Substance use disorder (SUD) research has shifted to focus on strength-based approaches and resilience. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-25 (CD-RISC-25) has been widely used to measure resilience in the general population, individuals with SUD, and individuals with mental health conditions. However, there is no globally accepted standard measure of resilience, and the lack of a consistent conceptual definition and limited psychometric information for instruments in SUD research publications, contributes to methodological challenges. The purpose of this study was to appraise the psychometric properties of the CD-RISC-25 and evaluate the scale's performance in SUD research using the Psychometric Reliability & Investigation of Research Instruments (PRIORI) rubric. Cochrane Rapid Review criteria were used to synthesize and evaluate 48 published peer-reviewed articles that used the CD-RISC-25 to measure resilience in individuals with SUD. The PRIORI rubric was used to appraise the articles for the conceptual definition of resilience, reliability, validity, results related to resilience, and performance of the CD-RISC-25. Cronbach's alpha for the CD-RISC-25 in populations with SUD provided support for use of the measure among different populations with SUD. Most authors reported face validity; however, sufficient data were available in most publications to also support criterion and construct validity. Appraisal scores for the CD-RISC-25 used in populations with SUD suggested the CD-RISC-25 scale was a good measure of resilience. The PRIORI rubric allowed researchers to critically appraise the performance of the CD-RISC-25 in the reviewed SUD research articles. Findings suggest the CD-RISC-25 was valid and reliable when used to measure resilience in diverse populations with SUD. Adopting the CD-RISC-25 as the gold standard measure of resilience could help address the methodological challenges identified in SUD research.

Inferential statistics are foundational tools in health and nursing research. However, their misuse-particularly when applied to nonrandomized samples-is widespread and has serious implications for the integrity of science and evidence-based nursing practice. To examine the consequences of performing inferential statistical analysis on nonrandomized samples and provide guidance on alternative approaches when random sampling is not feasible. This paper synthesizes evidence from statistical theory, research methodology, and nursing literature to describe the assumptions of inferential statistics and the biases introduced by nonrandomized sampling. Alternatives such as nonparametric tests, bootstrapping, and descriptive statistics are also described. Violating statistical test assumptions, such as random sampling and independence, can lead to misleading p-values, invalid confidence intervals, and incorrect generalizations. Systemic factors contributing to misuse include institutional pressures, growing publication options, and insufficient statistical training. Inferential statistics must be grounded in proper sampling methods. Researchers should avoid overgeneralization from biased samples, use alternative analytical approaches where appropriate, and clearly disclose methodological limitations. Reform in nursing education and publication standards is critical to maintaining the validity and trustworthiness of nursing science.

Weight stigma-a social phenomenon in which individuals can be treated differently due to their weight and physical appearance-can be associated with stress-related conditions and poor health. Sexual minority women (SMW) have an increased prevalence of obesity and overweight compared to heterosexual women, potentially making them more susceptible to experiencing weight stigma. No studies have examined weight stigma in a national sample of SMW. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of external weight stigma and internal weight stigma in a sample of SMW, and in relevant subgroups defined by demographic data. This study used online survey methods to determine the prevalence of external and internal weight stigma in a national sample of adult SMW (n = 459). Most participants identified as non-Hispanic White, more than half identified as bisexual, and the sample ranged in age from 18 to 76 years. The prevalence of external weight stigma ranged from 26% to 65% depending on type (e.g., discrimination vs. mistreatment), and the prevalence of internal weight stigma was 57%. All body mass index categories were positively correlated with some forms of weight stigma, with the obese category associated with all forms of weight stigma. To address weight stigma, including eliminating discrimination based on weight and establishing caring and empathetic relationships, health care providers should support an individualized and holistic approach to weight management with attention to marginalized identities and other social determinants of health.

The American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8 (LE8) metrics of blood pressure, body mass index, glucose, cholesterol, smoking, diet, sleep, and physical activity are measurable outcomes to gauge cardiovascular health in individuals and populations.Objective: To determine the utility of using the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program data to quantify LE8 contemporary in a United States cohort. This was a cross-sectional observational study of primary (participant-reported and researcher-measured) and secondary (electronic health records) data from Version 7 All of Us data. Adults aged 20-100 years were included. Our primary outcome was percent of participants with complete data for all LE8 cardiovascular health indicators within one year of enrollment. We used All of Us researcher measured blood pressure and body mass index, health record serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and participant-reported cigarette use, age, race, and sex data. We described the availability of LE8 in the dataset, then calculated sex differences in LE8 using independent samples t-tests with equal variance, or Wilcoxon rank sum test, or chi-square tests. There were no data for diet, sleep, or physical activity. The final sample with complete data was 56,565 primarily middle aged adults, and over half were female. Overall, the sample had higher mean systolic blood pressure, high mean body mass index indicating obesity, and average to high HbA1c, indicating few participants meet the definition of ideal cardiovascular health. Nearly half of participants reported lifetime cigarette use of ≥100 cigarettes. Data for non-high-density cholesterol was missing in half of participants. Compared to males, females were younger by 4.2 years, had lower average systolic and diastolic blood pressure, higher mean body mass, higher total cholesterol, lower median HbA1c, and fewer reported lifetime cigarette use. Important data for modifiable lifestyle factors of diet, physical activity, and sleep are missing from the All of Us dataset. We recommend adding these missing variables to future surveys. Nevertheless, this snapshot of cardiovascular health shows that, on average, adults in the United States had poorer than recommended cardiovascular health for cardiovascular disease risk.

Older adults often experience declines in physical fitness, which can lead to difficulties with mobility and daily routines. The Healthy Beat Acupunch (HBA) regimen-a novel exercise approach that combines traditional Chinese medicine and exercise-holds promise for enhancing physical fitness in this population. However, its effectiveness in maintaining or improving physical fitness among older adults-particularly within the Thai population-has not yet been examined. To examine the effects of the 6-month HBA regimen on physical fitness of Thai older adults in residential homes. A quasi-experimental, two-group pre-post study was conducted with 92 participants from two residential homes, randomly allocated to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group participated in instructor-led HBA sessions lasting 40 min, three times per week for the first 3 months, followed by video-guided HBA regimen for the remaining 3 months. The control group continued their usual daily activities in the residential home. Physical fitness assessments were conducted at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Data was analyzed using generalized estimating equations to examine interaction effects between groups and time, as well as within-group changes. Participants in the experimental group showed significant improvements in all physical fitness parameters over time compared to the control group. Additionally, significant improvements were observed within the experimental group in all parameters when compared to baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. The improvements in all physical fitness parameters are consistent with the principles of meridian theory and the effects of acupoint stimulation. The combination of instructor-led and video-guided sessions helped participants consistently perform the HBA regimen. This two-phase approach aligns with previous studies supporting supervised-to-video transitions and addresses practical challenges, including health care worker shortages. Compared to the control group-which maintained routine activities with limited fitness gains-the HBA regimen demonstrated a more comprehensive and efficient approach for enhancing physical fitness.

Working-age individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) often experience persistent post-concussion symptoms (PCS) that significantly impair their quality of life (QoL). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may act as a psychological mechanism linking PCS to a poorer QoL, while illness perception may influence the extent to which PCS lead to PTSD; these relationships have not been tested. Establishing this moderated mediation pathway is critical for identifying patients at heightened psychological risk and informing early intervention strategies to optimize post-acute rehabilitation outcomes. This study examined the mediating role of PTSD in the relationship between PCS and QoL, as well as the moderating effect of illness perception on these associations. A longitudinal study was conducted among 120 working-age individuals with mTBI in Indonesia. PCS and illness perception were assessed at discharge, PTSD was measured at 1 month, and QoL was measured at 3 months post-discharge. A moderated mediation analysis was performed using Hayes' macro-PROCESS Model 7. PCS at discharge were associated with poorer QoL at 3 months, with PTSD fully mediating this relationship. Illness perception moderated the effect of PCS on PTSD, with more negative perceptions intensifying symptoms. The indirect effect of PCS on QoL through PTSD was stronger among individuals prone to negative illness perception. PTSD plays a critical role in mediating the relationship between PCS and QoL, while negative illness perception further amplifies this indirect effect, leading to a poorer QoL 3 months post-injury. These findings confirm the presence of a moderated mediation pathway, highlighting the need for early psychological screening and targeted interventions that address both PTSD and negative illness perception. Integrating these strategies into post-acute rehabilitation may improve long-term recovery outcomes in working-age individuals with mTBI.

The "National Cancer Patient Home-Care Pilot Program" was launched in South Korea to provide continuous management for cancer patients with a stoma. However, participation by medical institutions was low, and services were inconsistently provided. We investigated nurses' satisfaction with and demand for the pilot program for home care of cancer patients with a stoma. Data were collected through a survey administered to 196 nurses from November 13, 2022, to January 19, 2023. The questionnaire gathered information on the respondents' characteristics, the status of stoma patient management, their satisfaction with the program, and their needs. Of the 196 nurses surveyed, 42 (21.4%) participated in the home-care pilot program. Among them, 35 nurses (85.4%) were satisfied with the program, and 30 nurses (71.4%) reported that home care implementation needed to be expanded and standards of care improved. To enhance the home-care pilot program for cancer patients with a stoma, better medical services must be provided by improving the medical fee standard. This will enable more patients and medical institutions to participate in the program.