Due to trade balance disparities and the recession in numerous African nations, exchange rate discourse has recently gained prominence throughout the continent. Because of their high reliance on imports and limited production capacity, developing nations find it challenging to create enough foreign money to fund imports, which means that the exchange rate has an impact on their trade balance. Sequel to this, this paper examines the effect of exchange rate on trade balance in Nigeria between 1986 and 2021. Using ARDL methodologies, this study shows that exchange rates have a significant impact on trade balance, highlighting its critical role in the international finance of the country. The study recommends A policy that aims to depreciate the Nigerian exchange rate to improve the TrB can be advocated because the results indicate that a depreciation of the currency may have a positive impact on the TrB over the long term. However, this recommendation to devalue the Naira shouldn't be so drastic as to negatively impact the importation of capital goods that are vital to the expansion and development of the Nigerian economy.

With a focus on trade openness, interest rates, exchange rates, and foreign direct investment, this study investigates the relationship between trade openness and economic growth in Nigeria between 1986 and 2021. Many observers believe that nations with poor infrastructure are unable to maintain sustained economic growth, particularly when trade openness is hampered by several obstacles. Even though trade liberalization has been extensively studied, few studies thoroughly examine how these factors collectively affect Nigeria's economic growth now, especially over a wide range of data. Using ARDL methodologies, this study shows that trade openness has a significant impact on economic growth, highlighting its critical role in the economy. The study demonstrates that trade openness and foreign direct investment significantly affect economic growth. These revelations improve understanding of the role macroeconomic analysis plays in economic growth and strategic economic management issues.

This study aims to analyze the influence of internal control systems, quality of human resources, utilization of information technology, and implementation of accrual-based government accounting standards on the quality of financial reports of Religious Courts throughout Central Kalimantan. The findings indicate that the Internal Control System is the most dominant factor (coefficient 0.327) in influencing the Quality of Financial Reports of Religious Courts throughout Central Kalimantan, followed by the Implementation of Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards (coefficient 0.264), Quality of Human Resources (coefficient 0.251), and Utilization of Information Technology (coefficient 0.236). The adjusted R-squared value of 0.782 indicates that 78.2% of the variation in financial report quality can be explained by these factors, affirming the model's explanatory power. The mean values of the variables indicate that all aspects, including Financial Report Quality, Internal Control System, Human Resource Quality, Utilization of Information Technology, and Implementation of Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards, have been implemented well.

The tax clinic is a program initiated by the PKN STAN Tax Center in collaboration with KPP Pratama Pondok Aren since 2023. This initiative is run by student volunteers and assist taxpayers. Student-run tax clinics are becoming increasingly common in higher education settings, but research evaluating the service quality of volunteer-based tax programs remains very limited in Indonesia. Yet volunteer-based services play a strategic role in supporting tax literacy and compliance. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap by evaluating the quality of services provided by PKN STAN tax clinic volunteers to taxpayers. This research employs a quantitativeresearch approach. Data were collected through questionaires distributed to taxpayers who utilized the tax clinic services at KPP Pratama Pondok Aren. The data were analyzed using average scoring and service quality (SQ) analysis methods. The results show that the average service quality scores fall above 4 on a 5-point scale, indicating that taxpayers perceive the service as important and are generally satisfied with the performance. Despite positive performance perceptions, the overall service quality gap score was -0.02. This suggests that, while taxpayers appreciate the service, there are still unmet expectations, and several aspect of the tax clinic services require improvement. Thus, this study provide practical recommendations for enhancing service delivery so that could serve as a reference for other educational agencies aiming to implement similar program.

This study examines the impact of politically connected board directors on firm value, with business group affiliation serving as a moderating variable, focusing on Indonesian manufacturing firms. Drawing on agency theory and resource dependence theory, the research analyzes 318 observations from 106 listed companies between 2020 and 2022. Tobin’s Q is used as a measure of firm value. The findings reveal that political connections alone do not significantly influence firm value (PCBOD = 0.421, PCBOD2 = 0.106), but their effect becomes positive and significant when moderated by business groups (PCBOD×BG = 0.006, PCBOD2×BG = 0.007). This implies that business group structures, particularly in family-controlled firms, can enhance the strategic value of political ties. The study is limited by its broad classification of political connections, without distinguishing their type or depth. Future research should examine more specific political affiliations and consider political dynamics across sectors.

Local governments continuously strive to provide the best public services to their citizens, one of which is tax administration services through digital platforms. Each region faces unique challenges in developing an online system for local tax administration, making it crucial to understand the factors influencing the effectiveness of these services. This study uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a conceptual framework and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using the Smart PLS application to analyze the factors affecting the acceptance of the Local Tax Administration System (SiPAD) by 131 taxpayers in Boyolali Regency. The results of hypothesis testing reveal that experience, compatibility, complexity, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness have varying impacts on the acceptance of SiPAD, with three hypotheses accepted and seven rejected. These findings underscore the importance of making SiPAD user-friendly, compatible, and perceived as useful to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of tax administration and increase local tax revenue. The study also highlights the need for adequate training and socialization for taxpayers to keep pace with rapid technological developments. A well-implemented system is expected to expand the taxpayer base and support the success of local tax administration reforms.

The State Internal Revenue Services in Southwest Nigeria struggle with tax compliance rates and revenue generation optimization due to inadequate audits and low technology adoption, which affects detection, evasion reduction, accountability, and transparency in tax administration. Therefore, this study investigated the impacts of tax audit management (TAM) and technology integration (TI) in improving the performance of SIRS in Southwest Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional quantitative survey research design, data were collected from 383 management personnel across various SIRS offices in South-West, Nigeria. PLS-SEM was employed to examine the impact of TAM and TI on SIRS performance. The findings indicate that TAM significantly enhances SIRS performance, with a coefficient of 0.440, a t-statistic of 2.736, and a p-value of 0.006, suggesting that effective tax audits boost revenue generation and reduce tax evasion. TI also positively influences SIRS performance, with a coefficient of 0.328, a t-statistic of 2.143, and a p-value of 0.032, emphasizing its role in streamlining tax processes and improving compliance. However, the combined interaction effect of TI and TAM on SIRS performance is not statistically significant, with a coefficient of -0.050, a t-statistic of 0.523, and a p-value of 0.601. This study concludes that both TAM and TI independently contribute to SIRS performance, their combined effect does not significantly enhance the operational efficiency of tax authorities. Based on these findings, the study recommends that SIRS in Southwest Nigeria should prioritize the adoption of comprehensive tax audit management strategies and leverage technology to automate and optimize tax processes.

Siskeudes, which is a village financial system implemented by the local government to record and report transactions for accountability of the use of village funds, is important for village officials to be accountable for its implementation. This system is expected to provide effective information to villagers. This study aims to test and analyze the influence of cooperation culture, perception of usefulness, and perception of ease of use on the use of Accounting Information Systems (AIS); as well as the indirect influence of cooperation culture on the use of AIS mediated by perception of usefulness and perception of ease of use. This study investigated 10 villages sampled from the Ungaran Timur District, Semarang Regency. Ungaran Timur District was selected because the characteristics of the village are still closely related to the culture of cooperation. The required data were collected by a survey using a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using the partial least squares (PLS) Smart 2.0 M3 analysis tool. The results of the study demonstrate that the culture of cooperation influences the perception of usefulness, ease of use, and the use of AIS. Likewise, the perception of the usefulness of AIS affects the use of AIS, except for the ease of use factor.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the healthcare sector, particularly on hospitals, which faced operational and financial challenges due to increased operational costs and changes in service patterns. This study aims to evaluate the financial performance of hospitals in Jakarta before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis was conducted using financial ratios, including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) to measure profitability; Current Ratio and Quick Ratio to measure liquidity; and Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) to measure leverage. This study employed a quantitative descriptive method using secondary data in the form of financial statements from hospitals in Jakarta for the period 2018–2024. The results showed that profitability, liquidity, and leverage ratios experienced significant improvements during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. The Indonesian government's policy of funding COVID-19 patients played a major role in enhancing hospital financial performance during the pandemic. Furthermore, the financial performance of hospitals in Jakarta demonstrated a significant improvement post-pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. These findings provide valuable insights for hospital management and policymakers in formulating financial strategies to enhance the sustainability of hospital operations in the post-pandemic era.