Introduction: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a life-threatening fungal infection caused primarily by Aspergillus species, most commonly Aspergillus fumigatus. It typically affects the lungs, leading to tissue invasion, necrosis, and cavitary lesions. IPA usually presents with nonspecific respiratory symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and fever, along with radiological findings like consolidations, nodules, or cavitations. While these manifestations are well-documented, spontaneous pneumothorax as a presentation of IPA is extremely rare. The pathophysiology of pneumothorax in the context of IPA is thought to involve rupture of necrotic or cavitary lung tissue into the pleural space, resulting in air leak. Due to its infrequent occurrence, IPA-related pneumothorax is often overlooked, which can delay diagnosis and timely initiation of antifungal therapy. Recognizing this unusual presentation is crucial for clinicians, as early identification and management significantly influence patient outcomes and reduce associated morbidity and mortality.

A subset of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its complex form (cPTSD) fail to achieve sustained remission after standard pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. This has driven growing interest in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and newer variants—intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) and deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS)—which can modulate cortico-limbic networks. This review aims to outline contemporary stimulation protocols used in PTSD/cPTSD and to analyze concepts for combining TMS with psychotherapeutic approaches such as CBT and EMDR.  Methods: We conducted a hybrid literature review (systematic and narrative components). PubMed (2018–2025), Google Scholar (snowballing), and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for adult clinical studies evaluating efficacy and safety of rTMS, iTBS, and dTMS as monotherapy and as an adjunct to psychotherapy.  Results: Across studies, active rTMS was associated with clinically meaningful reductions in PTSD symptom severity (commonly measured with PCL and CAPS) and a favorable safety profile. Effects tended to be stronger when TMS was combined with evidence-based psychotherapy, suggesting synergy—particularly when “priming” stimulation was delivered immediately before the therapy session. The most frequently reported adverse events were transient headache and local scalp discomfort. Conclusion: rTMS and iTBS are promising, generally well-tolerated adjuncts to established PTSD treatments and may enhance psychotherapeutic effects. Larger randomized trials—especially including cPTSD populations and neurobiological response markers—are needed to translate these signals into robust evidence.

Breast cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. The development of plant-derived therapeutic agents with selective cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic potential offers a promising approach in anticancer drug discovery. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptotic potential of a Cannabis extract (Cannabryl® Full Spectrum, Dewaxed Series; Product Code IPV4000) against human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cells using multiple in vitro assays. The MTT assay assessed cytotoxicity, while apoptosis induction was confirmed by Acridine Orange/Propidium Iodide (AO/PI) dual staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) analysis using the JC-1 assay. The cannabis extract (IPV4000) exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity with an IC₅₀ value of approximately 40 µg/mL. AO/PI staining revealed characteristic apoptotic features, including chromatin condensation and membrane blebbing. Cannabis extract (IPV4000) treatment significantly increased intracellular ROS levels and induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Collectively, these results indicate that cannabis extract (IPV4000) possesses potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cells by triggering ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, highlighting its potential as a natural therapeutic candidate for breast cancer management.

The task, ego-orientation, and social adjustment psychological aspects of participation were examined in this research. This research sought to compare athletes' and non-athletes’ task, ego-oriented, and social adjustment behaviours. The sample comprised 100 students (50 athletes and 50 non-athletes) which are 17 to 25 years old. For the collection of data researcher used Task, Ego- orientation questionnaire which was developed by Duda and Nicholls, and the Social Adjustment questionnaire which was developed by Charles C. Cowell. For data analysis, SPSS statistical packet program was used for frequency analysis. To determine whether there were any differences between the various participant categories, an independent t-test was used. The result of the study revealed that there was a statistical significance between athletes and non-athletes in terms of specifically Task-orientation (p=0.00). Whereas there was no significant difference between athletes and non-athletes in terms of Ego-orientation(p=0.38) and Social Adjustment(p=0.85). According to this finding, athletes favoured all the variables more than non-athletes. In contrast to non-athletes, athletes have higher mean values for all three psychological variables.

Background:Clinical microbiology laboratories in low-and middle-income countries face increasing diagnostic burden due to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), limited manpower, and rising infectious diseases. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers potential solutions through automation and predictive analytics.Objective:This study evaluated the performance of AI-based tools in microscopy interpretation, culture plate reading, and antimicrobial resistance prediction, and assessed their impact on diagnostic accuracy and laboratory workflow efficiency.Methods:A laboratorybased observational evaluationwas conducted over six months in a tertiary care microbiology laboratory. A total of 2,400 clinical samples (blood, urine, sputum, pus) were processed using standard microbiological techniques. Parallel AI-assisted analysis was performed using deep learning models for Gram-stain interpretation, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for colony identification, and machine learning algorithms for AMR prediction based on phenotypic and genomic inputs. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, turn-around time (TAT), and agreement (kappa statistics) were calculated.Results:AI-assisted microscopy demonstrated sensitivity of 96.2% and specificity of 94.8% compared with expert microbiologists. Colony recognition accuracy reached 93.7%, reducing manual plate review time by 38%. Machine learning–based AMR prediction showed 91.4%concordance with conventional antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Overall laboratory TAT decreased by 28%. Cohen’s kappa indicated strong agreement (κ = 0.88) between AI and human interpretation.Conclusion:AI integration significantly improves diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in clinical microbiology laboratories. With appropriate validation and regulatory oversight, AI-driven systems can enhance antimicrobial stewardship and laboratory productivity, particularly in resource-constrained settings.

Cardiac amyloidosis is an infiltrative cardiomyopathy responsible for a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, including restrictive heart failure, arrhythmias, and conduction disturbances. High‑grade atrioventricular block is an uncommon but severe complication, frequently associated with poor prognosis. We report the case of a 58‑year‑old man followed for multiple myeloma complicated by renal amyloidosis, who presented with syncope revealing complete atrioventricular block related to cardiac amyloidosis, confirmed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Through this case, we discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms linking amyloid infiltration to conduction system disease, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic implications in light of current literature.

Background: Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting women of reproductive age and is commonly associated with pain, infertility, and substantial health burden. Increasing evidence demonstrates that its impact extends beyond physical symptoms, encompassing clinically meaningful psychological and social consequences. Endometriosis has been linked to elevated risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms, impaired quality of life, difficulties in interpersonal relationships, occupational disruption, and perceived stigma. Methods: A systematic narrative review of the available scientific evidence was conducted. The analysis included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cohort and cross-sectional studies, qualitative research, and mixed-methods studies addressing psychological and social outcomes associated with endometriosis. The review focused on mental health, quality of life, social and occupational functioning, sexuality and intimate relationships, healthcare experiences, and psychosocial mechanisms related to the disease [1–34]. Results: Across study designs, women with endometriosis consistently exhibited a higher prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms compared with the general population [1–3,9,10,18,19]. Quality of life was substantially reduced and closely associated with pain severity, diagnostic delay, and co-occurring mental health symptoms [6,11–14]. Endometriosis was also associated with impaired sexual functioning, relationship strain, and reduced self-esteem [20–22]. Qualitative evidence highlighted experiences of stigma, invalidation by healthcare professionals, diagnostic complexity, and adverse effects on education and employment [5,17,23,28–34]. Emerging psychosocial interventions and support strategies showed potential to improve psychological wellbeing and quality of life [25–27]. Conclusions: Endometriosis is associated with significant and multidimensional psychological and social burden. Optimal management should adopt a holistic approach that integrates medical treatment with systematic assessment and support for mental health and social functioning.