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Novel Multivariate Integral Operators Incorporating Trigonometric Transformations

The creation of new nonlinear multivariate integral operators is motivated by the need for mathematical tools that can handle the complex interdependencies that naturally arise in contemporary applications. From an abstract scientific point of view, it is also necessary to develop new operator theories beyond existing ones to offer original research perspectives. This article contributes to these complementary aspects. We present two nonlinear multivariate integral operators that have the particularity of incorporating trigonometric transformations of the main function. Thanks to their trigonometric nature, they completely stand out from existing operators, offering a new and complete framework. Therefore, we take advantage of advanced mathematical techniques for trigonometric functions to address the challenges they pose. In particular, we show that they have manageable integrals and series expansions, that they are solutions of specific differential and functional equations, and that they are involved in general inequalities of various types (Hölder-type, convex-type, etc.). In the application part, we use some of these properties to propose a wide collection of trigonometric inequalities that are both original and precise. Figures are produced to illustrate them for a direct visual check.

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Exploring Two Modified Ali-Mikhail-Haq Copulas and New Bivariate Logistic Distributions

The Ali-Mikhail-Haq copula is a bivariate ratio-type Archimedean copula known for its simplicity and flexibility in modeling moderate negative and positive dependence structures, making it widely used in various fields. However, it is limited to capturing asymmetric dependence features, significant negative correlations, or versatile tail dependence properties. This research paper proposes two modifications of the Ali-Mikhail-Haq copula that overcome these limitations, but at the price of the loss of the positive dependence nature. Contrary to the common approach that focuses on modifying the corresponding generator function, we apply direct functional changes to the Ali-Mikhail-Haq copula. We thus perturb its Archimedean identity. The first copula has the particularity of being non-exchangeable, capable of reaching an interesting level of negative dependence correlations, and possessing flexible tail dependence properties. The second copula offers another modeling option; it is exchangeable like the Ali-Mikhail-Haq copula, but it benefits from a broader range of negative dependence correlations and more adaptable tail dependence properties. For the two proposed copulas, we investigate their main characteristics, including quadrant dependence, copula density function, conditional copulas, couples of value generation, extended variants via standard copula schemes, comprehensive copula orders, and weighted harmonic mean copula transformations. An application on two new bivariate logistic distributions in a two-component system context is given. When possible, numerical and graphical studies are given to strengthen the theory.

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