Abstract This study investigates whether Circular Material Use (CMU) fosters convergence in resource productivity across the 27 European Union (EU) countries, relying on data spanning 2000-2023. Using Phillips and Sul’s club convergence framework, we identify four distinct convergence clubs, demonstrating persistent disparities. Our ordered probit analysis reveals that higher CMU significantly increases a country’s likelihood of belonging to a higher resource productivity club. These findings underscore CMU’s role in bridging resource productivity gaps and emphasize the need for targeted circular economy policies.