Nowadays, bullying behavior is very common, especially among teenagers and young adults. Bullying is intentionally aggressive behavior, which aims to make other people feel uncomfortable, cornered or intimidated. Bullying has a very negative effect on the growth and development of teenagers. For example, increased depression and stress, low self-esteem, sleep disorders, and the emergence of self-harm behavior and suicide. Self-harm is a detrimental action in the form of self-harm. And if it continues, it will lead to more serious problems such as suicide. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the causes of self-harm in adolescents who experience bullying. The method used in this paper is to use a systematic literature method originating from the Google Scholar and Scopus databases. With a publication range from 2019 to 2023. These journals use English and Indonesian in full-text form. After a series of data sorting processes, 18 papers were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. With the results of three main factors that influence self-harm actions in adolescent victims of bullying. Among them are psychological, social and physical factors.

In the context of technology integration in basic education in the Society 5.0 era, this research aims to explore the challenges, opportunities and impact on the curriculum, the role of teachers and the learning process. Through a qualitative literature study approach, we analyzed academic literature to understand how technology can influence curriculum development that is responsive to 21st century skills, the changing role of teachers as facilitators of digital learning, and the implementation of technology in interactive learning such as e-learning and game-based learning . The findings highlight the need for developing digital skills for teachers, as well as challenges related to technology accessibility and the digital divide among students. In conclusion, the integration of technology in basic education offers significant opportunities to improve the quality of learning, but requires cross-sector collaboration to ensure that all students can access technology equally to achieve inclusive and relevant education.

Teachers in inclusive schools have diverse and complex responsibilities, necessitating a high level of hardiness to cope with pressure and stress. Teacher efficacy is a crucial factor that helps them face these challenges. This study aims to determine the relationship between teacher efficacy and hardiness among teachers in inclusive schools at the Yayasan Inspirasi Pembelajar in Bukittinggi. This research employs a quantitative method with a correlational approach. The analysis technique used is Pearson Product Moment. The sample consists of all teachers in inclusive schools at the Yayasan Inspirasi Pembelajar in Bukittinggi, totaling 54 individuals, obtained through total population sampling. Data collection was conducted using the Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale and the Dispositional Resilience Scale: A Short Hardiness Scale. The results indicate a significant relationship between teacher efficacy and hardiness among inclusive school teachers. The correlation analysis shows a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.322 with a significance value (p) of 0.018 (p < 0.05). This means that the higher the level of teacher efficacy, the higher the level of hardiness they possess. These findings suggest that enhancing teacher efficacy can contribute to increasing teacher hardiness, helping them manage stress in inclusive school teaching. Therefore, it is crucial for educational institutions to provide training and support to improve teacher efficacy and thus strengthen teacher resilience.

This research focuses on developing an interactive learning game, "Guess the Animal Picture," which utilizes augmented reality (AR) technology to help young children learn animal names in an engaging and effective manner. Traditional educational media, such as books or picture cards, often lack interactivity and fail to sustain children's attention over time. To address this issue, this study employs the 4D development method, which encompasses four stages: Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. In the Define stage, a needs analysis was conducted by examining early childhood education curricula, interviewing teachers, and observing challenges children face in learning animal names. The Design stage involved creating a game that integrates appealing visual elements, interactive sounds, and simple yet educational game mechanics, all enhanced by AR features that bring animals to life. During the Develop stage, a prototype was tested with a group of children to gather feedback, leading to further refinement of the game. Finally, in the Disseminate stage, the game was distributed to schools and early childhood education institutions, with training provided to teachers to optimize the game's use in educational settings. The results indicate that the "Guess the Animal Picture" game significantly improves children's ability to recognize and name animals while boosting their motivation to learn. Teachers and parents provided positive feedback, appreciating the game as an interactive and valuable learning tool. The study concludes that interactive, technology-based learning games, especially those incorporating AR, offer an effective solution for delivering a more engaging and efficient learning experience to young children

Cinderella complexare women who continue to be psychologically dependent, where women aim to ask for protection from other people, especially men. One of the impacts that occurs is authoritarian parenting. The aim of the researchers is to provide information about one way to reduce the Cinderella complex. The method used is the literature study method, this researcher obtained data sources from various types of literature regarding the Cinderella complex, from this literature discussing the background and problems regarding the Cinderella complex. The study used international and national journals from the journal publication years 2017-2024. The researcher did not collect literature regularly, but did it randomly and searched through the Google database and Google Scholar, the writing also used various keywords to get relevant topics, apart from that the researcher also checked the reference list to look for relevant library sources. was found. The results regarding the behavioral tendencies of the Cinderella complex often view themselves as someone who has deficiencies both mentally, physically and intelligently, making it difficult to be productive. Women who experience the Cinderella complex want help from someone, especially men as a supporter, as well as the presence of men. Men can entertain when women are unable and can be an economic resource in the future.

This research aims to delve into the role of basketball in improving physical fitness through a literature review method. Literature analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of basketball's physical activity on aspects of physical health, cardiovascular health, as well as social and psychological aspects of players. Findings from scientific literature indicate that basketball contributes positively to the comprehensive development of strength, speed, and agility. Moreover, the intensity of the game has proven to influence increased heart rate and lung capacity, supporting optimal cardiovascular health. Social and psychological aspects also became a focal point, revealing that team interaction, game strategies, and collective responsibility can enrich players' experiences and potentially enhance their psychological well-being. Meanwhile, the integration of technology in basketball training offers innovative and effective methods to enhance training effectiveness and optimize skill development. The conclusion of this research indicates that basketball is not just a sport but a holistic means to improve physical fitness and overall well-being. As a recommendation, it is suggested that educational institutions and communities consider integrating basketball into their fitness programs and enhance the use of technology to support effectiveness. These conclusions and recommendations are expected to serve as a foundation for the development of more relevant and results-oriented fitness programs.

Reading is an important activity to develop insight, knowledge and critical thinking skills. Therefore, schools should organize literacy activities to increase interest in reading. Digital literacy is the ability to understand and use information from various digital sources and use technology and information from digital devices in various situations. The aim of this research is to develop an effective strategy for integrating technology in literacy promotion, to motivate the digital generation to read. The research technique is a qualitative method, with a case study approach, the research subjects are the digital generation, such as pupils, students and active social media users. The research object is the reading motivation of the digital generation and the integration of technology in the promotion of digital literacy. Assessment instruments (level of interest in reading, responsiveness, initiative to use technology in reading, and participation). The data collection techniques used are participant observation sheets to observe how the digital generation uses technology in reading, and document analysis to study existing digital literacy programs and how they integrate technology.

The use of augmented reality (AR) in education has shown potential to improve primary school students' numeracy skills. However, AR research for elementary school geometry is still rare. This study aims to develop augmented reality (AR)-based interactive learning media using the assembler edu platform to improve students' numeracy literacy in geometry subjects. The development method uses ADDIE, the research stages include needs analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The needs analysis identified problems such as the lack of interactive learning materials and students' difficulties in understanding geometry material. At the design stage, the storyboard and flowchart are made using assembler applications. Media development is done by combining components such as materials, geometry images, animations, and music. Implementation is done through trials by material experts, media experts, and field practitioners, as well as small group and large group trials. The evaluation results show that the developed media has high validity with a percentage of 92% from material experts and 88% from media experts, as well as a significant increase in student numeracy literacy with the percentage of completeness increasing from 6.15% (pre-test) to 79.8% (post-test). With an N-Gain Score of 0.52, this media is proven effective and feasible to use as an additional learning resource.. Recommendations for future research include developing content for other topics, testing in different conditions, and improving interactive features.

This research aims to describe the development of young adults from a psychological perspective. This research uses literature review research, namely conducting library searches and research by reading various kinds of books, journals and other library publications related to the topic under study. Data analysis techniques used in this research is a content analysis method. Meanwhile, the data sources used are books and research journals. The results of this research are that early adulthood is also known as the transition from adolescence to adulthood, which occurs approximately between the ages of 20 and 40 years. The transition from dependence on others to independence, both in terms of economics, freedom of self-determination, and views of the future, as well as changes in physical, intellectual, social roles, psychology, and reproductive abilities. However, early adulthood is considered an immature age in terms of social relationships, because the busyness of pursuing a career, working, getting married, and involvement in activities outside the home decreases. As a result, early adult individuals will experience social isolation for the first time, this is known as a competitive crisis by Erickson.