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Integrating eugenol with intensive care in leukemia patients: exploration of pro-apoptotic potential against HL-60, human leukemia cell line

Objective: The objective of this in-vitro study was to explore the pro-apoptotic potential of eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) on Human Leukemia-60 (HL-60) cell line as a potent phytochemical in intensive care setting to leukemia patients. Methodology: After formal approval by all of the respective ethical committees, this study was simultaneously conducted at all respective institutional departments. The study included culturing HL-60 cell line and its treatment with serial concentrations of eugenol for calculation of subsequent IC50 values (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) via MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay, expression analysis of gene, comparative analysis of relative gene fold (Intrinsic Biomarkers Caspase-3, Caspase-9) as apoptosis mediator markers followed by RT-qPCR. Cellular apoptotic morphology was confirmed via Hoechst 333258 staining. Results: For HL-60 cell line, the IC50 of eugenol (14.1 uM) showed high gene expression of pro-apoptotic biomarkers (Caspase-3 and Caspase-9). Hoechst 333258 staining showed prominent apoptotic bodies leading to nuclear fragmentations. Conclusion: Eugenol proved to possess robust pro-apoptotic potential leading to diagnostic efficacy against leukemia HL-60 cell line. Further studies would help in identifying key mechanisms by which eugenol exhibits anti-cancer potential against HL-60 cell lines. Abbreviations: HL-60 - Human Leukemia-60; IC50 - Half-Maximal Inhibitory Concentration Keywords: Eugenol, Pro-apoptotic Effects, Intensive Care, Anti-Cancer Mechanisms, HL-60, Natural Chemotherapeutics Citation: Khaliq HMH, Bughio R, Nangdev P, Aziz O, Javed W. Integrating eugenol with intensive care in leukemia patients: exploration of pro-apoptotic potential against HL-60, human leukemia cell line. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(5):871−875; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i5.2491 Received: June 18, 2024; Reviewed: August 03, 2024; Accepted: August 11, 2024

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The Common Site of Impactions and Complications Associated with Foreign Bodies in the UADT: An Observational Study of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: Foreign bodies are frequently encountered in the field of otolaryngology, specifically within the domains of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT). Serious complications, such as tympanic perforations and bronchoaspiration, are infrequently observed. Objective: To see the common site of impactions and complications associated with Foreign Bodies in the UADT. Methods: The Department of Otolaryngorhinology and Head-Neck Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital conducted a cross-sectional study inside a hospital setting. The study was conducted from March 23, 2019, to September 22, 2019. The study included individuals who had a prior medical record of either inhaling or being impacted by a foreign object, as well as individuals who had a history of difficulty swallowing. Results: In this study, the majority of patients (70.0%) were found to be within the age range of 0 to 10 years. The average age of the patients was 6.1±2.8 years. This study found that foreign bodies were frequently observed to be impacted in the nose (42%), oesophagus (20%), and throat (38.0%).There are three main categories of foreign bodies: metallic foreign bodies, which account for 36.0% of cases, non-metallic foreign bodies, which account for 44.0% of cases, and living foreign bodies, which account for 20.0% of cases. The present study has provided evidence that non-invasive treatment methods, specifically direct vision only, accounted for the majority (42.0%) of the treatment approaches utilized. Laryngoscopy was deemed necessary in 38.0% of the patients, whereas esophagoscopy was performed in 14.0% of the cases. The present investigation involved the performance of endoscopic removal of foreign bodies (FB) in 6.0% of cases. Within the scope of this inquiry, it was noted that three subjects experienced postoperative challenges, encompassing sensations of discomfort, instances of bleeding, and issues associated with anesthesia. Conclusion: The majority of instances involving foreign .....

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