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Influence of Bust Size and Waist Circumference on Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Voltage Index in Blacks Africans

Background: Several studies have investigated on relationship between anthropometric characteristics andelectrocardiographic left ventricular mass (LVM). These studies, performed mainly in Caucasians, have mostlyfocused on influence of body mass index on left ventricular voltage indices (LVVI), and rarely on bust size and/or waist circumference.Aim: To determine influence of bust size and waist circumference on LVVI in healthy sedentary people of blackAfrican origin.Method: Experimental, prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study including 66 volunteers (20 women) aged 18to 35 years. They were received in morning on empty stomach. Bust size and waist circumference were measuredwith tape measure. Standard electrocardiogram was performed at rest. R and S wave amplitude and QRScomplex duration were measured. Sokolow-Lyon, R in aVL, Cornell and Cornell product indexes were calculated.Correlation was sought between each LVVI and anthropometric characteristics studied.Results: Bust size and waist circumference were positively correlated with LVVI. Correlation with bust size wasstatistically significant for all LVVI except for R in aVL index, while for waist circumference it was only significantwith R in aVL index.Conclusion: This study confirms relationship between anthropometric characteristics and LVVI. Therefore,interpretation of LVM anomalies from LVVI should also take into consideration morphotype of each individual.

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Comparative Study of Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization and Massage on Neck Pain

Objective: This review article aims to compare and analyse the effect of Instrument Assisted soft tissue mobilizationand massage on neck pain.Methods: This review analysed two databases i.e. (PubMed, google scholar), and extracted the studies of neckpain. Article published in the English language were included in the studies from 2016 to 2023. 10 studies wereincluded in this review. Outcome measures used neck pain intensity, and neck disability, and secondary outcomesmeasure were quality of life (QOL), neck range of motion (ROM), visual analogue scale(VAS).Result: Ten studies on 328 patients with neck pain comparing IASTM with Massage were included. Finding ofthe studies demonstrated that both IASTM and massage treatment were efficient in lowering neck discomfort andenhancing neck range of motion. IASTM showed significant improvement as compared to massage treatment interms of minimising discomfort and enhancing neck mobility.(p=0.05, p=0.001)Conclusion: It can be inferred from the comparative study of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation (IASTM)and massage on neck pain that both treatments are efficient in easing discomfort and enhancing range of motion insufferers of neck pain. IASTM was significant to massage in terms of relieving pain and enhancing neck mobility.But it’s crucial to remember that each intervention has its own distinct advantages and could be a better choice forsome people depending on their requirements and preferences.

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Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk among Carpenter Cabinetmakers in the Dakar Region: Study of Vascular Function and Heart Rate Variability

Background: Contemporary concerns recognize atmospheric air pollution as a significant contributor tocardiovascular diseases. Notably, wood dust, colloquially known as sawdust, emerges as a source of air pollution.Our investigation sought to assess the impact of wood dust on the cardiovascular health of carpenters in the Dakarregion.Methods: This cross-sectional study encompassed one hundred (100) carpenters in the Dakar region. Acomprehensive questionnaire gathered data on socio-demographic features, professional experience, medicalhistory, preventive measures, and lifestyle habits. Vascular function assessment involved determining finger-toepulse wave velocity (ft-PWV) using a popmeter. Additionally, we screened for obliterative arteriopathy of thelower limbs (OALL). Heart rate variability measurement provided insights into the sympatho-vagal balanceof nervous control over cardiac activity.Results: The average age in our population was 38 ±7.2 years, with a body mass index of 22.7 ±2.8 kg/m2. A majority(69%) worked an average of 10.2 hours per day for six days per week. Approximately 73% of the shops were observedto be enclosed. Respiratory and ocular symptoms were prevalent among participants. Analysis using the Pop meterrevealed arterial stiffness (ft-PWV>10 m/s) in 3% of participants, and 11% exhibited arterial hypertension.OALL was present in 8% of participants. Furthermore, a positive correlation (P=0.003; r=0.581) between ft-PWVVand mean arterial pressure was noted. Data on cardiac variability indicated a substantial proportion of participantsdisplaying decreased tone in the cardiac-parasympathetic nervous system in the supine position (94.73% hadRMSSD values above norms). Notably, abnormal activation of the parasympathetic system (HF) and decreasedsympathetic system activity (low values for HF, LF, and LF/HF compared with norms) were observed in theorthostatic position.
 Conclusion: Carpentry work in environments with elevated air pollution, potentially emanating from wooddust, poses inhalation risks for workers. The inhalation of wood dust appears linked to an increased risk andexacerbation of cardiovascular complications.

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Evaluation of Masticatory Function of Senegalese Patients for Removable Partial Dentures Wearers with Distal Extension Edentulism

Background/Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the masticatory function of subjects wearing a metalpartial denture restoring Kennedy’s class I and II edentulism and to compare them with a control group.Methods. The evaluation included 68 patients (33 wearers of removable partial metal denture restoring terminaledentulism and 35 dentate control subjects without appliances). Peanut and raw carrot were used as test foods.Video recordings were used to collect values for the number of chewing cycles and chewing times. After passingthrough the calibrated sieves, a “Mastica” input mask was used to record the average particle size of the chews(D50).Results. In the 33 subjects with removable partial denture (RPD), 82% of whom had Kennedy class I edentulismand 18% had class II edentulism. Among them, 54.5% were women and 45.5% were men. The age group 46-71years was predominantly represented in this study with 75.7%. The subjects who had worn their prostheses for6 months were in the majority with 57.57% of the population. Concerning the length of edentulism (LE), 42.4%had a small LE, 39.4% a medium LE and 18.2% a large LE For both test foods, the number of chewing cycles wastwice as high with RDP wearers compared to the control subjects. For the duration of the sequence, subjectswith RDP performed twice as long for the carrot and three times as long for the peanut to make the food suitablefor swallowing. The average D50 of RDP subjects was similar to that of the control subjects, i.e. 1.90 mm ± 0.19(D50 peanut control: 1.93 ± 0.5) and 1.74 mm ± 0.36 (D50 carrot control: 1.79 mm ± 0.44) for peanut and carrotrespectively.Conclusion. This study revealed that subjects with RPD restoring distal extension edentulism had efficientcompensatory chewing with a greater number and time of chewing sequences than randomly selected normodentsubjects. The comparative analysis between the chewing kinetic parameters of the RPD wearers and controlsubjects was statistically significant.

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Effect of Smoking Cessation on Vascular Function by Measurement the Flow-Mediated Dilation: A Comparative Study

Smoking predisposes to endothelial dysfunction; however smoking cessation would have a beneficial effect oncardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking cessation on vascular function.Methods: This is a comparative, prospective, descriptive, and multicenter study, carried out between March 2018and April 2021 at two Health Services of the National Gendarmerie and at the Laboratory of Physiology andFunctional Explorations of the Faculty of Medicine in Dakar, Senegal. The population included 45 consenting adultmen, divided into 3 groups: active smokers, weaned smokers, and non-smokers. We assessed vascular functionusing the Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD) technique, which consisted of measuring the diameter of the humeralartery at rest and then every 30 seconds after its occlusion.Results: Non-smokers showed better humeral artery dilation at T1 (30 seconds after occlusion release) with ahigher mean FMD than the other 2 groups (p = 0.0007). In addition, FMD kinetics showed that control subjects aswell as weaned subjects had better arterial compliance (p < 0.05) compared to active smokers. FMD1 values werepositively correlated with smoking cessation duration (p = 0.0411; R2 = 0.3374).Conclusion: Our results showed that stopping smoking improves vascular function and thus constitutes ameans of preventing cardiovascular diseases, hence the need to promote smoking cessation in Africa and moreparticularly in Senegal.

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The Effect of Ethanoic Extract of Tetrapleuratetraptera (Uyayak) on Pain Sensitivity of Female Wistar Rats

Background: In African traditional medicine, the dried pods of Tetrapleura tetraptera are frequently used tomanage different human ailments. In Nigeria, it is consumed in soups after childbirth to aid in wound healing,pain relief, uterine recovery, and lactation. The study investigates the impact of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit extracton pain sensitivity using Wistar rats.Methods: Twelve female Wistar rats were divided into two groups (Group 1 - Control and Group 2 -100mg/kg Tetrapleura tetraptera extract-fed) and received standard rat chow and water for fourteen days followingwhich pain sensitivity was assessed using a hot plate. The results were presented as Mean and IndependentStudent T-test was utilized for statistical analysis with significance determined at P≤0.05. Increased pain toleranceindicated reduced sensitivity.The escape latencies of both groups were 5secs and 10secs respectively. Group 2 demonstrated a noteworthyincrease in pain tolerance compared to Group 1 (P < 0.05). analgesic This experimental study indicates that theethanoic extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera fruit has properties.Conclusion: The result of this study provides support for the use of dried Tetrapleura tetraptera pods in painmanagement across some communities in Southern Nigeria.

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