Corrosion Inhibition Effect Research Articles

Exploring the anticorrosion properties of wastewater from a winemaking process for the protection of carbon steel in acid environments

This study investigates the potential conversion and application of the wastewater from a winemaking industry for the corrosion protection of metallic materials. Grain-soaked wastewater extract (herein called SOW) was collected from the leached grain wastewater of Sichuan-style Xiaoqu Baijiu. The elemental analysis results indicated that SOW was an oxygen rich compound containing N and S heteroatoms, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy also confirmed that SOW was rich in multiple functional groups. The effect of SOW on the corrosion suppression of Q235B carbon steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution was investigated through electrochemical measurements, weight loss experiments and surface analysis technology. The results revealed that SOW was an excellent anticorrosion material for Q235B carbon steel, especially after the combination of SOW and potassium iodide (KI), the corrosion inhibition efficiency was up to 94.07% at 30 °C. Surface analysis further demonstrated the corrosion inhibition effect of SOW on Q235B carbon steel in H2SO4 solution. Moreover, the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were calculated to reveal the corrosion inhibition mechanism of SOW.

Effects of Corrosion Inhibitors on Antibiotic Resistance in Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Effects of Corrosion Inhibitors on Antibiotic Resistance in Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Comparative Analysis of Cystine and Cysteine as Green Corrosion Inhibitors of Aluminium Alloy AA7075-T6

Cystine and cysteine as green corrosion inhibitors of the 7075 aluminium alloy in 0.1 M NaCl solution were analysed and compared. The inhibitive efficiency of the inhibitors was analysed by applying linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. Different concentrations of both inhibitors in NaCl solution were tested under different temperatures and times to determine the corrosion kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for analysis of the aluminium alloy surface before and after the electrochemical measurements. The hydrophilicity of the alloy surface with tested inhibitors was compared by applying contact angle measurements. The results showed that cystine and cysteine are effective corrosion inhibitors, with different characteristics and duration of protection on the tested aluminium alloy. Cysteine showed better efficiency for short-term applications while cystine provided more stable protection over a longer period.

Performance of Salak <i>(Salacca zalacca)</i> Seed Extract to Green Corrosion Inhibitor on AISI 1040 Steel

This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration and immersion time of Salak (Salacca zalacca) Seed extract as a green inhibitor on the corrosion inhibition efficiency and corrosion rate of AISI 1040 steel in a 1M HCl environment. The chemical composition of AISI 1040 steel was confirmed using OES testing to verify its compliance with AISI 1040 chemical standards. The antioxidant activity of the salak (Salacca zalacca) seed extract was determined through the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test yielding an IC50 value of 192.55 ppm, indicating weak antioxidant activity. Qualitative phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of flavonoids and tannins in the extract, as verified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) testing. The study explored concentration variations ranging from 100 to 500 ppm and immersion time variations of 10 to 30 days were used. The highest inhibition efficiency was obtained at 500 ppm concentration, while the lowest was at 100 ppm, with values of 40.26% and 18.90% respectively. Additionally, the corrosion rate was reduced to 0.035 mm/year at the highest concentration of 500 ppm. These findings demonstrated the potential of salak (Salacca zalacca) seed extract as an eco-friendly, effective corrosion inhibitor for AISI 1040 steel.

Experimental Design Modelization and Optimization of Pickling Process Parameters for Corrosion Inhibition in Steel Construction

The present study attempted to investigate the best conditions to use 2-(4-chlorophenyle)-1,4,5-triphenyle-H-imidazole as a corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in a 7% HCl and 20% H2SO4 pickling bath mixture, using chemical, electrochemical, and surface response methodologies in a spherical field. For this, a Doehlert matrix and two principal factors of the Pickling Process were examined. An experimental evaluation was carried out using weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and polarization curve measurements. Impedance diagrams and Bode plots for uninhibited and inhibited systems were analyzed and simulated using the Z-view program, the fitted data obtained closely followed the same pattern as the experimental results. This study demonstrates that the 2-(4-chlorophenyle)-1,4,5-triphenyle-H-imidazole compound is an effective inhibitor for mild steel in pickling bath solutions, and corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with increases in inhibitor concentration to attain 93.2% imidazole at 10−3 M. This is due to the absorbability of Cl− and SO42− present in the pickling bath solution and the synergistic effect between both elements. The response used in the exploitation of the design was the determination of inhibitor efficiency. This was assessed through weight loss measurements and electrochemical studies on samples in the absence and presence of 2-(4-chlorophenyle)-1,4,5-triphenyle-H-imidazole. It has been shown that the compound under investigation is an effective cathodic-type inhibitor of mild steel corrosion in pickling bath mixtures. Therefore, the inhibition efficiency was improved with the concentration of the inhibitor, which depended on the molecular structure. The optimal corrosion inhibition efficiency as a function of variation in 2-(4-chlorophenyle)-1,4,5-triphenyle-H-imidazole concentration and pickling bath temperature was simulated and demonstrated using canonical analysis; the obtained efficiency at 324 K for 6 h was 81.3% for the coded variable and 83.4% for the real variable. The experimental results are based on a real-time system and provide much more precise results than the simulated results.

Synthesis and characterization of quinoxalinone-based heterocycles for corrosion inhibition: electrochemical, spectroscopic, and microscopic studies with theoretical analysis

Purpose This study aims to synthesize two organic heterocyclic compounds, (2E,3E)-6-chloro-2,3-dihydrazinylidene-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline (MR1) and (2E,3E)-2,3-dihydrazinylidene-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline (MR2), characterize them using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and evaluate their effectiveness as corrosion inhibitors in an acidic environment (15% HCl). Design/methodology/approach The synthesized compounds, MR1 and MR2, were tested for their corrosion inhibition properties using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Post-corrosion, the steel surface was analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to confirm the adsorption of the compounds. The experimental findings were further supported by density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. Findings The results indicated that both MR1 and MR2 exhibit significant anticorrosive activity in a 15% HCl environment. The analyses performed with SEM, EDX and AFM confirmed the effective adsorption of the inhibitors on the steel surface, forming a protective layer. Theoretical studies provided additional insights into the adsorption mechanisms and stability of the inhibitors. Originality/value This work introduces novel organic heterocyclic compounds based on quinoxalinone as effective corrosion inhibitors in acidic environments. The combined experimental and theoretical approach provides a comprehensive understanding of their anticorrosive behavior.

Investigations of a new derivative as an effective mild steel corrosion inhibitor in acidic medium using experimental, electrochemical and DFT simulation methods

Investigations of a new derivative as an effective mild steel corrosion inhibitor in acidic medium using experimental, electrochemical and DFT simulation methods

Effect of corrosion inhibitor modified silane pretreatment on the performance of electrical steel sheets and laminates

Effect of corrosion inhibitor modified silane pretreatment on the performance of electrical steel sheets and laminates

Electrochemical Investigation of Hydroxy‐Substituted Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives as an Effective Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel

AbstractThis study provides a comparative investigation of 3,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (CIn1) and 2,3,4‐trihydroxybenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (CIn2) in both acidic (0.1 M and 1 M HCl) and marine (3.5% NaCl) environments on mild steel, which has not been extensively explored, through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization studies, and weight loss analysis at different temperatures and concentration. The density functional theory indicates that CIn1 has higher electron‐donating ability than CIn2, which correlates with their inhibition efficiency. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the adsorption characteristics of the CIn1 and CIn2 molecules on a modeled Fe (110) surface in an aqueous environment, providing insights at the molecular scale, which indicates that CIn1 has stronger adsorption energy than CIn2, leading to better surface coverage and protection. The experimental and theoretical findings demonstrated that synthesized hydroxy‐substituted thiosemicarbazone derivatives have shown promise in protecting MS surfaces from corrosion in acidic and marine environments. From the results, CIn1 exhibited maximum %ηPDP: 95.38% for 0.1 M HCl, 95.26% for 1 M HCl, and 78.37% for 3.5% NaCl solution, and CIn2 exhibited maximum %ηPDP : 92.29% for 0.1 M HCl, 96.60% for 1 M HCl, and 59.76% for 3.5% NaCl solution.

Synthesis of the vanillin-modified lauryl imidazoline derivative and its corrosion inhibition properties

The objective of the present study was to investigate the corrosion inhibition effect of two novel imidazoline-derived compounds, namely 2-(2-undecyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethan-1-amine (LI) and (Z)-2-methoxy-5-(((2-(2-undecyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl)imino)methyl) phenol (VLI) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The molecular structures of the two compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The corrosion behavior of the two compounds on Q235 carbon steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution and the mechanism of action were systematically investigated using electrochemical techniques, surface analysis methods, and quantum chemical calculations. The results showed that the corrosion inhibition efficiencies of LI and VLI reached 92.75% and 90.1%, respectively, with LI as anodic and VLI as mixed corrosion inhibitors. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the two corrosion inhibitors were adsorbed on the metal surface by physicochemical means.VLI demonstrated superior corrosion inhibition performance compared to LI, which was attributed to its higher adsorption sites, effectively enhancing its adsorption capacity.

Amide-Linked Alkylpyridinium Gemini Surfactants for Corrosion Mitigation of Low-Carbon Steel.

The anticorrosion properties of three amide-linked alkylpyridinium gemini surfactants (ALAPGS), viz., 3,3'-(propanediamide)bis(1-n-dodecylpyridinium) dibromide (ALDPGS), 3,3'-(propanediamide)bis(1-n-tetradecylpyridinium) dibromide (ALTPGS), and 3,3'-(propanediamide)bis(1-n-octadecylpyridinium) dibromide (ALOPGS), were studied on low-carbon steel in 3.5% NaCl through weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) methods. The anticorrosive efficiency of ALAPGS on low-carbon steel was contingent upon the concentration and length of the alkyl tails. In addition, the corrosion inhibition efficiency was found to be the highest when the concentration of the gemini reaches close to the critical micelle concentration (cmc) and followed the order ALOPGS > ALTPGS > ALDPGS. The results obtained from EIS agreed with the findings of PDP and weight loss experiments. The PDP studies indicated that the studied gemini acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. Furthermore, the morphology of low-carbon steel was studied through scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to understand the interaction between ALAPGS and low-carbon steel. The results suggested that ALAPGS are effective corrosion inhibitors for low-carbon steel.

DFT and Monte Carlo Analysis of the Anti-corrosion Behavior of a Series of the Purine Derivatives.

Corrosion poses significant challenges in both industrial applications and everyday life, necessitating effective corrosion control strategies to mitigate costs and enhance safety. This research investigates the anti-corrosion potentials of purine derivatives-hypoxanthine (1), xanthine (2), theophylline (3), theobromine (4), uric acid (5), and isoguanine (6)-using density functional theory (DFT) and Monte Carlo simulations. Electronic properties, including energy gaps, HOMO and LUMO energies, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surfaces, and global reactivity descriptors, were computed at the B3LYP/6-311 + + G(d, p) theoretical level. Monte Carlo simulations were employed to evaluate the adsorption efficacy of these compounds on Fe(110) and Cu(111) surfaces. The findings reveal significant electron charge transfer from the molecules to the metal surfaces, with uric acid (5) and isoguanine (6) exhibiting the highest inhibition efficiencies. Adsorption energy calculations indicate that compounds 3 and 4 exhibit lower adsorption energies on Fe(110), while adsorption on Cu(111) surfaces demonstrated approximately 1.5 times lower absolute values. These results highlight the potential of purine derivatives, particularly compounds 5 and 6, as effective corrosion inhibitors for metal surfaces.

Cinnamon leaf extract as an effective inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in pickling bath environments

Inhibition effect of acidic extracts of cinnamon leaves for mild steel corrosion in HCl solutions of different concentrations was investigated using mass loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) analysis and potentiodynamic polarization studies at ambient temperature. According to mass loss measurements, 60 g L−1 extract shows excellent inhibition efficiency up to 90% after 24 h immersion in all acid concentrations tested. The polarization resistance of mild steel specimens obtained by EIS measurements is found to be increased and the current density obtained by potentiodynamic polarization studies is decreased significantly in the presence of the extract. Moreover, significant increase in the charge transfer resistance of mild steel specimens by more than a factor of 10 in the presence of the inhibitor is achieved at lower HCl concentrations of 0.1 mol L−1 and 0.5 mol L−1. These studies suggest that the inhibition effect observed is due to the adsorption of corrosion-resistive components of the cinnamon leaf extract on the mild steel surface, which follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Animal Fats and Vegetable Oils—Promising Resources for Obtaining Effective Corrosion Inhibitors for Oil Refinery Equipment

The equipment of refineries and oil production facilities is subject to corrosion due to the supply of crude oils with a high content of mineralized water. The use of inhibitors is one of the most common corrosion protection methods. However, increasing requirements of environmental standards give impetus to developing new types of corrosion inhibitors from natural raw materials. The article deals with the synthesis conditions of new corrosion inhibitors (CIs) produced from distilled higher acids of beef fat (DHFAs) or vegetable oils (VO), as well as research on the protective effect of the synthesized corrosion inhibitors compared with industrial inhibitors (5 samples). The gravimetric method studied the protective effect in a solution of salts and jet fuel using a St20 steel plate. At 50 °C and a CIs content of 100 ppm, the protective effect of corrosion inhibitors based on VO and triethanolamine was 9.7–75.6%. Under similar conditions, CIs obtained from DHFAs and diaminoethyl exhibited a protective effect of 81.6–94.1%. When DHFAs and diethanolamine were used to synthesize CIs, the protective effect was 93.0–95.6%. CI synthesized at 130 °C and a DHFAs: diethanolamine ratio of 72:28 showed a 99.2% protective effect at 50 °C and a CI content of 200 ppm, which was higher or equal to the impact of using industrial inhibitors (91.6–99.5%). The results prove the possibility of alternative use of animal fats and waste from their production as new resources for obtaining highly effective equipment corrosion inhibitors. Using alternative inexpensive raw materials (fats, vegetable oils, waste from their output) to obtain CIs will improve the economic performance of inhibitor production. In addition, at least the fatty (oil) part of organic CIs is biodegradable and will not harm the environment.

Mechanochemically Synthesized PEG-OTs as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor.

Polymer corrosion inhibitors are reported to form dense films on carbon steel surfaces, and their thermostability enables survival in harsh downhole environments. In this paper, PEG-OTs was synthesized by mechanochemistry using ball mill by grafting tosyl on PEG. Using this solvent-free green chemistry, non-toxic PEG and PEG-OTs with various molecular weights (600, 2000, and 10,000 g/mol) were prepared and used as corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion inhibition performance of 5 × 10-3 mol/L inhibitors on Q235 carbon steel in 0.5 M HCl solution was investigated using static weight-loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, polarization curves, SEM, and contact angle measurements. The results show that, after modification, PEG-OTs has an elevated corrosion inhibition effect compared to PEG. A maximum of 90% corrosion inhibition efficiency was achieved using static weight-loss. The morphology study shows that a dense film formed to protect carbon steel. Thanks to their polymeric structure, a higher molecular weight leads to better corrosion inhibition.

Corrosion Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors on Mild Steel in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Corrosion Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitors on Mild Steel in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Evaluation of porphyrin molecules as effective corrosion inhibitors for copper alloy in sulfuric acid using both experimental and computational approaches

The inhibition efficacies of two porphyrin molecules, namely, 5,10,15,20-tetra-[m-(methoxy) phenyl] porphyrin (m-TMPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetra-[p-(methoxy)phenyl] porphyrin (p-TMPP) on the corrosion of copper alloy (C12510) in 1.0 M H2SO4 solutions were examined. Some chemical, electrochemical measurements, density functional theory and Monte Carlo simulations were utilized to study the adsorption behaviour and corrosion inhibition efficiency of m-TMPP and p-TMPP on the Cu (111) surface in acidic media. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was employed to examine the surface morphologies of the tested C12510 surfaces. The outcomes of these techniques proved that the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing concentration of TMPP molecules and with lowering tempera¬tu¬res. The inhibition efficiency is reached to 96.23 and 97.61 % in the case of m-TMPP and p-TMPP, respectively, using the potentiodynamic polarization technique. The inhibitory effect of TMPP molecules is explained based on their spontaneous physicochemical adsorption on the surface of C12510. The adsorption process is obeyed by the Langmuir isotherm model. Additionally, some thermodynamic activation parameters were determined and discussed. It was discovered that the two TMPP compounds retarded the pitting corrosion of C12510 in chloride-containing solutions by shifting the pitting potential to a more noble direction. Based on all the approaches investigated, the inhibitory efficacy of p-TMPP is higher than that of m-TMPP at every concentration tested.

Mechanistic Insights into the Corrosion Inhibition Performance of Eco-Friendly Nitrogen and Boron Co-Doped Carbon Dots for Mild Steel in a 15% HCl Solution.

A novel and eco-friendly route to synthesize boron, nitrogen codoped carbon dots using aniline, citric acid, and boric acid as precursor materials has been used successfully to reduce mild steel corrosion. This report describes the detailed weight-loss experiments, electrochemical measurements, and surface morphology analysis conducted to explore the efficacy of B,N-CDs as a highly effective corrosion controller for mild steel (MS) protection in 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl). The findings specify that B,N-CDs significantly decreased the corrosion of MS and attained an inhibition capacity of up to 96.7% at 75 ppm. The protection of the MS surface occurs through the generation of a protective film through adsorption of the B,N-CDs. The corrosion inhibitor undergoes predominant physisorption, which is confirmed by the values of ΔGads. Electrochemical studies further established that B,N-CDs act as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor. Hence, the aforementioned carbon dots are both cathodic and anodic corrosion inhibitors for MS. The XPS of the inhibitors explained that it is of inorganic/organic hybrid nature of the protective film generated on the surface of the substrate. The findings represent a new highly effective corrosion inhibitor that outperforms most of the alternatives at lower concentrations.

Rare‐Earth 4‐Hydroxyphenylacetate Complexes: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Corrosion Inhibition Properties

Four structural types of rare‐earth aqua 4‐hydroxyphenylacetate complexes {[Ce(L)3(H2O)2]·H2O}n (a), {[RE2(L)6(H2O)]·4H2O]}n (RE = Nd (b), Gd (c)), {[RE2(L)6(H2O)]·3H2O]}n (RE = Dy (d), Y (e)), {[RE2(L)6(H2O)]·5H2O]}n (RE = Er (f), Yb (g)), (L = 4‐hydroxyphenylacetate) have been synthesized by salt metathesis reactions of corresponding rare‐earth metal chlorides or nitrates and sodium 4‐hydroxyphenylacetate (NaL) in a water/ethanol solvent system. The compounds are targeted for structural interest and to determine if the 4‐hydroxy (4‐OH) substituent would enhance the anti‐corrosion properties of rare‐earth phenylacetates. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) determined the crystal structures of all compounds except the complex of Gd (c), which was shown to be isomorphous with the Nd complex (b) by the powder XRD pattern. All compounds were obtained as one‐dimensional polymeric structures. The structure of a differs in being a monometallic repeating unit and having two coordinated waters whilst the others have binuclear repeating units that resulted from the alternating coordination of one water molecule along the chain. Weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization tests reveal that {[Gd2(L)6(H2O)]·4H2O}n has the best corrosion inhibition properties for mild steel in 0.01 M NaCl. Furthermore, all a–g complexes are more effective corrosion inhibitors than the aqua and 2,2’‐bipyridine (bpy) complexes of unsubstituted phenylacetate indicating that 4‐OH substitution of phenylacetate enhances anti‐corrosion properties.

Mechanistic Insights into the Eco-Friendly Conifer Cone Extract's Corrosion Inhibition on Steel Rebar and Cement Mortar: An Experimental and Simulation Approach.

This study investigates the corrosion inhibition effects of eco-friendly conifer cone extract (CCE) on steel rebars embedded in cement mortar exposed to 3.5% NaCl under alternate wet/dry cycles. CCE concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% (denoted CCM0 to CCM4) were tested. Electrochemical and weight loss analyses revealed that 0.5% CCE significantly enhanced corrosion resistance, achieving 84.8% inhibition efficiency via polarization methods and a reduced corrosion rate of 9.46 mmpy. Chloride-binding studies indicated that 0.5% CCE improved adsorption intensity and multilayer adsorption constants compared to those of the control, as confirmed by Freundlich and Harkins-Jura isotherms. Surface analyses using SEM/EDS and AFM demonstrated the formation of a dense, protective passive layer on steel rebar surfaces, effectively reducing the surface roughness to 41.05 nm in CCM1 specimens. Theoretical simulations using SCC-DFTB and molecular dynamics showed a strong interaction between CCE functional groups and the iron surface, supporting experimental findings. Mechanical and porosity evaluations confirmed that 0.5% CCE maintained compressive strength and permeability while improving corrosion resistance. These results position CCE as a cost-effective, eco-friendly inhibitor with potential applications in protecting reinforced concrete structures in chloride-rich environments.