Oral myiasis, a rare condition characterised by infestation of dipterous larvae in the oral cavity, poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Herein, we present a case study of a 35-yearold quadriplegic man presenting with oral myiasis localised to the palatal region, likely attributable to malnutrition and suboptimal oral hygiene. Manifestations comprised oral bleeding, fever, and necrotic palatal ulcers infested with maggots. Initial diagnostic considerations encompassed mucormycosis and neoplastic lesions; however, further scrutiny revealed primary palatal myiasis caused by Chrysomya bezziana species. Therapeutic interventions entailed bedside maggot removal and meticulous wound care, with topical hyaluronic acid application and oral hygiene guidance. This case underscores the significance of uncommon conditions such as palatal myiasis, especially among patients with intricate medical backgrounds. A comprehensive diagnostic approach and optimal treatment ensure favourable outcomes.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is a common congenital condition presenting significant orthodontic challenges due to maxillofacial growth disturbances, associated malocclusions, and dental anomalies. Patients with CLP often have complex dental and skeletal issues, requiring a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach to address functional and aesthetic concerns. An 11-year-old female presented with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (UCLP) associated with dental anomalies, which included a skeletal Class I relationship with Angle Class II malocclusion, bimaxillary retrognathia, bidental retroclination, negative overjet, lower dental midline shifting, anterior crossbite, microdontia #12, agenesis #22, and several malpositioned teeth. The patient was treated with fixed orthodontic appliances, including the extraction of remaining deciduous teeth, mesialisation of the teeth on the upper left side to close the space resulting from agenesis, and space management in the mandible. Significant improvements were observed in overjet, dental alignment, occlusion, and aesthetics after a 17-month treatment period. Following orthodontic treatment, restorative procedures were performed on teeth #12 and #23. Adhering to the prescribed retainer schedule is essential to preserving dental esthetics and the stability of the treatment results. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances effectively addressed the complex dental and skeletal issues of this patient with UCLP. The treatment led to improved dental function and aesthetics, highlighting the importance of a personalised approach in addressing cleft cases.

Impression-making plays an important role in dentistry, where records of the oral cavity are needed to provide an optimum treatment plan for the patient. In this study, we utilised both the conventional impression method and the intraoral scanner (IOS) to make a comparison on the accuracy of the resulting oral cavity imprint using three-dimensional (3D) superimposition. In this study, a total of 18 participants were involved. Alginate impressions were made in a stock maxillary tray and poured with type III dental stone. The models were then scanned using IOS to generate virtual dental models where digital analysis can be made. For the IOS method, the scanning was done directly on the patient’s oral cavity by the same operator. Meshmixer software was utilised to convert the virtual models into a Standard Tessellation Language file, and then CloudCompare software program was selected to evaluate the volume, surface area, Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorff distance (HD) of the dental models produced from both methods. Statistical analyses were carried out using an independent t-test. It was revealed that the p-value of area and volume for both methods is > 0.05, which shows no significant differences. Besides, the mean and standard deviation for the HD were 0.02 and 0.01, respectively, which shows minimal differences between the two datasets. The mean DSC was also 0.9, which shows close to 100% overlap. These findings significantly indicate that conventional impression and IOS have comparable accuracy and are both reliable for impression-making.

Synovial sarcoma is a rare and aggressive type of sarcoma that develops from mesenchymal cells and accounts for around 8% to 10% of all cases of soft tissue sarcoma. The presence of synovial sarcoma in the head-and-neck region is characterised by aggressive behaviour and a generally unfavourable prognosis. Understanding the various manifestations of synovial sarcoma, particularly uncommon locations like the oropharynx, significantly improves patient outcomes by facilitating early diagnosis and prompt management. We report a case of a 57-year-old Malay woman who presented with a two-month history of sore throat and odynophagia, complicated with partial airway obstruction. She underwent endoscopic excision of the right oropharyngeal tumour via transoral approach, and the histopathological examination revealed monophasic synovial sarcoma. The surgical management, histopathological characteristics, and rarity of the disease are discussed.

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are highly dependent on their caregivers to access oral health care services (OHS), which leads to unmet oral health needs that affect their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study explored accessibility to OHS and OHRQoL among children with CP attending Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) centres in Kelantan by their primary caregivers. A cross-sectional study using Accessibility to Oral Health Care Services (CP2OHS) and Parental-Caregiver Perception Questionnaire (P-CPQ) was conducted on 81 children with CP and their primary caregivers. CP2OHS domains are “ability to perceive”, “ability to engage”, “ability to seek”, “ability to pay”, and “ability to reach”, while PCPQ domains include oral symptoms, functional limitation, emotional wellbeing, and social well-being. Children with CP were mostly males (63.0%), with a mean (SD) age of 10.3 (3.93) years, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level V (46.9%), and Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) Level III (33.3%). Their caregivers were mainly female (85.2%), aged 43.6 (9.34) years. The mean (SD) total score for CP2OHS was 29.67 (10.81) of –56 to 56 and P-CPQ was 13.21 (5.89) of 8 to 40. There was a significant difference in accessibility scores between tertiary, lower secondary, and primary levels of education (p = 0.009); village and city/ town residents (p = 0.013); and transportation with personal car and motorcycle (p = 0.004). The Pearson analysis revealed a weak positive correlation between accessibility and OHRQoL scores (r = 0.158, p = 0.16) that was not statistically significant. Children with CP posed high CP2OHS scores and low P-CPQ scores, indicating high accessibility to OHS and high OHRQoL. Strengthening OHS utilisation among these children is crucial for a better quality of life for them.

The objective of this study was to assess and compare horizontal and vertical tooth movements between two clear aligner materials, Erkodur and Zendura FLX. Nineteen participants were divided into two groups, and received either Erkodur or Zendura FLX aligners, with digital models obtained at intervals over six months. Horizontal and vertical tooth movements were measured and compared using statistical tests, including the Mann-Whitney U test for overall movement and the Wilcoxon Signed-rank test for individual tooth movement between both groups. Overall, horizontal tooth movements between Erkodur and Zendura FLX were not statistically different, but vertical movements showed significant differences at the fifth and sixth months (p < 0.05). Significant differences between predicted and achieved horizontal tooth movement (p < 0.05) were observed for Erkodur on teeth 11, 41, and 35, and for Zendura FLX on teeth 17, 16, 25, 27, 45, 44, 41, 32, 36, and 37, predominantly indicating overcorrection, except for teeth 11 and 41 in the Erkodur group and tooth 41 in the Zendura group. Significant differences in vertical tooth movement (p < 0.05) were identified for Erkodur on teeth 14, 13, 11, 27, 44, 35, and 37, and for Zendura FLX on teeth 47, 45, and 44. Erkodur and Zendura FLX revealed no significant differences in initial horizontal tooth movements. However, significant disparities between the materials emerged in later stages of treatment, with both exhibiting notable discrepancies between predicted and achieved movement in both vertical and horizontal tooth movements over a sixmonth interval.

Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) is gaining importance as a valuable outcome measure in the field of oral cavity carcinoma (OCC). This study aimed to assess pre- and post-treatment ECOG changes in Malaysian OCC patients undergoing various treatments. We conducted a 12–36 months longitudinal observational study with 63 squamous cell carcinoma patients, evaluating ECOG perfomance, medical history, symptoms, sociodemographics, clinical details, and treatment modalities (surgery, surgery + radiotherapy, or surgery + chemotherapy and radiotherapy [CCRT]). OCC patients aged 50–70 years are at risk for impaired quality of life (QOL) up to several years after diagnosis. The analysis of the association between baseline ECOG Performance Status (ECOG-PS) scores and demographic data revealed a statistically significant correlation only within the age group, demonstrating a p-value of 0.031. CCRT treatment has a more pronounced effect on patient performance status, with significant results in the 3-year overall survival rate and poor ECOG-PS score in patients post-CCRT, as well as radiotherapy. These results highlight the need to provide OCC patients with specialised interventions and support, especially while they are undergoing CCRT, to lessen the potential negative effects on their general well-being and quality of life.

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that accounts for less than 1% of all sarcoma and the most common site of tumour is found in the soft tissue of the extremity. The incidence of ASPS in paediatric age group is rare. It is extremely uncommon for the tumour arising from the sinonasal within the head and neck region. Most of the reported cases were in the orbit and tongue. Localised ASPS carries a good prognosis after complete total resection. Diagnosing ASPS can be challenging as it can be a masquerader to other sinonasal soft tissue malignancy which required the laborious process of histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural examination to solve the complexity. We encountered an 11-year-old girl who presented with sudden onset of left nasal obstruction and on examination noted a unilateral vascular mass in the left nasal cavity turned out to be ASPS. She underwent left nasal tumour debulking via endoscopic approach under general anaesthesia. Post-operative, she recovered well with regular endoscopic surveillance and was referred to the oncology team for post-operative radiotherapy.

This scoping review aims to comprehensively assess the existing evidence from both clinical and in vitro studies concerning removable partial dentures (RPD) made from poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) to identify current research gaps and enhance the understanding of PEEK’s viability as a material for RPD. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews was applied. A search was made using PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier’s Scopus, ProQuest and Springer Link databases for articles in the English language up to November 2023, focusing on case reports, clinical, and in vitro studies. A total of 33 studies were included in the analysis, which consisted of 4 case reports, 6 clinical studies, and 23 in vitro studies. Clinical studies predominantly examined patient satisfaction post-PEEK RPD insertion, framework accuracy, dimensional changes in residual ridges, and fungal/bacterial adhesion to PEEK. In vitro studies emphasised retentive force clasps (12 studies), accuracy and fitness (5 studies), material staining effects (3 studies), and diverse surface treatments (3 studies). The current body of evidence reveals a scarcity of clinical studies investigating PEEK as an RPD framework. In vitro studies primarily focused on assessing material retentive forces, with limited attention given to accuracy, surface treatment, and staining of denture base materials. Future research should address these gaps, exploring aspects such as adhesion and biofilm formation (e.g. Candida albicans) on RPD surfaces. Rigorous, well-designed clinical trials and expanded in vitro investigations are essential to establish PEEK RPD as definitive prostheses for partially edentulous patients.