In this paper we will analyze the legal relations inherent in the letter of credit transaction, a crucial financial instrument in international trade. Letter of credit, regulated primarily by the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP) provide security for both buyers and sellers by ensuring payment upon the presentation of stipulated documents. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex legal relations and the roles of main parties involved, uncluding the buyer, seller, issuing bank and confirming bank, and analyzes their rights and obligations under the UCP.

The cultural and economic value of sports events in rural areas represents a multidimensional phenomenon encompassing local development, the preservation of cultural identity, and the strengthening of social cohesion. Research shows that sports manifestations in smaller communities contribute to economic activity through increased tourism spending, support for small and medium-sized enterprises, and the generation of seasonal employment. At the same time, they serve as a means of promoting cultural heritage and the local way of life, thus fostering a sense of belonging and community. The media context plays a crucial role in the visibility and sustainability of these events. Coverage in local and regional media enables better positioning of rural municipalities on the cultural and tourist map of the country and increases the potential to attract sponsors and investors. On the other hand, the legal framework governing the organization of sports events in rural areas must align with the principles of transparency, safety, and responsibility in order to ensure long-term benefits for the local community. Given all the above, an intersectoral approach is needed-one that integrates sports policy, cultural development, media strategy, and legal regulation. Only through such coordination can the full potential of sports events as a tool for integrated rural development be realized.

The subject of this research is the relationship between corporate income tax and economic growth in European Union countries. Given that corporate income tax is often considered one of the most harmful tax forms for economic development, this study aims to examine its effects on GDP growth. The research investigates both the theoretical foundations and empirical evidence regarding the influence of corporate taxation on economic activity. The main objective of the study is to determine whether corporate income tax has a positive or negative impact on economic growth. Using statistical and econometric analyses based on data from EU member states for the period 2000-2020, the study evaluates the interdependence between corporate income tax revenues and GDP growth rates. The findings indicate a mixed effect: while in some countries corporate income tax negatively correlates with economic growth, in others, a positive relationship is observed, suggesting that well-structured tax policies can contribute to economic stability and development. The results of this research can be useful for policymakers in designing more effective corporate taxation policies that support economic growth while maintaining fiscal sustainability.

Transport services represent a vital component of modern society and the global economy. They encompass a wide range of activitiesfrom the movement of people and goods to complex logistics, intelligent systems, and digital technologies that enhance transport efficiency. With the growth of globalization and increasingly interconnected markets, the development of transport infrastructure has become a fundamental prerequisite for economic growth and international competitiveness. A historical analysis of transport services offers valuable insights into how states have used infrastructure as an instrument of economic policy, and how the concept of sustainability has become indispensable in shaping new strategic approaches to infrastructure planning. This paper examines the evolution of transport infrastructure, the role of transportation in economic development, and the contemporary challenges associated with sustainability and environmental criteria. Special emphasis is placed on the historical development of transport systems and various examples of economic policies that have used transportation as a mechanism of economic influence and national development.

Economic propaganda, as a form of promotion, is a paid method of business communication that aims to transmit information, develop preference and encourage action in favor of the company's products and services. Economic propaganda as an activity consists of a series of procedures and methods through which the company establishes a communication link with potential consumers. For successful growth and development, companies must count on the long-term effects of their activities, which leads to the fact that new tasks are set before propaganda. Considering that the purpose of business communication is the promotion of products and services, image building, employee orientation, we can say that business communication is of great importance for the promotional activities of companies.

Successful organizations actively manage the potentials of their employees, and motivation and organizational commitment are the key issues of human resource management. The objective of this research was to estimate the correlation between motivational structure and organizational commitment (measured by the "Questionnaire of motivation and job satisfaction") among employees. The research was conducted with a sample of 120 workers of one Serbian corporation. The results show that there is a statistically significant correlation between personal importance and satisfactory presence of certain factors of work motivation with the level of organizational commitment among employees. These results provide an answer to the practical question what forms of motivation have influence on level of organizational commitment.

This paper aims to represent the special characteristics of rational economics in comparison to the case of behavioral economics. Therefore, this analysis represents these issues and shows the main differences between the two concepts. The mainstream is to show the crucial attributes of both of them and the differences between them. Behavioral economics also take into account subjective characteristics, while rational economics is based more on mathematical norms, but there are also approaches that allow both behavioral economics and behavioral economics as feedback systems can find the most appropriate model.

In this research paper, based on a systematic review of the relevant scientific literature, the results of research on the use of artificial intelligence in companies from the ethical aspect will be presented. In this context, the paper will investigate the issues arising from the need to establish ethical guidelines for the effective use of methods, techniques and tools of artificial intelligence. For the purposes of the work, various aspects of ethics related to artificial intelligence will be evolved and key challenges that appear in business processes of companies and business systems will be analyzed. The fundamental goal is to investigate how to act ethically in this dynamic environment, while achieving competitive advantage and sustainable business development, that is, to identify the ethical dilemmas of using artificial intelligence in the working environment of individuals and to formulate recommendations to companies and organizations for its ethical use and implementation. The research results point to the necessity of including ethical principles already in the planning and development phase of artificially intelligent systems. The results show that it is necessary for companies and business systems to recognize values such as fairness, transparency and accountability and to integrate them into their business practices. A quantitative methodological approach was used, conducted on the basis of a survey questionnaire. The results of research into the application of artificial intelligence in practice indicate that employees evaluate all organizational practices that would help reduce the occurrence of ethical dilemmas as extremely important and useful, where the biggest identified ethical dilemma is the reduction of work ability and skills due to the possibility of relying on artificial intelligence systems.

Local self-governments, as a form of exercising and realizing citizens' authority, have access to certain material resources that serve the purpose of performing their original and constitutionally guaranteed functions. As decentralized levels of state power, local self-governments regulate and execute legally assigned tasks in the interest of their citizens, for which they require appropriate financial resources. The methods of financing local self-governments in the Republic of Serbia are regulated by legislation and guaranteed by the Constitution. There are several methods for financing local self-governments, i.e., for securing funds for municipalities, cities, and the City of Belgrade. This paper focuses on various methods of financing local self-governments, with particular attention to non-earmarked transfers from the national budget of the Republic of Serbia. The aim of the paper is to highlight the importance of national budget financing of local self-governments, as well as the need for its reform.

To understand the essence of the tax balance, one must start with the functions of a company within the economy of a country in general. The state demands financial resources from companies based on the profit earned, so each company is interested in minimizing the profit it achieves in the market in order to reduce the tax base upon which the state claims resources. Since the tax balance is a report that shows the amount of taxable profit, i.e., the tax base, the state is interested in its most accurate definition. It is also necessary to present the importance of understanding the tax balance in a way that is acceptable to the company's management, especially in economies that are in development, like ours. The paper presents the position of the tax balance within the financial system, the role, and place of the tax balance in the family of other financial statements. It particularly highlights the role of the risks that arise when preparing and controlling the tax balance, as well as the dependence of the tax balance on the form and structure of the company.