ABSTRACT People often pay little attention to the impact of their charitable donations. Recent research has attempted to promote more effective giving by providing information about donation effectiveness. However, how people judge effectiveness remains unclear. This study examined whether high‐empathy conservation targets are perceived as more effective donation recipients. In two experiments, participants viewed advertisements for endangered species that varied in their empathic appeal. Study 1 ( N = 200) revealed that empathy toward the target was linked to perceived donation effectiveness. Moreover, this empathy–effectiveness link persisted even when participants were encouraged to deliberate, as confirmed in Study 2 ( N = 400). These findings suggest that people often base their judgments of effectiveness on how much empathy they feel toward the target, emphasizing the importance of interventions that foster empathy when promoting effective giving.

ABSTRACT Social decisions occur across various contexts, and this review highlights how an individual's social status can influence these decisions. We summarize psychological research on the impact of social status on decision making and propose extending the theoretical framework known as the Social Status Framework, to include considerations of how status shapes trust and punishment. We begin by defining the concept of social status and then examine its influence on two key areas of social interactions: punishment and trust. Additionally, we discuss the potential interactions between social status and other social identity characteristics within these dynamics. Finally, we propose promising directions for future research to explore the complex relationships between social status and decision making, specifically trust and punishment, across diverse contexts and among different populations.

ABSTRACT Collective environmental sustainability depends, in part, on individuals acting pro‐environmentally. Individual environmental behaviors have social consequences as well as an environmental consequence. These behaviors signal who a person is and how a person wants to be seen by others. People anticipate that their actions will have social meaning to others, and this meaning is magnified when the behavior is socially visible to others. Research in fields such as environmental psychology and consumer behavior have both measured and manipulated social visibility, and yet there is no theoretical framework to organize this literature. We propose that social visibility will impact environmental action depending on characteristics of the actor (e.g., identity, social status), the behavior (e.g., conspicuousness, costliness), and the observer (e.g., social closeness, perceived identity). With this framework, we seek to understand when and why being seen and not seen while engaging in environmental action influences both the performance of the action, its meaning to the self, and the action's perceived meaning to others. We also identify methodological practices that are informed by this theoretical framework, and future areas of research that hold promise for practitioners and researchers to more effectively use visibility to promote environmental behaviors.

ABSTRACT Psychological crowds of people gather to watch live events, perform religious rituals with fellow pilgrims, protest injustices, and provide support in emergencies. A growing area of research has explored how the relations and interactions between crowd members shape their perceptions and behaviour at the events. However, a comparatively under researched area within crowd psychology is how the experiences and behaviour of people in those crowds are shaped by their relations and interactions with safety personnel. Here, we examine the contributions and areas for development of research into intergroup relations between crowd members and safety personnel, focusing on how these interactions affect crowd members' enjoyment of events, felt safety, and behaviour. We explore how these processes manifest across a range of crowd contexts: religious mass gatherings and live event performances, organised protest marches and other direct‐action events, and emergencies. Throughout, we spotlight areas for future research to enhance our understanding of relations between crowd members and safety personnel, and routes to improve safety and positive experiences at crowd events.

ABSTRACT Childhood and adolescence are critical periods for shaping habits, behaviors, and identities, and parents play a vital role for positive development in these years. Positive parenting during these years leads to long‐term benefits, ultimately promoting healthier societies. Refugee youth face heightened risks of negative emotional, social, and mental health outcomes due to the adversities in refugee contexts. Supporting refugee parents through targeted interventions can mitigate these risks, empowering youth to become resilient adults and contributing members of their communities. This paper examines the factors that would promote the effectiveness of parenting interventions in refugee contexts and suggests future directions for parenting interventions. Since parenting in refugee camps is uniquely challenging, comprehensive support systems to help parents is required. Research highlights the importance of comprehensive parenting programs that enhance knowledge, skills, cognitions, and mental health of parents. Group‐based and longer‐term interventions are suggested to be particularly effective, fostering lasting social support networks. Effective parenting interventions must also address basic needs including nutrition, safety, and financial security to create the stability necessary for positive parenting practices. Despite these promising outcomes, more research is needed to assess the cultural relevance and long‐term effectiveness of these programs, especially in refugee camp settings. Moreover, potential new venues like intervening on promoting post‐traumatic growth within different refugee settings as well as using digital tools to establish and sustain parenting intervention programs shall be examined. This paper provides potential new venues for research and interventions in refugee contexts.

ABSTRACT We use “mind” in language on a regular basis. But what does it mean to have a mind? Within moral psychology, mind perception refers to the act of ascribing a mind, characterized in terms of mental and emotional capacities, to others. As the U.S. becomes increasingly diverse, we are interested in how people conceptualize minds, and how their conceptions of the mind affect how they treat individuals from diverse social groups. However, research to date takes an “identity‐neutral” approach to mind perception in that it overlooks the identities of perceivers and the target characters they are perceiving. In this paper, we draw on moral psychology research on mind perception, developmental and intergroup psychology, intersectional and critical perspectives, and consciousness theory to argue for the need to include identity in mind perception work. In doing so, we outline the theoretical and practical benefits of nuancing current mind perception research to include identity. Finally, we provide three concrete strategies to include identity in research on mind perception, organized by their potential to inform work that could make strong theoretical contributions. Thus, we aim to provide a framework for how researchers can build rigorous models of mind perception that are representative of an increasingly diverse society.

No abstract is available for this article.

ABSTRACT A growing literature identifies political polarization as a risk factor adversely shaping public health outcomes. We propose that this relationship can be understood through theories of group processes and behavioral decision‐making. To explain the effects of polarization on public health, we review and integrate classic models from these traditions. Guided by this framework, we review evidence suggesting that identity‐based motives can shape people's attitudes toward health behaviors, social norms about the behavior, and the perceived ability to control the behavior. This integrative review helps explain divergent patterns of health behaviors across political groups but can also generalize to explain group influences on health behaviors more broadly. We argue that to fully understand the role of social contexts in shaping human health, it is critical to investigate how group identification shapes people's actions.