Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives Research Articles

Can Consumers’ Altruistic Inferences Solve the CSR Initiative Puzzle? A Meta-analytic Investigation

AbstractResearch into consumer responses to corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives has expanded in the past four decades, yet the evidence thus far provided does not paint a cohesive picture. Results suggest both positive and negative consumer reactions to CSR, and unless such mixed findings can be reconciled, the outcome might be an amalgamation of disparate empirical results rather than a coherent body of knowledge. The current meta-analysis therefore tests whether the mixed findings might reflect consumers’ distinct, altruistic inferences across various contingency factors. On the basis of 337 effect sizes, involving 584,990 unique respondents, in 162 studies published between 1996 and 2021, this study reveals that altruistic inferences are central to the current CSR paradigm, such that they mediate the effects of CSR initiatives on consumer responses across multiple contingencies. The mediation by altruistic inferences is stronger (weaker) in conditions favorable to dispositional (situational) motive attributions. Furthermore, consumers respond more favorably to cause marketing or philanthropy rather than business-related CSR initiatives, when the initiative is environmental (vs. social), the firm’s offering is utilitarian (vs. hedonic), the CSR initiative takes place in self-expressive (vs. survival) cultures and in earlier (vs. later) periods. These findings offer several ethical implications, and they inform both practical recommendations and an agenda for further research directions.

Organizational Behaviour insights: Examining dynamics of Workplace Culture and Employee Interaction in Modern Organizations

This study delves into the multifaceted discipline of organizational behavior (OB), focusing on how modern organizations can optimize workplace culture, employee interactions, and overall effectiveness through strategic management of human dynamics. Central to this investigation are the impacts of leadership styles, workplace culture, technology integration, and corporate social responsibility on employee engagement and organizational productivity. By employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods including surveys, interviews, focus groups, and case studies—the research provides comprehensive insights into the factors that contribute to a thriving organizational environment. Statistical and thematic analyses reveal the critical role of inclusive and adaptive workplace cultures in enhancing employee satisfaction and driving organizational success. The study also examines the dual-edged nature of technology in the workplace, highlighting its potential to either streamline operations and promote flexibility or contribute to challenges such as communication overload and diminished work-life balance. Leadership is identified as a key driver in shaping organizational culture and effectively managing change, with a particular emphasis on the need for leaders to adopt empathetic and transformational leadership styles. Furthermore, the research underscores the significance of corporate social responsibility initiatives in bolstering organizational reputation and employee loyalty. The findings suggest that modern organizations must adopt a holistic approach to OB, integrating strategic management practices across various domains to foster an environment that not only advances business objectives but also supports employee well-being and development. This comprehensive approach is essential for sustaining long-term organizational resilience and competitiveness in a rapidly evolving business landscape.

Collaborating a Dependent Business Model: Corporate Social Responsibility - Evidence from India

The research concludes that businesses in developing nations, notably India, exhibit a steadfast commitment to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Despite marked advancements in CSR procedures, there remains a judgment for businesses to transcend self-interest and embrace a broader societal perspective. For multinational corporations (MNCs), robust CSR practices are indispensable for upholding their reputational integrity. The research utilizes secondary data of the Net Profit after taxes, CSR Spending and Budget for the Fiscal Years 2017–18 to 2021–22, Share prices for the fiscal years 2017–18 through 2021–22 on the BSE and NSE, and Sector-wise distribution of CSR initiatives from company websites, online databases, and annual reports. The findings suggest that businesses in developing nations, including India, are committed to CSR. While there has been an improvement in CSR practices, businesses are still not consistently going above and beyond or solely focusing on themselves. This study contributes valuable insights into the evolving CSR terrain within India, shedding light on the strides made and the persistent challenges encountered in fostering a symbiotic relationship between corporate profitability and social responsibility. By delineating these nuances, the research seeks to inform stakeholders and policymakers about the trajectory of CSR evolution, thereby fostering a conducive environment for sustainable and responsible business practices. The study provides valuable insights into the CSR landscape in India and the ongoing efforts to integrate responsible business practices.

CSR Disclosure and Bank’s Financial Performance Nexus: Evidence from Pakistan.

Present research intends to evaluate the nexus among the corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure and financial effectiveness of banking industry in Pakistan. This investigation applies a quantitative research approach using panel data from a sample of Pakistan’s commercial banking institutions over timeframe limited from 2009 to 2020. The outcomes of mixed effect model visualize that there is inverse significant association among CSR disclosure ROE. Whereas no statistically significant linked in the context of short-term financial performance, by using a proxy of ROA. The results suggesting that the focus on CSR events and initiatives may have a detrimental effect on financial effectiveness. It is generally acknowledged that CSR offers numerous non-financial benefits, such as enhancing social media campaigns and luring ethical investors from both domestic and foreign markets. In developing countries context (i.e., Pakistan), we can conclude that the “cost of the CSR initiatives” and “shift of focus view” can affect the performance of banking industry. The lack of a positive correlation among corporate social responsibility (CSR) and financial performance in the Pakistani financial services sector can be attributed to a lack of interest and engagement in socially conscious investing. These findings indicate that the adoption of socially responsible investment has not gained significant cultural traction in Pakistan. The results emphasize the importance of banks, regulators, and stakeholders reassessing the balance between social responsibility and financial performance, considering the possible negative consequences of revealing CSR initiatives.

Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence

Ever since the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) be-gan to take off in the 1970s, multinational corporations (MNCs) and international organizations have attempted to implement a variety of voluntary initiatives to detect and prevent human rights and environ-mental abuses within corporate supply chains. Despite these voluntary initiatives, however, human rights violations and environmental dam-age have continued to occur frequently within the supply chains of MNCs, leading to increased calls for binding, “hard law” remedies. The adoption of the United Nations’ Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) in 2011 catalyzed efforts to adopt domestic mandatory human rights due diligence (mHRDD) laws, and since 2017, a growing number of nations have passed more comprehensive human rights and environmental due diligence (HREDD) laws that recognize the connection between human rights and the environment. The most ambitious HREDD proposal thus far is the European Union’s proposed Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CS3D), which, when enacted, will impose mandatory human rights and environmental due diligence requirements on corporations that conduct business in the European Union. This Note assesses the feasibility and desirability of adopting domes-tic HREDD legislation in the United States based on the framework provided by the EU’s proposed CS3D. The predominant reliance in the U.S. on voluntary CSR initiatives and limited disclosure regulations is insufficient to prevent human rights and environmental abuses in the supply chains of US-based MNCs. This Note argues that the proposed CS3D provides a promising model for how Congress could take strong-er action in this area. Although it would not completely prevent adverse impacts and could be initially challenging to implement because of the ambiguity surrounding its scope, comprehensive federal HREDD legislation based on the CS3D framework would be a significant step towards filling in the gaps in U.S. corporate accountability.

Do Old Board Directors Promote Corporate Social Responsibility?

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of old directors on corporate social responsibility (CSR) using roughly 25,000 firm-year observations from 2001 to 2015 in the United States. We employ the widely used selection, optimization, and compensation (SOC) model from psychology to explain the CSR decisions of old directors. Our results indicate that firms with a higher percentage of old directors tend to have lower engagement in CSR activities. To address endogeneity, we adopt the difference-in-differences method and use the event of sudden deaths and unexpected retirements of old directors and find that our results remain robust. Our analysis also reveals that the negative impact of old directors on CSR is more significant in firms where directors receive fewer reputational spillover benefits from CSR initiatives and/or firms exhibiting poor corporate governance. In addition, this adverse impact of old directors comes from two effects: a reduction in efforts to enhance CSR strengths and an increase in inaction to address CSR concerns. Overall, these findings suggest that the CSR decision-making process of old directors involves assessing the costs and benefits of CSR engagements, consistent with our hypothesis derived from the SOC model.

Relational Skills and Corporate Productivity in a Comparative Size Class Perspective

AbstractDrawing on insights from various fields within game theory literature, such as strategic interactions, social dilemmas, gift exchange, and procedural utility, we argue that corporate social responsibility (CSR) and relational skills—whether between firms, employers and workers, among workers themselves, or with stakeholders—are associated with positive effects on productivity. We test this hypothesis using a comparative approach across small, medium, and large Italian firms, leveraging data from the 2019 CSR survey conducted by the Italian Statistical Institute (ISTAT). Our analysis reveals that firm size plays a crucial role in the impact of relational skills on added value per worker, even after controlling for relevant factors. Key components of relational skills identified in our study include corporate policies focusing on workers' well-being, prioritizing teamwork attitudes in recruitment, supporting initiatives within the local productive network, and involving stakeholders in CSR initiatives. Our findings indicate that stakeholder engagement positively impacts all firm sizes, while worker well-being is particularly significant for small and medium firms, local network initiatives for medium and large firms, and teamwork for medium-sized firms. Instrumental variable estimates find evidence of a causal link beyond these correlations. We conclude that firm size exhibits an inverse U-shaped effect on the impact of teamwork skills, reduces the influence of gift exchange mechanisms, and strengthens the effects of investments in the local productive environment on added value per worker.

Eco-engagement: Tracing CSR communication's ripple effect on consumer hospitality loyalty

This research investigates the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communication by hospitality organizations in a developing country on shaping customers' green loyalty. The study, drawing data from hospitality customers, emphasizes the mediating effects of customer-company identification and trust, while also highlighting the moderating role of customer environmental concern. Using the SMART-PLS software for analysis, findings show that CSR communication, especially via social media, significantly promotes green loyalty. The study also establishes the key roles of customer-company identification, trust, and environmental concern in this dynamic. The results underscore the potential of strategic CSR communication to not only enhance corporate reputation and customer loyalty but also promote environmental sustainability in the hospitality sector. These findings have pivotal implications for both academia, by providing insights into consumer behavior in the face of CSR communications, and for the industry, emphasizing the importance of genuine CSR initiatives and effective communication strategies.

Implications of corporate social responsibility on the financial and non-financial performance of the banking sector: A moderated and mediated mechanism

This study aims to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on both financial and non-financial performance in the Pakistani banking sector by applying a quantitative research approach to the primary data from 405 branch managers in the Pakistani banking sector. Both financial and non-financial performance indicators are analyzed in relation to CSR practices. The CB-SEM findings of this study reveal a significant and positive correlation between CSR and both financial and non-financial performance. Our results demonstrate that CSR initiatives contribute to improved financial performance, reputation, and innovation within the sector. These findings confirm the importance of prioritizing social responsibility initiatives to enhance overall performance in the banking industry. This study provides valuable insights into the impact of CSR on performance in the context of the Pakistani banking sector. The research contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the positive relationship between CSR and financial/non-financial performance. The findings underscore the relevance of CSR practices for banks in Pakistan and emphasize the potential benefits of incorporating social responsibility initiatives into their operations. This study serves as a foundation for future research, encouraging further exploration of CSR's role in the banking industry and its implications for sustainable business practices.

Corporate social responsibility: the key to improving brand equity and reputation for local sports associations in Islamic countries

Purpose Attracting resources (financial and non-financial), supporters and the community’s attention to sports and physical activity has become essential for local sports associations (LSAs). Corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives are innovative and less imitable tools for strengthening relationships with customers (Lim et al., 2018), and there needs to be relevant research on CSR and the variables discussed in this study at the level of small sports organizations. Moreover, past research has focused on professional sports organizations in developed and non-Islamic countries. So, the following research questions are: What is the influence of CSR initiatives on the organizational reputation, brand equity and customer satisfaction of LSAs operating in the context of recreational sports, particularly in Islamic developing countries, and how does this relationship evolve within the framework of small sports organizations? Design/methodology/approach Participants (n = 290) consisted of all customers who used the services of LSAs in the Islamic Republic of Iran). This research seeks to measure the relationship between variables within a causal model based on structural equation modeling. Findings This study critically examines the connection between CSR, customer satisfaction, organizational reputation and brand equity in LSAs. This study presents a model that explores how CSR influences customer satisfaction, reputation and brand equity in LSAs in developing countries. Research limitations/implications Consequently, customers are likely to feel more satisfied with LSAs that demonstrate a commitment to CSR, and this leads to evaluations of the organization’s reputation and brand equity, ultimately resulting in outcomes for them. Originality/value This research presents a comprehensive theoretical model that examines the relationship between CSR, customer satisfaction, reputation and brand equity of LSAs in developing Islamic countries. LSAs must understand and recognize customer interests in social issues and their response to various CSR programs.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development in India

Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development in India

Deconstructing the applications of CSR policies in Indian coal mining sector

Purpose This study aims to comprehensively analyse the implementation and effectiveness of corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies within the context of the Indian coal mining sector. Furthermore, it investigates the alignment between CSR initiatives and the unique challenges faced by the coal mining sector and examines the outcomes and impacts of these initiatives on the employees of the sector and their perspective on the situation. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a comprehensive qualitative research method, including a review of the literature, case studies and stakeholder interviews. This study seeks to deconstruct the application of CSR policies. Findings The analysis developed a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding CSR policies in the Indian coal mining sector, offering insights into strategies for enhancing the effectiveness and relevance of these initiatives while fostering sustainable development. Practical implications This study reveals a rich tapestry of theoretical implications and how they connect to important organisational and societal paradigms. The results of this qualitative analysis can work as a foundation for creating scales to measure the level of efficiency of CSR policies implemented by different companies. Furthermore, this study goes beyond theoretical knowledge and gives companies, regulators and communities information they can use. By looking at how CSR policies work in the real world, a road map for responsible resource extraction and community growth can be made. Originality/value The findings are unique in exploring the CSR initiatives and the unique challenges faced by the coal mining sector. This study offers insight on the employees of the sector and their perspectives on the situation and delves into the multifaceted dimensions of CSR practices.

Management tone and corporate social responsibility: Evidence from Chinese listed companies' involvement in rural revitalization

This study delves into the correlation between management tone in annual reports and corporate engagement in rural revitalization by analyzing data from publicly listed Chinese companies between 2016 and 2022. Our investigation reveals a significant positive correlation between an optimistic management tone and elevated corporate involvement in rural revitalization efforts. The findings underscore that a management's positive and forward-looking stance can stimulate enhanced corporate contributions toward rural development, with a more pronounced effect observed in case of non-state-owned entities and those under financial constraints. Furthermore, evidence suggests that the manipulation of management tone negatively affects corporate engagement in rural revitalization. These insights accentuate the critical role of management tone in shaping corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, particularly within the realm of rural development. The study has strategic implications for corporate governance and communication, given that management tone can influence CSR activities and strategies, and suggests policy avenues for encouraging corporate participation in rural revitalization.

Evaluating the UN Global Compact Communication on Progress as a CSR Benchmarking Tool

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) extends beyond mere profit-seeking to encompass the ethical behavior of a company toward society, mitigating negative and generating positive impacts on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, and all stakeholders. The UN Global Compact (UNGC) is the world’s largest voluntary CSR initiative, and its Communication on Progress (CoP) requirement is a key reporting mechanism that allows participating companies to transparently showcase their progress and efforts regarding CSR. As more and more companies are reporting CSR practices, it is crucial to establish a global, standardized, trusted, accessible, and useful database that can be used by different stakeholders, including the companies themselves in the benchmarking process. This paper examines whether the UNGC CoP can be used as a sustainability benchmarking tool, based on well-established criteria, and compares it with other existing reporting frameworks. Results indicate that the UNGC CoP can be considered a benchmarking tool, being applicable to nearly all phases of the benchmarking process. The study also shows that the CoP stands out regarding other frameworks due to ample coverage of the sustainable development goals (SDGs), number of reporting companies, accessibility to all stakeholders, and consolidation of the information into one platform.

A Study of Financial Planning and Forecasting With Reference to Indian Oil Corporation Limited

Financial planning is a ceaseless procedure of guiding and designating financial assets to meet strategic goals and targets. The yield from financial planning appears as budgets. The most generally utilized type of budgets is Pro Forma or Budgeted Financial Statements. The establishment for Budgeted Financial Statements is Detail Budgets. Detail Budgets incorporate sales conjectures, production figures, and different gauges in help of the Financial Plan. On the whole, these budgets are alluded to as the Master Budget. We can likewise separate financial planning into planning for tasks and planning for financing. Working individuals centre around sales and production while financial planners are keen on the best way to back the tasks. In this manner, we can have an Operating Plan and a Financial Plan. Be that as it may, to keep things basic and to ensure we incorporate the procedure completely, we will consider financial planning as one single procedure that includes the two tasks and financing. Financial Planning begins at the highest point of the organization with strategic planning. Since strategic choices have financial ramifications, you should begin your planning procedure inside the strategic planning process. Inability to interface and associate planning with strategic planning can result in budgets that are "dead on landing." Strategic planning is a formal procedure for setting up goals and targets as time goes on. Strategic planning includes building up a statement of purpose that catches why the organization exists and plans for how the organization will flourish later on. Strategic targets and relating goals are created dependent on an exhaustive evaluation of the organization and the outer condition. At last, strategic plans are executed by building up an Operating or Action Plan. Inside this Operating Plan, we will incorporate a total arrangement of financial plans or budgets. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), also known as Indian Oil, is an Indian government-owned oil and gas explorer and producer, a significant player in the country's energy sector. Headquartered in New Delhi, it is the largest commercial oil company in the country, with a significant presence across the value chain of the petroleum industry, including refining, pipeline transportation, and marketing of petroleum products. IOCL's Chennai operations are a vital part of its extensive network, contributing significantly to its overall performance. IOCL's operations in Chennai also include a sprawling network of pipelines. These pipelines are crucial for the efficient transportation of crude oil to the refinery and the distribution of refined petroleum products to different parts of the region. This network ensures a consistent and reliable supply of fuel, which is vital for the economic development of the area. The retail network of IOCL in Chennai and the surrounding region is extensive, with numerous petrol and diesel stations. These retail outlets not only provide fuel but also offer a range of services and products to consumers. IOCL's focus on customer satisfaction and service quality has made it a preferred brand among consumers. Moreover, IOCL has been at the forefront of adopting innovative technologies and sustainable practices in its operations. The company has undertaken several initiatives in the areas of energy conservation, emission reduction, and waste management to minimize its environmental footprint. These efforts underscore IOCL's commitment to environmental sustainability and its role in promoting green energy alternatives. Indian Oil Corporation Limited's Chennai operations are integral to its strategic objectives and overall success. Through its refinery, pipeline network, and retail outlets, IOCL not only contributes significantly to India's energy security but also plays a pivotal role in the economic development of the region. With a focus on innovation, sustainability, and customer satisfaction, IOCL is poised to continue its leadership role in the Indian petroleum industry. I have chosen Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) for a project offers a unique opportunity to engage with one of India's leading public sector enterprises, playing a pivotal role in the country's energy sector. IOCL's diverse operations, spanning across refining, pipeline transportation, and marketing of petroleum products, provide a rich learning ground for interns. The exposure to a vast spectrum of operations allows for an in-depth understanding of the energy industry's complexities, offering invaluable insights into both the technical and business aspects of the field. The mentorship and training provided by industry veterans at IOCL are unparalleled, equipping interns with the skills and knowledge necessary to thrive in their future careers. Additionally, the organization's emphasis on corporate social responsibility and community engagement initiatives offers a broader perspective on the impact of business operations on society and the environment. In IOCL is not just a step in one's career journey but a leap into a world of opportunities for growth, learning, and making a meaningful contribution.

Potential opportunities for using solar energy: example of light industrial enterprises

Solar energy offers many prospects for light industrial firms in search of sustainable and economical energy solutions. This research examines the possible advantages and uses of solar energy in small-scale industrial environments. Light industrial firms may decrease their dependence on traditional energy sources, save operational expenses, and offset carbon emissions by using photovoltaic systems to harvest solar electricity. Utilizing solar energy allows for the decentralization of power sources and promotes energy independence, enabling companies to strengthen their resilience and competitiveness. In addition, incorporating solar systems into light industrial buildings may support environmental conservation and corporate social responsibility initiatives. Case studies and examples demonstrate the effective integration of solar energy in light industrial firms, showcasing the practicality and benefits of this sustainable energy source. In summary, adopting solar energy offers light industrial firms a strategic chance to accomplish sustainability objectives, stimulate innovation, and attain lasting economic and environmental advantages. Furthermore, the incorporation of solar energy systems into light industrial firms not only provides economic benefits but also improves their environmental sustainability. By using renewable energy sources like solar electricity, these businesses may greatly reduce their carbon footprint and actively contribute to the mitigation of climate change. The integration of solar energy is in line with worldwide initiatives to shift towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources, therefore improving the environmental qualifications of light industrial activities.

Keeping them honest? Exploring the impact of labor unions on CSR

Purpose The role of labor unions in relation to corporate social responsibility (CSR) remains both ambiguous and crucial for union members and business leaders. Given the complex relationship between labor unions and corporations, this study aims to address whether labor unions keep corporations honest (by monitoring CSR activities) or potentially render CSR initiatives less necessary. Design/methodology/approach Using data from the MSCI Kinder, Lydenberg, Domini Database for firms in the Russell 1000 Index, this study examines the link between labor unions and CSR in U.S. companies over a six year period. Generalized least squares models were used to test the hypotheses for 3,937 firm-year observations. Findings The findings show that unionized companies generally pay less attention to CSR compared to nonunionized ones. The presence of labor unions and positive union-management relations both show a significant negative impact on CSR ratings, where positive union-management relations negatively affect CSR ratings more than just the presence of labor unions. Further, when considering the environmental, social and governance aspects of CSR separately, the results are more complex, suggesting that the relationship between labor unions and CSR varies depending on specific ESG dimensions. Originality/value CSR, a well-researched area, rarely addresses the companies' relationships with labor unions. Studies in South Korea and the UK have touched on the impact of labor unions on CSR, but in the USA it remains unexplored. This study extends this line of work by examining U.S. companies.

Corporate social responsibility initiatives of banks and customers’ selection of banks in Hong Kong

PurposeThis study examines whether corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives positively impact customers’ selection of retail banks in Hong Kong (HK) and identifies which CSR domains affect customers’ selection of banks.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a quantitative approach. Primary data were collected from 416 customers of 22 retail banks in HK. The theoretical framework of this study was developed from a literature review, prior studies by Oberseder et al. (2013 and 2014), and CSR initiatives implemented by leading retail banks in HK. Descriptive statistics and statistical tests were used to analyze the data.FindingsThe study found that CSR initiatives positively affect customers’ bank selection. CSR initiatives related to the customer and environment domains are likely to have a greater impact on customers than those related to the society domain and are not likely to significantly impact customers’ bank selection.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the CSR literature by offering enhanced insight into the dynamics of CSR and its effects on customer bank selection. Furthermore, this study tests consumers’ perceptions of CSR initiatives in each CSR domain in the banking sector in Hong Kong – a novel approach that has not been previously explored in existing studies. These findings can help banks review the effectiveness of their CSR initiatives and make informed decisions on which initiatives should pursue improved CSR performance and efficient resource allocation.

Examining the Role of HRM Practices in Fostering Employee Engagement Towards CSR Initiative.

This paper investigates the pivotal role of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices in fostering employee engagement towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives within organizations. CSR has become a cornerstone of modern business strategy, acknowledging its significance in promoting sustainable practices and societal well-being. Employee engagement serves as a crucial link between CSR initiatives and organizational success, influencing attitudes, behaviors, and commitment levels among employees. Drawing upon existing literature and empirical evidence, this research provides insights into how HRM practices can effectively nurture and sustain employee engagement towards CSR, thereby contributing to enhanced organizational performance and social impact. [1] Theoretical frameworks such as Social Exchange Theory and Psychological Contract Theory are utilized to understand the mechanisms through which HRM practices shape employee attitudes and behaviors towards CSR. Social Exchange Theory elucidates how HRM practices serve as indicators of organizational support and commitment, fostering reciprocity and engagement among employees towards CSR goals. Psychological Contract Theory highlights the role of HRM practices in shaping the implicit expectations and obligations between employees and organizations, influencing perceptions of trust, fairness, and mutual respect, which in turn drive engagement towards CSR. [2] The paper explores key HRM practices that play a vital role in fostering employee engagement towards CSR initiatives, including recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, and rewards and incentives. It discusses how organizations can integrate CSR considerations into these practices to create an enabling environment that motivates and empowers employees to actively participate in CSR efforts. Furthermore, implications for HRM practice are outlined, emphasizing the need for strategic alignment between HRM and CSR objectives, leveraging technology and communication channels to enhance employee engagement, and fostering a culture of transparency and accountability. DOI: https://doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v45.i02.6106

Double-edged sword of corporate social responsibility (CSR) halo: the role of CSR efforts and crisis type and severity

ABSTRACT In recent years, the restaurant industry has been struggling with a variety of brand crises, including both product and moral harm crises. To mitigate the negative impact of such crises on their brands, companies are actively engaging in corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. While a number of previous studies have investigated the influence of CSR on consumers’ responses to a brand in a routine setting, few have incorporated crisis-related situational variables into their examination of the role of CSR in a brand crisis situation. In order to test the extent to which the CSR halo plays a role in consumers’ evaluation in a brand crisis event, this study used a scenario-based 2 CSR efforts (low/high) x 2 crisis type (product harm/moral harm crisis) x 2 crisis severity (low/high) experimental design. The findings suggest that a higher level of brand engagement in CSR can offset the negative consequences of brand crisis in the case of product harm and less severe brand crisis, compared to moral harm and severe brand crisis, respectively. Our results provide valuable insights for companies wishing to respond successfully to a brand crisis event based on predicted consumers’ responses and on their CSR reputation.