INFLUENCE OF MODERN MEDIA ON AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION DISSEMINATION: A STUDY OF POULTRY FARMERS IN OYO STATE

The purpose of this study is to analyze agricultural policies and their changes through a multi-perspective approach and suggest the policy strategies for rethinking Sustainable Agricultural Development (SAD) in West Africa. To reach the study's goal, this paper investigates the structural changes and trends of agricultural policy, the key elements of current agricultural policy, the policy challenges, and instruments suitability. In the study, qualitative analysis was used as a primary research tool. Within this framework, a comprehensive approach enabling holistic assessment, including multi-perspective analysis and the acronym EFFECTIVE as assessment criteria for each policy tool, has been employed. The study results showed that there have been significant changes in West African agriculture over the years in production, modernization and mechanization, agro-food processing, marketing and trade, financing, and policies. Despite these changes, agricultural policies implemented so far could not solve food security, agricultural development, and rural development. Therefore, it is necessary to rethink SAD through a comprehensive agricultural policy approach that simultaneously considers elements, activities, and outcomes of any sub-sector of the agricultural system. The policy strategies should be oriented toward practical and clearly described sub-policies, including specific tools and instruments and strategies related to financing, productivity, cooperation system, and governance for any sub-division of agriculture. Keywords: Agricultural policies, multi-perspective analysis, policy strategies, sustainable, agricultural development, west Africa.

Common DNA methylation controls gene expression and preserves genomic integrity. Mal methylation can cause developmental abnormalities in the plants. Multiple enzymes carrying out de novo methylation, methylation maintenance, and active demethylation culminate in a particular DNA methylation state. Next-generation sequencing advances and computational methods to analyze the data. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was used to study DNA methylation patterns, epigenetic inheritance, and plant methylation. Plant DNA methylation research reveals methylation patterns and describing variations in plant tissues. Determining the kinetics of DNA methylation in diverse plant tissues is also a new field. However, it is vital to understand regulatory and developmental decisions and use plant model species to develop new commercial crops; that are more resistant to stress and yield more. There are several methods available for assessing DNA methylation data. The performance of several techniques is assessed in A. thaliana, which has a smaller genome than hexaploid bread wheat. Keywords: DNA methylation, plants, process, use and benefits.

Common DNA methylation controls gene expression and preserves genomic integrity. Mal methylation can cause developmental abnormalities in the plants. Multiple enzymes carrying out de novo methylation, methylation maintenance, and active demethylation culminate in a particular DNA methylation state. Next-generation sequencing advances and computational methods to analyze the data. The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana was used to study DNA methylation patterns, epigenetic inheritance, and plant methylation. Plant DNA methylation research reveals methylation patterns and describing variations in plant tissues. Determining the kinetics of DNA methylation in diverse plant tissues is also a new field. However, it is vital to understand regulatory and developmental decisions and use plant model species to develop new commercial crops; that are more resistant to stress and yield more. There are several methods available for assessing DNA methylation data. The performance of several techniques is assessed in A. thaliana, which has a smaller genome than hexaploid bread wheat. Keywords: DNA methylation, plants, process, use and benefits

Pesticide contamination has become a significant public health problem globally because of their widespread use in the agriculture sector to increase crop yield and quality. The organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are extensively used for insect handling in agriculture due to their effectiveness against the insects and the restricted staying power in the environment. OPs can prevail prolong in the natural environment, causes pollution issues and produce a major problem to humans, animals and nature. The extensive application of OPs in public health and agricultural programs causes critical environmental pollution, which accounts for serious health issues due to acute or chronic poisoning in the living creatures. The Fenitrothion (FNT), from the organophosphate family, is the contact insecticide and the selective acaricide. This review article focuses on the adverse effects of pesticides on targeted and non-targeted organisms, including terrestrial and aquatic life. It includes organophosphates and their toxicity on humans and animals. The main focus is on Fenitrothion, its mechanism and its adverse toxic effect on animals and humans. Adverse effects of Fenitrothion (FNT) on blood cells, immunity, kidney, liver, reproductive system, genetic material, and other aspects are also studied. Oxidative stress has also been included as it is the main factor in pesticides. The objective of this review article is to precisely cover pesticides, mainly FNT. Keywords: Pollution, public health pests, agriculture, pesticides, organochlorine, Fenitrothion, systemic toxicity.

Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelehiidae) is a significant tomato pest, and chemical pesticides are used extensively for its control. Because of the adverse effects of chemical pesticides, researchers have been paying attention more to biopesticides. In this study, the larvicidal effects of the extracts of Tanacetum vulgare (Asteracea), Aleo vera (L.) and (Liliaceae) Tagetes patula L. (Asteracea) was determined and trials were conducted by using leaf dipping and pot methods. The leaf dipping method was conducted in a climate chamber, whereas the potting experiment was performed in the greenhouse. In all of the experiments, second-stage larvae were used to determine the larvicidal effects. According to the results obtained, the highest larvicidal effect and mortality rate was observed at the highest concentration of T. vulgare extract (86%, effect: 86.55%). The lowest mortality rate and the larvicidal effect was observed at the same concentration of T. patula extract (mortality: 79%, effect: 78.55%). In the pot experiment, the highest yield was seen in the Neem Azal T/S, followed by T. vulgare, A. vera and T. patula extracts. On the first day counts, the lowest insecticidal effect was obtained with the lowest concentration of T. patula extract. The extract of A. vera, T. vulgare and T. patula was effective in experiments carried out in pot and laboratory conditions on T. absoluta. It is suggested that more research be done on using these extracts as a biopesticide to control T. absoluta. Keywords: Tomato leaf miner, plant extracts, larvacidal effect.

against Cnaphalorosis medinalis. Four synthetic insecticides were applied with three replicates at recommended dose rates. Toxicity trials were performed under RCBD. The results of the toxicity experiments disclosed the lowest mean leaf reduction damage (6.84%) after 14 days of 2nd spray by application of Flubendamide followed by Emmamectin Benzoate (15.03%). The damage was reduced 17.21-17.00% in case of Fibronil and 17.19-16.12% by Lambda cyhalothrin but was superior to untreated plots. The results of 1st spray revealed that the lowest mean leaf damage (12.24%) was noted in case of Flubendamide application among the tested insecticides. In case of yield analysis, the highest percent grain filling (92.34%) was examined in Belt insecticide trailed by Timer (87.12%), whereas the lowest (70.46%) was noted in case of control. Increase in yield (%) disclosed that the highest increase in yield (21.54%) was recorded in application of Belt insecticide, while relatively the lowest (10.23%) was observed in Boxer insecticide. Overall, the results depicted that the longest exposure period proved more effective as relative high reduction in leaf damage, and Flubendamide was the most effective among the all tested insecticides. Hence, this insecticide can be used in Intergrated Pest Management Program (IPM) for the successful management of C. medinalis. Keywords: Oryza sativa, insect pests, IPM, pest scouting, toxicity bioassays, efficacy.

This research was carried out in order to determine some chemical, physical and rheological (mixograph) traits of 4 standard durum wheat varieties and 11 durum wheat lines in 2015-2016 under irrigated conditions in Gözlü and Central location of Konya according to randomized block design with three replications. Means of quality parameters varied for thousand kernel weight (30.26-38.45 g), protein ratio (12.94-14.77%), SDS sedimentation (13.75-29.75 ml), color (b value) (20.45-23.35), mixograph development time (1.55-3.79 min), peak height (46.47-81.38%), softening (slope) (6.46-28.85 min/%), peak width (2.19-15.13%), peak area (54-165 Nm) and total area (energy) (236-407 Nm). Significant differences were found between wheat varieties in terms of examined features. Durum wheat lines having weak, strong and very strong gluten were identified in this research. Keywords: Wheat breeding, landraces, genetic structure, semolina, dough traits, gluten index, mixograph parameters.

The present study examines the relation between organizational cynicism and trust with specific focus on the employees of the Ataturk Forest Farm. Exploratory factor analysis, t-test and ANOVA tests were used in investigating the relation between organizational cynicism and trust. The sample of the study was determined on the basis of the voluntary participation method and consisted of the employees of 74 production businesses working at the Plant Production Directorate, Milk Factory, and Fruit Juice and Honey Factory of the Ataturk Forest Farm operating in Ankara in 2021. An information sheet including “Organizational Cynicism Scale” and “Organizational Trust Scale” as well as the socio-demographical properties was used in the study as the data collection tool in order to collect the necessary information. Reliability analysis of the organizational cynicism and trust scales was done and the scales were found reliable for this study. After that, according to the results of the exploratory factor analysis conducted with the data collected by the both scales, the organizational cynicism and trust scales were divided into three dimensions each. The relation between organizational cynicism and trust indicated that the first, second and third dimensions of the organizational cynicism had a statistical difference of p<0.10, p<0.05 and p<0.05, respectively from the organizational trust. As a result, no relation was found between organizational cynicism and trust regarding the employees of the Atatürk Forest Farm. The statistical differences as a result of the ANOVA test also confirmed these findings. However, the trust of the employees in their organization, managers and colleagues can be considered in the centre of their hopelessness, negative thoughts and even their sense of belonging. Keywords: Human resource, organization pessimism, employee’s behaviour, labour problems, trust atmosphere, corporate performance.

Shoot tips of newly emerging mango shoots were used as an explant and cultured on MS media for direct shooting. Different plant growth regulators i.e. BAP, NAA and IAA in varying concentrations were added to basal MS media. Experiment was laid out according to Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and each treatment was replicated thrice. Maximum shoot induction (55.56%) was observed with 1 mg/L of BAP. Maximum mortality (83.30%) was observed when maximum concentration of BAP (3 mg/L) was used. Minimum days (12.633) to induce shoots were observed on MS media supplemented with 1 mg/L of BAP. Maximum number of shoots (2.50) were recorded in MS media supplemented with 1 mg/L of BAP. Low concentration of NAA initiated roots earlier in regenerated shoots as compare to high concentrations of NAA and IAA. MS media supplemented with NAA (1 mg/L) took less days (21 days) to induce roots. The combination of auxins (MS+ NAA 3 mg /L + IAA 1 mg /L) proved the best for root induction (38.87%). Keywords: Mangifera indica, tropical fruits, asexual propagation, plant tissue culture, micropropagation, phenolic exudation, acclimatization.