Objective : This literature review aims to analyse and compare consumers’ perceptions of organic food in developed and emerging countries, with a particular focus on cultural, health-related, institutional and economic factors shaping attitudes and adoption behaviours. Method : The study is based on a narrative review of empirical and theoretical publications published between 2000 and 2024, identified through major international academic databases. Articles were selected according to their relevance to the analysis of motivations, perceptions and institutional frameworks related to organic food consumption. Results : The literature reveals significant contrasts across contexts. In developed countries, organic food is mainly associated with environmental and ethical concerns, as well as trust in certification and regulatory systems. In contrast, in emerging countries, consumer perceptions are primarily driven by health concerns, food safety issues, perceived naturalness and risk reduction. Economic constraints, product availability and institutional trust emerge as cross-cutting factors influencing organic food adoption. Conclusion : By highlighting context-specific perceptions of organic food, this review contributes to a better understanding of organic food consumption dynamics in developed and emerging economies and provides insights for public policies and the development of organic food sectors.

This study aims to analyze consumer experiences with the Huling (Haus Keliling) service in Jakarta using Schmitt’s (1999) experiential marketing framework. Studies that specifically examine multi-variant mobile beverage services based on e-bikes through the lens of the five dimensions of experiential marketing are still rare, and this research aims to address this gap in the literature. The research adopts a qualitative phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews and observations of consumers selected via accidental sampling. Findings reveal that all five experiential dimensions, namely sense, feel, think, act, and relate are present in Huling’s service. Visual elements and taste provide strong sensory appeal, while emotional connection and product consistency require improvement. The study concludes that Huling offers a consumption experience that is not only functional and practical but also shapes consumer perception, emotional engagement, and social connection. Strategic recommendations include enhancing emotional storytelling, ensuring consistent taste quality, and developing digital features such as cart tracking and loyalty programs to strengthen consumer attachment and competitive advantage.

This study examines the impact of organizational innovation management on consumer value perception in the aviation sector by focusing on product, strategy, process, and market innovation dimensions. A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected through a survey conducted with working-age individuals (18-65 years old) in Turkey during January and February 2025. A total of 492 valid responses were obtained. The questionnaire included demographic items, the organizational innovation scale, and the perceived value scale. The study received ethical approval from Istanbul Medipol University (Decision No. 186, 2025). Findings reveal that product innovation positively affects emotional, functional, and economic value perceptions, while strategic innovation significantly impacts all value dimensions. Market innovation strongly influences economic value, and process innovation contributes only to functional value. These results highlight that organizational innovation management in aviation significantly shapes consumer perceptions and suggest that innovation efforts should be more consumer-centered to enhance satisfaction and loyalty. The study contributes to understanding how different innovation types influence consumer behavior and offers insights for aviation businesses aiming to improve their innovation orientation in a competitive market.

Consumer awareness, perception, and attitudes toward microplastic contamination in salts

Iconography plays a crucial role in shaping consumer perception and brand recall, particularly in the Indian Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector where cultural symbols, emotions, and narratives are extensively used. This paper examines the role of iconography in recent Indian FMCG advertisements and its influence on young, management-educated consumers. The study is based on primary data collected from 50 management students in Kolkata using a structured questionnaire. Findings reveal that culturally resonant icons significantly enhance brand recall, emotional engagement, and perceived authenticity of FMCG brands.

In health-related crises, hotels tend to disclose risk-coping measures (RCMs) as a vital element of crisis management. While there has been active research on these measures, much of the work has focused on consumer perceptions and travel intentions. Drawing on signaling theory, we address this gap by rigorously quantifying the underexplored linkage between RCMs disclosure and performance outcomes. Leveraging a quasi-experimental design that combines difference-in-differences method with propensity score matching, we analyze matched hotel samples with/without RCMs disclosure. Our findings reveal significant performance gains for disclosing hotels, driven primarily by firm-operated measures, whereas consumer-involved initiatives yield neutral or adverse effects. Pandemic severity, government responses, and hotel status further moderate efficacy. Additionally, mediation analysis reveals that performance improvements are partially attributable to the increase in positive consumer feedback. Our findings contribute to the crisis management and tourism literature and offer managerial insights for enhancing operational performance in the hospitality industry.

What is local? US consumer perception of local dairy foods.

The Goods and Services Tax (GST) has been one of India’s most ambitious economic reforms, aimed at unifying the domestic market, simplifying indirect taxation, and improving ease of doing business. Since its introduction in 2017, GST has undergone several rounds of rationalisation. A landmark step in this evolution came in September 2025, when the Government of India announced a significant reduction and simplification of GST rates across a wide range of goods and services. These reforms, described by the Press Information Bureau (PIB) as “Next- Generation GST Reforms,” introduced simplified slabs of 5% and 18% for most products, eliminated GST on several essentials, and simultaneously imposed a new 40% levy on ultra-luxury goods and services. The dual objective of this reform package was clear: to lower household expenses and stimulate consumption while ensuring fiscal resources for social welfare through higher taxation of luxury consumption. Among the most impactful outcomes of these changes has been the reduction of GST on solar energy equipment from 12% to 5%, a move that has major implications for renewable energy adoption, particularly in solar-rich states like Rajasthan. This essay examines the broader GST reforms of 2025, their sectoral impacts, and their specific implications for solar affordability and clean energy transition in Rajasthan, supported by relevant literature.

Purpose This study aims to investigate how display cues in agricultural products live-streaming influence consumers' purchase intentions, with a focus on the mediating roles of consumer perceptions. Design/methodology/approach Integrating the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) Model with perceived value theory, we analyzed 337 valid questionnaires from Chinese consumers using structural equation modeling. Findings Results revealed that (1) display visibility boosted purchase intention via perceived quality, value and entertainment; (2) cue multiplicity influenced quality and value but not entertainment and (3) both quality and entertainment enhanced perceived value, which subsequently increased purchase intention. Originality/value By applying a dual-mediator approach within a unified S-O-R and perceived value framework, this study offers a novel theoretical perspective by unveiling the distinct mediating mechanisms of perceived quality, value and entertainment. This not only enriches the theoretical literature on live-streaming but also provides actionable, evidence-based strategies for optimizing live-streaming presentations specifically for agricultural products.

Abstract Consumer perception of eco-friendly products in India represents a growing yet structurally constrained domain in which favourable attitudes have not translated into consistent purchasing behaviour. This study presents a statistically rigorous empirical investigation of how Indian consumers perceive eco-friendly products and which perceptual dimensions drive repurchase commitment. Drawing on primary survey data from 202 valid respondents collected via stratified random sampling across urban and semi-urban India during January–February 2026, a comprehensive inferential statistical framework was applied comprising Spearman rank-order correlations, one-sample t-tests against a neutral midpoint (µ₀ = 2.5), Mann–Whitney U tests, point-biserial correlations, chi-square tests of independence, and ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple regression with standardised coefficients. Five perceptual scales were tested. All five means were statistically significantly above the neutral midpoint (p < .001). Quality perception registered M = 2.970 (SD = 0.897, t(196) = 7.344); regulation impact achieved the highest mean at M = 3.371 (SD = 0.700, t(196) = 17.464). The OLS regression model was significant [F(5,191) = 5.472, p < .001, R² = .125, Adj. R² = .102], identifying long-term cost effectiveness (β = .197) and perceived benefits (β = .166) as the two strongest positive predictors of repurchase intention. Critically, definitional awareness failed to predict repurchase intention (r_pb = .110, p = .123), directly challenging the awareness-first paradigm that governs most green marketing strategy in India. Three adoption barriers high price (29.2%), limited availability (28.7%), and awareness depth (27.2%) share near-equal weights, revealing a compound constraint structure. Keywords: Consumer Perception, Eco-Friendly Products, Green Marketing, Repurchase Intention, Spearman Correlation, OLS Regression, India, Sustainable Consumption, Attitude-Behaviour Gap.

ABSTRACT In today’s competitive and media-driven marketplace, advertising plays an important role in influencing consumer perceptions and brand-related decisions. This study examines the impact of advertising on brand recall and brand preference to understand how advertising affects consumer memory and brand choice behavior. The research focuses on understanding advertising influence, improving brand recall, and developing brand preference among consumers. A descriptive research design was adopted, and primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire from 26 respondents using convenience sampling. Secondary data were collected from books, research journals, and online sources related to advertising and consumer behavior. The data were analyzed using percentage analysis and presented in tabular form. The findings reveal that repeated, creative, and emotionally appealing advertisements positively influence brand recall and brand preference. Brands that are easily remembered are more likely to be preferred during purchase decisions. The study concludes that consistent and engaging advertising strategies are essential for strengthening brand recall and long-term brand preference. KEYWORDS Impact, Advertising , Brand Recall, Brand Preference, Consumer

Purpose Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that boosts or augments real-time experiences by incorporating digital information into live objects. Retailers’ application of AR has taken the entire world by storm, enriching the relationship between consumers and brands. This study explores the multifaceted usage of AR in the retail sector. Design/methodology/approach Two studies were conducted across two different time frames to understand the continued use of AR in retail dynamics. 394 respondents took part in Study One, while 368 respondents participated in Study Two. The research presented probes the moderating effect of e-word of mouth (e-WOM). The researchers also further explore the impact of AR on consumer behaviour by considering factors such as convenience, experience, curiosity, fantasy, and entertainment. Findings Based on Study One’s findings, the adoption of AR for online shopping is influenced more by fantasy and curiosity rather than entertainment. The findings of Study Two indicate that experience, convenience and social influence are key factors in driving the adoption of AR for online shopping. By exploring the relationship between these variables, we provide a comprehensive understanding of how AR impacts consumer perceptions. Originality/value This study extends gratification theory by analysing AR adoption in retail through a two-study approach, identifying key motivations and the moderating role of e-WOM. It differentiates fantasy from entertainment in AR adoption, emphasising curiosity and social influence. Our findings offer valuable insights for retailers and technologists to enhance AR-driven shopping experiences and consumer engagement.

Integrative strategies for strawberry flavor optimization: From molecular biosynthesis to data-driven quality control.

The rapid development of information technology has driven the increasing use of online review platforms as a means of sharing consumer experiences. Customer reviews now serve not only as a medium for expressing opinions but also as a valuable source of data in measuring the level of public satisfaction with a business, particularly in the culinary field. One of the most widely used platforms is Google Maps, which allows customers to provide ratings and comments regarding food quality, service, price, and the atmosphere of the place. The information presented in text form can be further analyzed to obtain a general overview of consumer perceptions. This study aims to analyze public satisfaction sentiment towards Tepian Pandan Restaurant based on reviews found on Google Maps by applying the Support Vector Machine (SVM). The method used refers to the text approach. mining which includes several stages, namely collecting review data, text preprocessing (such as case folding, tokenizing, and data cleaning), feature extraction using the Term Frequency – Inverse method Document Frequency (TF-IDF), and sentiment classification using the SVM model. The processed reviews were then grouped into two main categories: positive sentiment and negative sentiment. To assess model performance, this study used evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The test results showed that the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model was able to classify review sentiment with good and consistent performance. Therefore, this approach is considered effective in identifying customer satisfaction levels based on online review data. The findings of this study are expected to inform restaurant management's efforts to improve service and product quality based on customer feedback.

Despite the importance of a sustainable food system, prior research has not empirically examined whether general food sustainability perceptions and production-specific sustainability perceptions co-occur consistently across audience segments, which is important for informing targeted communication and education strategies. The current research analyzes perceptions from an audience segmentation perspective to inform tailored communication and education strategies. Specifically, a sample of 905 adults in the United States provided perceptions of food production sustainability in general as well as pork production sustainability in particular. Responses were analyzed using a two-step cluster analysis (hierarchical/Ward's method followed by k-means) based on two sustainability indices reflecting general food sustainability importance and pork-specific sustainability. The results indicate three distinct audience segments with meaningful differences in both general food production and pork production sustainability perceptions: Food Sustainability-First (High/Moderate), Broad Sustainability Advocates (High/High), and Lower Sustainability Salience (Low/Low). Segment differences were further characterized using chi-square tests and multinomial logistic regression, indicating that sex, age category, education, and metro/non-metro status contributed to segment classification, with the Broad Sustainability Advocates segment more likely to include female, metro, and higher-education respondents. The study findings indicate opportunities for segment-specific communication and education to address motivations and barriers and support transitions toward more sustainable agri-food consumption.

In the context of digital transformation and increasing competition in the fashion industry, intangible factors play a growing role in shaping brand equity. Cultural symbols, values, and narratives constitute important elements of communication strategy that influence brand perception and the nature of audience interaction. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the cultural intensity of digital brand content, audience engagement in social media, and an integrated brand equity index. Cultural intensity is interpreted as a structured set of symbolic, narrative, and collaborative elements represented in a brand’s digital communications. The research is based on a combination of content analysis of social media publications and the calculation of audience engagement indicators. The empirical sample includes Ukrainian fashion brands Sleeper and Balykina. The methodology involved analyzing selected publications according to predefined cultural criteria and calculating engagement rate as the ratio of total interactions to the number of followers. To summarize brand characteristics, an integrated brand equity index was constructed based on key parameters reflecting consumer perception, loyalty, innovativeness, and market position. The analytical results suggest a possible association a tendency toward consistency between the intensity of cultural elements in digital content and the level of audience engagement. Brands characterized by more coherent symbolic and narrative communication structures demonstrate higher interaction indicators and a stronger integrated brand equity index. The results are analytical in nature and require further statistical verification. The theoretical contribution lies in clarifying approaches to defining and structuring the cultural dimension of brands in the digital environment. The practical relevance of the study relates to the application of the proposed framework in brand communication management. Future research may expand the sample and apply econometric methods for deeper empirical validation. The integrated brand equity index was constructed using a weighted expert-based evaluation of ten intangible parameters reflecting brand awareness, loyalty, identity, and market positioning.

The purpose of this research is to explore the relationships among food healthiness, price fairness, and loyalty in the context of Subway sandwich restaurants. Another objective of this study is to examine the moderating effects of temperature, personalization, and eco-friendly packaging on the relationship between food healthiness and loyalty. To achieve these objectives, an online survey was conducted. Data were analyzed based on 283 valid responses collected from consumers in the U.S. market. The findings indicate that food healthiness positively influences both price fairness and loyalty. In addition, price fairness exerts a positive effect on loyalty. Furthermore, the results empirically confirmed the significant moderating roles of temperature, personalization, and eco-friendly packaging. This research holds significance in that it empirically clarifies the relationships among the six variables through the case of Subway, providing meaningful marketing insights into consumer perceptions and loyalty in the food service industry.

ABSTRACT Multiple studies have experimentally investigated the influence of tactile attributes on consumer perception and preferences. Focusing on craft kits (earrings, luggage tag, and keychain) made from different types of leather including alligator and cowhide, this study is one of the first to measure the effect of tactile experience on consumer perception and willingness to pay (WTP) for a textile product. The analysis utilizes a Discrete Choice Experiment. Responses ( n = 145) were gathered from 12 events geared toward crafters. We implement a split‐sample experiment where respondents to either the control group or tactile group had an opportunity to physically touch kits. Tactile experience increases perception of quality (overall, workability, desirability) and WTP for alligator hide ($49–$122) and beginner ($−17 to $6), though others (production method, location, scale size) are unchanged. After applying a certainty‐adjustment to control for potential hypothetical bias, WTP is insignificant, and evidence of differences in preference with or without tactile experience diminishes. While we still observe an effect of tactile experience (marginal effects for beginner), it varies considerably with the particular product characteristic and may be more muted than previously shown, though more case studies are needed. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for hypothetical bias when evaluating sensory interventions, and suggest that tactile marketing may nonetheless be effective in enhancing consumer perception and demand.

This study investigated the effects of marketing ethics, specifically transparency, fair advertising, and product quality, on consumer trust within the food and beverage sector. Employing a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design, the study analyzed how ethical dimensions influence local consumer perceptions. The findings indicate that brands are generally perceived to practice ethical marketing, with transparency and product quality consistently meeting consumer expectations. Consumer trust was found to be high, and a strong positive correlation exists between marketing ethics and trust, suggesting that improved ethical practices significantly bolster consumer confidence. However, regression analysis showed that no single ethical factor acts as an isolated predictor of trust, implying that consumers evaluate brands based on a holistic perception of ethical consistency. The study concludes that ethical behavior is a vital strategic tool for brand credibility and recommends that marketing professionals adopt integrated ethical policies to maintain long-term consumer loyalty.

The growing demand for clean-label bakery products requires a deeper understanding of how functional ingredients and physicochemical properties shape consumer perception. This study characterized nine commercial clean-label breads formulated with alternative flours, oilseeds, and functional ingredients by integrating instrumental analyses (color, porosity, free amino acids, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity) with consumer evaluation using hedonic testing and Check-All-That-Apply (CATA). Sixty-five consumers evaluated the breads under blind conditions. Results showed that flour type and seed inclusion significantly affected color, structure, and bioactive compound levels. Breads with higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity (GB-B, GB-C, GB-D, PB-I) exhibited more complex aroma profiles, whereas breads with higher porosity (GB-A, PB-G) were perceived as softer. Taste and texture showed the strongest correlation with overall liking (r > 0.84). CATA and penalty analysis identified soft, easy to chew, sweet, and umami as key drivers of liking, while dry, adhesive, bran odor, and bitter negatively impacted acceptance. Data revealed that consumer preference depends on the balance between structural attributes, flavor development, and nutritional composition. These findings provide actionable insights for the formulation of clean-label breads that balance health benefits and sensory acceptance.