressure-sensitive gait analysis (Köchli et al., 2025). Additional tests and questionnaires assessed Parkinson’s disease symptoms, perceived quality of life, imagery ability, musical engagement, and reward. Interviews explored participants’ motivation, use of music, engagement with intervention tasks, and continued use of music-based strategies post-intervention. Results: Functional mobility increased across several parameters (p < .05), motor impairment decreased (p = .006), and participants learned to apply motor and musical imagery in their daily lives (p < .001 for both). While qualitative data indicated perceived improvements in quality of life, these were not confirmed by standardized measures (p > .05). Music served as a vehicle for change, with participants identifying the most effective aspects of the intervention as: (a) the ease of integrating music-based rehabilitation into their daily lives, (b) the ability to choose their own music, which fostered a sense of agency, (c) the group setting, which promoted a sense of community, and (d) learning to use imagery, providing easily accessible internalized cues that improved both motor and non-motor symptoms. Discussion/Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that Songlines for Parkinson’s enhances functional mobility and symptom management while fostering agency, connection, and self-efficacy for personalizing rehabilitation strategies among participants. The FMA-P offers a promising new framework for evaluating functional mobility in PwP that corroborates qualitative findings and may help bridge the gap between clinical metrics and lived experience.

This study aims to evaluate the planning, implementation, and assessment of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at 193 Barru State Elementary School. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to gain an in-depth and contextual understanding of PAI learning practices that take place in schools. Data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing using source and method triangulation techniques. The results of the study show that the PAI learning plan has been prepared according to the curriculum and meets administrative completeness, but it is still normative and less innovative and not fully oriented to students. The implementation of learning is conducive and religious, but it is still dominated by a teacher-centered approach with limited variations in learning methods and media. Meanwhile, PAI learning assessments tend to focus on cognitive aspects, while affective and psychomotor assessments have not been carried out systematically and measurably. This research emphasizes the importance of developing more creative, participatory, and holistic PAI learning in order to be able to form students who have faith, noble character, and are able to practice Islamic teachings in daily life.

Introduction & Purpose: For persons with a spinal cord injury (SCI), mobility and an active lifestyle are very important to maintain an independent and healthy life. A recent study showed that only 54% of the Swiss population with SCI meet the starting level indicated in the SCI-specific guidelines on aerobic activity (≥2 x 20 mins/week of moderate to vigorous activity) and only 36% those for strength training (≥3 sets twice a week) (de Vries et al., 2024; Martin Ginis et al., 2018). Daily wheelchair mobility is also a form of physical activity which can support a healthy lifestyle, but comprehensive data on the extent of mobility in this population is missing. The aim of this study is to describe wheelchair mobility in manual wheelchair users with SCI living in Switzerland and to evaluate determinants of between-person variation in wheelchair mobility. Methods: One inertial measurement unit was placed on the wheel of manual wheelchair users and collected data for seven consecutive days. The following variables were derived from the real-life measurements to describe wheelchair mobility: distance covered, number of pushes and turns (>30°), and number of bouts of mobility (defined as duration ≥5 seconds and speed ≥0.12 m/s) with the according distance (de Vries et al., 2023). Logistic regression analyses will be used to identify determinants of between-persons variability in wheelchair mobility. Confounders for wheelchair mobility include sex, age, lesion severity, shoulder pain and independence in daily life. Results: 45 manual wheelchair users participated: 7 women, 38 men, 39 persons with paraplegia and 6 with tetraplegia, with a mean age of 56 ± 12 years and 26 ± 16 years since injury. Preliminary results show that mean active propulsion time per day over all participants was 56 ± 32 minutes. On average, participants covered 4949 ± 8150 meters per day, corresponding to 2030 ± 1298 pushes and 929 ± 441 turns per day. Daily distance covered was highly variable, ranging from 329 to 51831 m (performed with an attach-unit handbike). In general, participants performed 199 ± 83 bouts of mobility per day with an average distance per bout of 27 ± 51 m. Determinants of between-person mobility are still under evaluation. Discussion/Conclusion: Even though many manual wheelchair users indicate to not engage in a specific aerobic training of 2 x 20 min of moderate to vigorous activity per week, they are actively propelling their wheelchair for 56 min daily, which also counts as aerobic activity. However, compared to a subgroup of able-bodied persons older than 52 years living in Switzerland, who were engaged in 188 min of light to vigorous activities per day, daily propulsion time in manual wheelchair users is rather low (Aebi et al., 2020). Our results also showed that wheelchair mobility and activity have a high interindividual variability within the studied group. The planned analysis of determinants of this variability may indicate which individuals are the least active and could profit most from targeted interventions and efforts to remove barriers for daily mobility.

The digitalization of modern society has introduced complex sociological challenges for children and adolescents by altering the structure of their daily lives and social interactions, say researchers of a new study published in Nature . These changes often result in increased sedentary behavior and disrupted routines, creating barriers to maintaining optimal mental health, according to the study, “Excessive screen time is associated with mental health problems in US children and adolescents: physical activity and sleep as parallel mediators.” This study explored the relationships between screen time and child and adolescent mental health problems, including anxiety, depression, behavior or conduct problems and ADHD. Additionally, it examined whether physical activity, sleep duration and bedtime regularity mediate these relationships. Researchers analyzed data from 50,231 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years from the United States National Survey of Children's Health 2020‐2021. The analysis utilized exact natural effect and structural equation modeling to investigate the mediating effects, researchers indicated. Regarding daily screen time, more than four hours was associated with higher risks of anxiety, depression, behavior or conduct problems and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Physical activity was the strongest mediator, accounting for 30.9% to 38.9% of the association, followed by irregular bedtime (18.4% to 23.9%) and short sleep duration (4.16% to 7.24%). Researchers found that prolonged screen time is associated with poorer mental health through the mediation of physical activity, bedtime regularity and short sleep duration. Interventions should address these behavioral shifts by prioritizing physical activity and regular sleep routines to effectively mitigate mental health problems among young people, they suggested.

This article conceptualizes a Haitian feminist praxis of negotiation of systems of power and inequality through their transformation in everyday experiences and knowledges. The title, ‘Creole epistemologies’, has a double meaning: it highlights how feminist perspectives can push back against the structuring effects of traditional political economy that often make marginalized people passive in their own struggles. At the same time, it recognizes the power of everyday, collective practices in decolonial and grassroots movements. I take inspiration from Haitian American activist and scholar Marie Lily Cérat to insist on the intellectual, interdisciplinary and political charges of everyday struggles for existence in enabling collective action grounded in hope, healing and transformation. Drawing on both Cérat's activism in Brooklyn and her literary work, I explore how everyday struggles for survival can also be acts of resistance and transformation. Especially, a close reading of Cérat's short story ‘Maloulou’ helps explore these ideas in practice, using insights from Black feminist studies, Afro-Caribbean literature and decolonial thought. Ultimately, this article proposes a Haitian feminist praxis that focuses on how people create change through their daily lives and shared experiences in societies marked by their long history of enslavement and colonialisms.

Introduction & Purpose: Wearable devices using photoplethysmography (PPG) are increasingly used for non-invasive monitoring of physiological responses during daily life and physical activity. However, accuracy can vary with movement and sensor placement, and continuous validation remains essential. Compared with wrist-worn devices, upper-arm placements showed higher-quality PPG signals and are less affected by motion artefacts (Schweizer & Gilgen-Ammann, 2025). This study aimed to validate heart rate (HR) measurements obtained from the Polar 360 upper-arm strap across a wide range of activities and intensities. Methods: Fourteen healthy adults (7 females; 173.4 ± 9.0cm, 71.9 ± 10.2kg, 33.4 ± 9.2years) with fair skin completed six laboratory-based activities, each separated by a two minutes of transition/rest: (1) 2min lying, (2) 5min sitting, (3) treadmill walking–jogging–running–jogging–walking sequence (5×3min), (4) ergometer cycling at low–moderate–high–very high–low intensities (5×3min), (5) 8min strength training circuits, and (6) 8min high-intensity interval training (HIIT) circuits. HR was measured concurrently using the Polar 360 PPG (1Hz) sensor worn on the non-dominant upper arm and the Polar H10 electrocardiogram (ECG, 1Hz) chest strap as criterion. HR data were averaged in 10-s intervals and analyzed for systematic bias (mean difference), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) (McBride, 2005), and the percentage of data within ±5bpm of the criterion. Results: Criterion HR values ranged from 69.4 ± 11.9bpm (lying) to 161.1 ± 15.9bpm (HIIT). Overall, the Polar 360 showed substantial agreement with the criterion (bias = −0.65bpm, MAE = 1.93bpm, MAPE = 1.62%, CCC = 0.987), with 92.3% of 10-s HR intervals within ±5bpm of the H10 reference. Activity-specific accuracy varied markedly: cycling showed excellent agreement (bias = −0.02bpm, MAE = 0.62bpm, MAPE = 0.44%, CCC = 0.999, 99.5% within ±5bpm), whereas HIIT produced poorer results (bias = −1.93bpm, MAE = 4.18bpm, MAPE = 2.71%, CCC = 0.828, 81.3% within ±5bpm). Walking demonstrated near-excellent agreement, lying yielded similarly low accuracy as HIIT, and sitting and strength training showed moderate agreement (CCC = 0.904 and 0.910, respectively). Discussion & Conclusion: The Polar 360 demonstrated strong overall validity for HR measurement compared with ECG, though accuracy varied by activity. Consistent with previous findings, PPG-based HR accuracy decreased with greater motion and reduced peripheral blood flow (Schweizer & Gilgen-Ammann, 2025). Nevertheless, the Polar 360 outperformed most commercial wearables across comparable activity conditions. Its combination of accuracy, comfortable upper-arm placement, and long battery life make it a promising alternative to ECG-based chest straps for continuous HR monitoring in both research and applied settings.

Attentional function is the basis of cognitive function, and its decline affects the daily lives of older adults. Previous studies have not consistently reported the effects of dual-task training (DTT) on attentional function in community-dwelling older adults. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of DTT by combining "motor tasks" and "cognitive tasks involving motor activity" with a focus on inducing dual-task interference (DTI). The study design is a randomized controlled trial. The intervention consists of DTT that combines "motor tasks" involving lower limb movements with "cognitive tasks involving motor activity" incorporating complex finger movements. The program will be implemented in a DTI setting, and tasks will be adjusted individually for each participant. The intervention group will be conducted twice per week for four weeks, with each session lasting one hour. The control group will continue with the participants' usual daily activities for four weeks. Attentional function will be assessed as the primary outcome using the Trail Making Test-Japanese and as secondary outcomes using the digit span test and the Stroop and reverse-Stroop test. Balance function will be measured using the single-leg stance test. All evaluations will be conducted at baseline and post-intervention. In the statistical analysis, paired t-tests will be used to compare pre-intervention and post-intervention changes within each group, and analysis of covariance will be used to compare intervention effects between groups. Based on the study objectives, the maintenance and improvement of attentional function should be promoted to help community-dwelling older adults maintain healthy lives in familiar environments. UMIN, UMIN000057681. Registered on 30 June 2025. UMIN website https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000065882.

Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by progressive speech and language impairments that impact communication, independence, and psychosocial well-being. People with PPA (PwPPA) and their carers face communication difficulties that lead to social withdrawal. Speech and language therapy (SLT) offers non-pharmacological strategies to support communication, yet evidence regarding its perceived impact on daily life remains limited. This study explored the experiences of PwPPA and their carers following SLT, focusing on perceived changes in communication abilities, confidence, and psychosocial well-being. PwPPA participated in a 5-week, tailored telerehabilitation program (Lexical Retrieval Cascade Treatment for logopenic PPA/semantic PPA; Video-Implemented Script Training for nonfluent/agrammatic PPA). Post-treatment questionnaires were developed to collect the opinions of PwPPA and their carers regarding the SLT. The questionnaires included 22 closed-ended Likert-scale items and two open-ended questions for each group. Quantitative data were analyzed for frequency and consistency between PwPPA and carers, while qualitative responses underwent reflexive thematic analysis. Twenty-five PwPPA and 24 carers completed the questionnaires. Quantitative findings showed consistent perceptions between PwPPA and carers, with approximately 30% reporting improvements in communication confidence, speaking ability, and stress. Thematic analysis revealed four shared themes: reduction in negative emotions/increased self-efficacy, proactivity, acquisition of compensatory strategies, and the importance of the treatment setting and patient-clinician relationship. Additional themes included enhanced communicative effectiveness for PwPPA and increased awareness and improved interpersonal relationships for carers. Participants emphasized the benefits of individualized, supportive therapy delivered in a comfortable environment, including via telerehabilitation. Our study highlights the positive influence of SLT on both communication and psychosocial outcomes in PwPPA and their carers. Integrating subjective experiences with quantitative measures underscores the importance of person-centered, holistic interventions that address linguistic, emotional, and social dimensions, supporting everyday communication and quality of life.

A growing number of social scientists are using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to observe how social forces operate in real time. However, the validity of EMA for measuring features of daily life—what people are doing, where, and with whom—remains uncertain. A key challenge is the lack of consensus across studies about how validity in EMA methods is defined and assessed. The authors address that gap by comparing EMA data (n = 1,174) with time diary data (n = 1,113) using two population-based samples. An advantage of large samples is the ability to evaluate the magnitude of bias rather than relying solely on p-values, as is common in small-sample studies. The authors find that both methods yield similar estimates of moments captured at home and in the workplace, supporting their validity in those contexts. However, EMA tends to overestimate moments spent alone compared with time diaries, likely because of moment selection bias. Moreover, large discrepancies in estimates for eating and drinking and household chores suggest that relying on primary activity reports can introduce significant bias for multitasked activities. Comparing these methods provides insight into their relative strengths and limitations, helping researchers assess the validity, potential biases, and interpretive implications of each across key domains of daily life.

This article examines the implementation of service learning in theological education to foster theological and transform students' Faith. The primary objective of this research is to explore how service learning can enhance students' understanding of theology while promoting their spiritual and social development. A case study approach was employed at the Pastoral College-IPI Malang, where data was collected through in-depth interviews and participatory observations. The findings indicate that service learning significantly influences students' character, spirituality, and social competence. Students reported a deeper theological understanding, a strengthened commitment to their Faith, and the practical application of Christian values in their daily lives. This study highlights the benefits of integrating service learning into theological education, demonstrating its effectiveness in empowering students' Faith and facilitating their transformation in alignment with their Christian calling. Ultimately, the research underscores the importance of service learning in preparing students to become dedicated servants in society.

Abstract Introduction The Royal College of Occupational Therapists (OT) define OT as ‘supporting individuals to develop, recover, or maintain skills for daily life and personal fulfilment.’ At its core there is a focus on meaningful activities and occupation-based practice. However, workforce shortages and referral changes have altered OT roles, leading to a misunderstanding and under-recognition within the Multidisciplinary-Team (MDT). In our trust this led to the need for a referral form to trigger OT involvement in patient care to be introduced in 2024. Method An initial pilot questionnaire (n-30) of MDT members revealed a lack of understanding of the OT role. An anonymous quantitative cross-sectional survey gathered responses from a larger range of MDT professionals in acute hospital medical wards (n = 100). 80% (n = 80) of the MDT demonstrated incorrect awareness of the OT role with the majority thinking it was for discharge planning. A series of PDSA cycles were run to aim to improve the understanding of OT role. One month of referral data/trends were thematically analysed before and after interventions. Interventions included: OT referral guidance posters, access to a podcast episode on the OT role and a presentation delivered to teams. Results Pre-intervention: (February 2025)—598 referrals. 139 (23%) referrals were declined -predominantly due to incomplete or inadequate rationale for OT involvement. Post intervention: (June 2025) 483 referrals with 54 (11%) being rejected. Conclusion OT was primarily viewed as a discharge-planning role, reflecting limited understanding of its broader contribution in acute care. As a result, referrals were inappropriate—delaying patient care. Following educational interventions this improved month by month. This indicates there is a need for greater awareness and understanding of the role and skills of OTs across our trust. This can be supported by integrating broader perspectives on OT into both under/postgraduate nursing and medical education.

Abstract Introduction Measuring extended Activities of Daily Living (eADLs) is an important part of functional assessment. Several eADL scales are currently used, resulting in heterogeneity and lack of standardisation. Existing scales are potentially outdated, containing activities which are no longer considered relevant by older people. We aimed to explore the perspectives of older adults and healthcare professionals on eADL assessment to inform new approaches to eADL measurement. Method Semi-structured qualitative interviews were undertaken with older adults and healthcare professionals. Perspectives were gathered on preferences around eADL assessment, scale administration and activities that could be included in a new scale. We also explored the contribution of education and digital literacy. Thematic analysis was used to develop themes from verbatim interview transcripts. Results A total of 41 interviews (online and in-person) were conducted with 21 older adults (>60 yrs) and 20 professionals representing different members of the multidisciplinary team. Five themes were developed from interview data. Older adults identified that both physical and social activities should be included in eADL scales, and that technology has changed how eADLs are carried out. They also highlighted that views on the acceptability of receiving help must be considered to ensure accurate scoring. Professionals acknowledged that while eADL assessments could be conducted by a machine, face to face communication has key benefits. Inclusivity was consistently prioritised, with gender roles and financial factors identified as key influencing factors in eADL assessment. Conclusions Participants identified priorities for future approaches to eADL assessment that will offer a holistic assessment of eADLs and be inclusive to all, whilst reflecting the contemporary activities of life in the 21st century. This requires attention to sources of bias which can arise around inequities in education, access and finance. Further research is needed involving older people who are not digitally confident.

Polymicrogyria is a congenital brain malformation characterized by an excessive number of small gyri formed in distinct areas of the cerebral cortex. The perisylvian variant, also known as congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome (CBPS), is believed to occur in the context of post-migrational trauma during gestational development. Due to the heterogeneity and low prevalence of CBPS, few case studies have characterized its neuropsychological sequelae. We describe an illustrative case study of a 20-year-old young adult male with intellectual and expressive language impairments. Patient's history was notable for significantly delayed developmental milestones such that he was never able to speak beyond single words/syllables. He experienced his first seizure at the age of 6 and, at the time of the evaluation, he was experiencing breakthrough seizures despite being on anti-seizure medication. Given limited expressive language abilities, a bottom-up approach was utilized wherein abilities were assessed iteratively. Data were broadly consistent with moderate-to-severe intellectual disability with deficits in basic and higher-order language globally influencing domains such as spatial attention, working memory and visual learning/recall. He benefited from recognition cues. Motor testing revealed bilaterally impaired strength and fine motor speed/dexterity that were non-lateralized. Collateral report indicated that he required significant support in adaptive functioning and prompting to complete even basic Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Although fairly brief, this evaluation largely utilized measures that did not require expressive language. This case further highlights the challenges in characterizing cognitive abilities in CBPS patients who fall on the severe end of the spectrum and also have a concomitant history of epilepsy.

The monitoring of daily life in nursing home residents generates diverse and heterogeneous sources of information. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to predict a wide range of outcomes in both research and clinical practice, including mortality and cognitive impairment (CI). A key challenge is determining which information sources (IS) provide the most accurate predictions. In this work, we present an integrative AI-based framework that combines harmonized temporal modeling, Bayesian hyperparameter optimization, XGBoost, and explainable AI (SHAP) to predict CI in nursing home residents using 13 years of heterogeneous longitudinal data from 2,608 individuals. Our approach enables interpretable predictions of CI-related clinical scales such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Global Deterioration Scale (GDS), and the Barthel Scale while revealing the relative contributions of diverse IS, including clinical metrics and activity records. Using a nested 5 × 3 cross-validation scheme with patient-level grouping and temporal blocking, the Bayesian-optimized XGBoost regressors achieved robust predictive performance, with MSE values of 2.12 (MMSE), 0.47 (GDS), and 4.55 (Barthel) when using only Clinical Variables, and further improvements when integrating all information sources (MMSE: 1.85; GDS: 0.42; Barthel: 4.30). The MMSE severity classifier achieved a macro-averaged AUC of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.87-0.91), with the highest F1-scores in the Normal (0.80) and Severe (0.86) impairment categories. Clinical Variables consistently emerged as the most informative source across regression and classification tasks. Overall, this integrative framework enhances CI prediction from heterogeneous long-term care data while providing interpretable insights that may support more personalized and data-informed care strategies.

Loneliness is increasingly recognized not only as a stable trait but also as a dynamic affective process, marked by short-term fluctuations in mood, social perception, and behavior. This study examined how self-reported experiences of loneliness, perceived rejection, and social behavior unfold across time in daily life. A community sample of 157 midlife adults completed ecological momentary assessments five times daily for 20 days, reporting on feelings of loneliness, social threat, self-disclosure, and interaction frequency. Dynamic structural equation and multilevel models demonstrated reciprocal associations between momentary loneliness and perceived rejection. Greater variability in loneliness was associated with more unstable threat appraisals, and increases in loneliness predicted subsequent reductions in both social interaction and self-disclosure. These within-person dynamics were moderated by trait loneliness: individuals higher in trait loneliness exhibited more persistent loneliness, stronger coupling between loneliness and perceived rejection, and greater social withdrawal. Findings support a multi-timescale framework in which recursive patterns of emotion, perception, and behavior contribute to the maintenance of loneliness in everyday life.

ABSTRACT Waste pickers, informal workers who collect recyclable materials as a source of income, often face significant challenges in their daily lives. This study employed a participatory video approach combined with semi-structured interviews to explore the psychological well-being of eight members of the Aqu Ada Community in Kupang, Indonesia. The findings show that participants actively developed purpose in life, positive relationships with others, and autonomy, while struggling with self-acceptance, environmental mastery, and personal growth due to structural and social constraints. These results extend Ryff’s model of psychological well-being to a marginalized, collectivist context, where family responsibilities, community ties, and precarious living conditions shape well-being. The study demonstrates the value of participatory video as both a research tool and an empowering medium, and it underscores the need for targeted policies that support education, recognize the environmental contributions of waste pickers, and reduce stigma, thereby promoting both social dignity and environmental sustainability.

As social media becomes increasingly embedded in daily life, understanding the psychological mechanisms that shape users’ digital experiences is essential for promoting healthy, sustainable digital behavior. This study examines two motivational life-orientation strategies—prioritizing meaning and prioritizing positivity—and investigates how they are differentially associated with patterns of social media use, digital flourishing, and psychological well-being. A sample of 414 adults completed validated measures of digital and psychological outcomes, including a Hebrew adaptation of the Digital Flourishing Scale (DFS), and measures of prioritizing meaning and prioritizing positivity. Across seven regression models, prioritizing meaning was consistently associated with more adaptive digital outcomes, including lower screen time, reduced FoMO, higher digital flourishing, greater self-compassion, and lower psychopathology. In contrast, prioritizing positivity was associated with greater social media engagement and elevated social comparison but showed no associations with digital flourishing or psychological well-being. These findings support a dual-pathway framework, suggesting that meaning-oriented individuals tend to interact with digital platforms more intentionally and resiliently, whereas positivity-oriented individuals engage in more affect-driven and evaluative patterns that do not translate into well-being benefits. The study advances current understanding of digital behavior by identifying motivational factors that shape how users navigate online environments and highlights implications for designing digital well-being interventions and platform features.

Audiovisual integration of faces and voices in Chinese individuals with social anxiety.