This research investigates the determinants of labor migration in Sumatera Island, focusing on per capita income, provincial minimum wage, unemployment, and education level using a panel data method with quantitative analysis. The study utilizes Labor Migration as the dependent variable and Per Capita Income, Provincial Minimum Wage, Unemployment, and Education Level as the independent variables. The research focuses on provinces across Sumatra Island, including Aceh, Riau, Bengkulu, Jambi, West Sumatra, North Sumatra, Lampung, South Sumatra, Riau Islands, and Bangka Belitung. The period selected in this study is from 2017 to 2021. The panel data regression model selected for analysis is the random effect model. The estimation results reveal that provincial minimum wages significantly influence Indonesian Labor Migration, while other variables show no significant impact. This finding is further supported by the observation that even in provinces with slightly higher minimum wages, such as Riau and West Sumatra, average wages may not ensure sufficient financial stability for individuals and their families. Consequently, the allure of higher wages in the international labor market becomes a compelling factor for many workers from Sumatra Island, driving them to seek employment opportunities overseas.
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