A polinização é um serviço ecossistêmico imprescindível para a manutenção da biodiversidade e produção de alimentos. Estimativas recentes apontam que a polinização realizada por animais beneficia cerca de 87,5% das espécies botânicas conhecidas. A conservação de habitats naturais é fundamental para a manutenção de recursos ambientais necessários aos polinizadores, como recursos florais e locais de nidificação. Nesse estudo, avaliamos o efeito da distância de remanescentes florestais sobre a polinização e produção de cultivos agrícolas, por meio de uma meta-análise. As variáveis-respostas analisadas foram a diversidade (riqueza e abundância) de polinizadores, taxa de visitação nos cultivos agrícolas, produção de sementes, taxa de frutificação e peso do fruto. Foram revisados 39 estudos que representaram 165 casos. O tamanho do efeito foi negativo para frutificação (-0.41), diversidade (-0.98) e riqueza (-0.86) de polinizadores. Os resultados desta meta-análise indicam que a proximidade de cultivos agrícolas a remanescentes florestais exerce influência positiva sobre a diversidade e a riqueza de polinizadores, refletindo-se em maiores taxas de frutificação e aumento no peso dos frutos. Esses achados reforçam a importância da conservação de habitats naturais como estratégia para promover serviços ecossistêmicos essenciais à produtividade agrícola.

Knowledge of the heterogeneity of forest species is important for the drying process. The drastic drying test methodology at 100o C was used on samples of 10 x 50 x 100 mm, relating defects such as cracking to the drying speed in samples of 17 forest species from the Amazon region, obtaining at the end of the test the initial temperature, final temperature and drying potential, necessary for the preparation of drying programs. The results presented values of drying parameters with the possibility of dividing the species into four groups, by similarity of drying speed and development of defects, equal to or close to, above and below fiber saturation point (FSP).

Anthropogenic actions have significantly impacted the Cerrado, making floristic and phytosociological studies important to understand and describe the diversity of tree species in the biome. The objective of the research was to describe the horizontal structure and calculate the floristic indices Jentsch's Mixture Quotient (QM), Simpson's Index (S'), Shannon's Index (H'), Pielou's Evenness Index (J') and Sorensen similarity (SO), through a forest inventory with sampling sufficiency of 10 sampling units in an area of ​​138.38 ha. A total of 79 species from 37 families were observed, with the highest importance value for the species Tachigali vulgaris. The diametric distribution pattern verified was negative exponential (“inverted J”). Shannon's diversity index (H') and Pielou's evenness index (J') obtained results of 3.63 and 0.83 respectively. 92.06% of individuals are part of classes 1 and 2, measuring a maximum of 15 cm in diameter, 38 species were classified as zoochorous and 28 as anemochorous. The absence of fire records can contribute to the maintenance of species diversity.

There are several brands of controlled-release fertilizers available on the market, and it is essential to verify their efficiency in producing quality forest seedlings in less time and at a reduced cost. Therefore, the present work aimed to evaluate the use of different controlled-release fertilizers in the production of Pinus taeda seedlings, evaluating their influence on the quality of the seedlings produced. The experimental design used was completely randomized, using the following fertilizers: Osmocote® 18-05-09 (5M) and Basacote® 16-08-12 (+2) (6M). For the composition of the treatments, the following doses were used: T0 - 2.0 kg of Osmocote® + 2.0 kg of Basacote®; T1 - 4.0 kg of Osmocote®; T2 - 4.0 kg of Basacote®; T3 – 3.0 kg of Osmocote® + 1.0 kg of Basacote®; per m3 of substrate. The following were measured: shoot height, root diameter, robustness quotient, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and Dickson quality index. For the production of P. taeda seedlings with a good quality standard, it is recommended to apply 3.0 kg of Osmocote® + 1.0 kg of Basacote® per m3 of substrate. All parameters evaluated were influenced by the fertilizers used.

Wood welding is a relatively new technique in Brazil, especially when using native wood species. This research aims to determine the shear strength of joints made using the friction stir welding process with two native Brazilian species: Hymenaea courbaril L. (jatobá) and Trattinnickia burserifolia Mart. (amescla). Ten specimens were divided into two groups: five with welded dowels and five with glued dowels. The dowels were made of jatobá wood and the pieces were made of amescla wood. After welding and gluing the dowels, the shear strength of the joints was determined by mechanical tests. The taper of the dowels was also measured in the specimens with welded dowels. The results showed that the mean shear strength of the glued dowel joints was 4.878 MPa, while the mean shear strength of the welded dowel joints was 1.718 MPa. The mean taper of the dowels was 6.20%. The welded region of the dowel had a dark color due to the increase in temperature at the piece/dowel interface during the welding process. It was concluded that welding occurred between the pieces and dowels, demonstrating the potential of the technique using native wood species.

This study analyzed the fiber properties of 24 trees, 12 of which were Acacia mangium and 12 Calophyllum brasiliense, with the aim of evaluating the suitability of these species for paper production.We determine wood density, fiber features and fiber properties for the purpose of papermaking. In general, our results showed that both woods have medium quality for papermaking; however, C. brasiliense has a slight advantage by the greater number of properties classified as medium based on the reference values for fiber properties and the average values for each species. For flexibility coefficient, both species are classified as medium quality, falling within the range of 0.50 to 0.65. Wall fraction is also classified as medium quality, falling within the range of 0.50 to 0.35. Runkel ratio values group both species as good for paper (0.50 - 1.00). Slenderness ratio ranks A. mangium (0.62) in group III, 0.50 - 1.00, as good for paper, while C. brasiliense (0.43) is ranked in group II, 0.25 - 0.50, as very good for paper. According to Luce’s shape factor, C. brasiliense is good for papermaking with a value below 0.5. Overall, both species were found to be suitable for paper manufacturing, demonstrating strong potential for this industrial application.

Com o aumento da população urbana há o incremento da demanda por áreas verdes para a recreação ao ar livre, desafiando gestores a promover espaços adequados que beneficiem os ecossistemas e a saúde humana. Portanto, o primeiro passo do planejamento é o diagnóstico das circunstâncias em que as praças se encontram. Com isso, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a arborização das 7 praças na sede do município de Rorainópolis-RR. Foi realizado a identificação, inventário, análises fitossociológica e fitossanitárias dos indivíduos arbóreos, mensuração de áreas disponíveis para implantação da arborização, ocupada com arborização e os cálculos das áreas disponíveis e do déficit do número de árvores. Durante as visitas foi verificado que em todas as praças analisadas havia inconformidades, como: atos de vandalismo e ausência de manutenções preventivas nos componentes arbóreos e na estrutura física. Nas 7 praças foram observados 168 indivíduos arbóreos, distribuídos em 12 famílias e 16 espécies. Os principais problemas encontrados na arborização destas praças estão relacionados com a falta de manutenção, baixa riqueza de espécies, com somente 2 espécies que representam 72,61% das árvores inventariadas, sendo elas Ipê e Sombreiro, com respectivamente 66 e 56 indivíduos. Com base nas áreas disponíveis para plantio arbóreo constatou-se que as praças da sede do município de Rorainópolis apresentam, em sua maioria, elevado déficit de arborização urbana, apresentando cobertura vegetal mal distribuída e insuficiente.

Adequate knowledge of the occurrence and habitat preference of wild fauna species in an ecosystem is critical for taking stock of what is available and improving its effective management. This study was conducted at the T.A. Afolayan Wildlife Park in Federal University of Technology Akure, Nigeria. Data on population and species of animal in relation to the habitat where they are found was obtained using Camera trap, direct and indirect methods along the established transect in the park. Vegetation data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Shannon Werner Diversity Index (H). Result showed that six species of wild animals were observed which include tree squirrel (Paraxerus cepapi), maxwell duiker (Philantomba maxwellii), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), black cobra (Naja nigricollis), flat-headed cusimanse (Crossarchus platycephalus) and fresh water turtle (Pelusios species). Tree squirrel has a higher naïve occupancy (NO=1.00) while fresh water turtle the lowest naïve occupancy (NO=0.14). A total of 36 tree species belonging to 16 families were identified with Diversity index (H1) of 2.68, also Diversity index of 2.56 and 2.00 were recorded for open secondary forest and rock outcrop vegetation respectively. Maxwell duiker and bushbuck were encountered along the open secondary forest and degraded vegetation, tree squirrel were found in open secondary forest and the water turtle were found in Rock outcrop. The study has provided insight on the distribution of wild animal species in the park while recommending that the University administration should be proactive in the management of wildlife resources in their conservation area.