Maternal involvement with Child Protective Services (CPS) is common around childbirth, particularly for women with economic and health challenges. Federal and state policies aim to improve health care access and use for CPS-involved families, but evidence is needed to understand how CPS contact relates to health care for new mothers. We used linked population-based administrative data, representing all Medicaid-covered births in Wisconsin during the period 2010-19, to produce estimates of the associations of CPS interventions with maternal receipt of postpartum health care. After we adjusted for factors influencing risk for CPS involvement, women whose births were brought to the attention of CPS were around 13 percentage points less likely to receive postpartum care within twelve weeks after delivery, and this relation was present across different levels of CPS intervention and key population subgroups. These findings highlight the need to consider how child welfare and health care policies and practices can support connections with health care for new mothers and their infants.

Uncertainties about the benefits and harms of new drugs are common at the time of drugs' approval. It is unclear to what extent the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) communicates these uncertainties in the FDA-approved prescribing information (the drug label), which is the primary channel of communication between the FDA and physicians. Although physicians might not regularly consult the drug label for prescribing decisions, other information sources used by physicians either index or incorporate information from the label. We searched FDA review documents for uncertainties identified by FDA reviewers with new cancer drugs. We considered the subset of uncertainties highlighted in the FDA's Benefit-Risk Framework as important to the FDA's approval decision. During the period 2019-22, the FDA approved fifty-two new cancer drugs. In review documents, FDA reviewers identified a total of 213 clinical trial uncertainties with new cancer drugs, 50 percent of which were considered to be important uncertainties to the FDA's approval decision. Labels for physicians reported information on 26 percent of all uncertainties and 48 percent of uncertainties that were important to the FDA's approval decision. Communicating uncertainties about the evidence of drugs in the label is essential for informing physicians about drugs' safe and effective use.