The purpose of this study was to determine the real effect of coffee grounds on the growth and yield of caisim (Brassica chinensis L.) and to determine the appropriate dose of coffee grounds to increase the growth and maximum yield of caisim (Brassica chinensis L.). This research was conducted from April 2022 to May 2022 at the Peat Techno Park (PTP) University of Palangka Raya. This study used an environmental design, namely Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were Control (P0), 20 g (P1), 40 g (P2), 60 g (P3), 80 (P4). The parameters used in this study were plant height, number of leaves, year width, crown weight and root weight. From the observations obtained, it was analyzed to determine the real effect of the treatment using analysis of variance (F test) at the level of α = 5% and 1%. Data analysis will be continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at α = 5% to determine the significant difference between treatment levels. The treatment of coffee grounds significantly affected the height, number of leaves, leaf area, top crown weight and root weight of caisim plants. Giving 20 g of coffee grounds gave optimum results on the growth and yield of caisim plants.

"Plastic Flower" (Xerochrysum bracteatum) belongs to the Chrysanthemum family. This flower is obtained from the wilderness so it takes effort to develop it. One way to develop it is to apply the provision of organic nutrients sourced from coffee grounds waste. Coffee grounds waste is beneficial for plants to increase their intake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The aims of the research: 1) to find out the effectiveness of coffee grounds on "Plastic Flower" cuttings; 2) the best type of coffee grounds for growth and cuttings "Plastic Flowers". The research design was a randomized block design consisting of K0 = without coffee grounds (control); K1 = Local coffee grounds, K2 = Kapal Api coffee grounds, K3 = Garuda coffee grounds, K4 = Uang Mas coffee grounds, K5 = Mocca ABC coffee grounds, repeated 5 times. Conclusion: 1) Coffee grounds have a significant effect on the number of shoots aged 4 MST and 6 MST; number of leaves aged 6 MST and 8 MST; live cuttings; rooted cuttings; root length; root fresh weight; The root dry weight of "Bunga Plastik" cuttings and the best type of coffee grounds for the growth and development of cuttings is local Wamena coffee grounds (K4).

Peatland is a specific ecosystem that is always waterlogged and has multiple functions, including economic, hydrological, environmental, cultural, and biodiversity functions. Existing peatlands, especially in Central Kalimantan, have great biodiversity potential. This potential provides benefits for people living in peat areas. This diversity of biodiversity has the potential of medicinal plants that have not been maximally explored. Therefore, through this activity, data will be obtained regarding the types and potential of medicinal plants in inland peat areas, which will facilitate their management. This research activity was carried out in the “Handak Maju” IUPHKm area for 3 (three) months, from July – September 2022. The implementation method is carried out through survey activities and field observations and carrying out of the Focus Group Discussions, as well as related literature studies. Based on the results of the survey conducted, it was found that several types of medicinal plants have the potential to be developed and preserved. According to Zuhud (1991) that medicinal plants are plants whose plant parts (leaves, stems or roots) have medicinal properties and are used as raw materials in the manufacture of modern and traditional medicines. It was further revealed that, medicinal plants are still not widely cultivated. However, the advantages of treatment using traditional medicinal plant ingredients are generally considered safer than the use of modern medicine. This is because traditional medicine has relatively fewer side effects than modern medicine.

There are several ways of cultivating crops that are applied by the community, namely: monoculture, insertion and agroforestry. Differences in the application and management of cropping patterns and the types of plants planted will have a different effect on microbes in the rhizosphere, especially fungi as biological agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of fungal biological agents found in the rhizosphere of several plants with different cropping patterns on peatlands. The location of the samples was determined purposively with insert cropping patterns (mustard-sweet corn), mono-culture (sweet corn) and agroforestry (jelutung-soursop). Testing the inhibition of biological agent fungi against Sclerotium rolfsii used a completely randomized design consisting of 7 treatments with 3 replications. The exploration results obtained 7 isolates of biologically active fungi that could inhibit S. rolfsii. The highest inhibition was shown by isolates JSk1 (origin from the rhizosphere of soursop plants), isolates J (origin from the rhizosphere of sweet corn) and JS1 (origin of the rhizosphere of mustard greens). JSk1 and J isolates had an inhibition close to 60%. The results of the identification of JSk1 isolates were the fungus Gliocladium sp1, isolate J the fungus Trichoderma harzianum with competitive inhibitory mechanisms, mycoparasites, antibiosis causing host hyphae to experience malformation, lysis and destruction.

Weed is one of the major problems in immature oil palm plantations. Weed control is carried out to optimize the growth of oil palm plants, and the method commonly used in the field is chemical control with herbicides. The active ingredient of the herbicide used in the field is triclopyr, however herbicide application is thought to affect the diversity of insects, especially those found in lower vegetation, at the same time it is necessary to observe the effect of herbicide application on insect diversity. This study aims to obtain an effective dose of herbicide to control weeds in immature oil palm plants and to determine the effect of herbicide application on insect diversity. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consisted of 6 treatments and 4 replications. Triclopyr herbicide treatment doses were 864 g.ha-1, 768 g/ha, 672 g.ha-1, 576 g.ha-1, mechanical weeding and control. Insect sampling method uses insect nets and pitfall traps. The data obtained were analyzed using variance or F test at 5% level and further test was carried out by DMRT at 5% level. The results showed that the best dose of herbicide triclopir was 768 g/ha because it was effective in controlling the weeds of Borreria latifolia, Calopogonium mucunoides and Asystasia gangetica. Triclopyr herbicide application affects the diversity of insects and the even distribution of insects.

The purpose of this experiment was to study the growth and yield of pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) the giving of coconut shell biochar on peat land. This research was conducted from June to August 2022. This research was conducted in a plastic house located on Jl. Haka, Panarung Village, Pahandut District, Central Kalimantan. This study used Randomized Compete Design (RCD) of single factor that was coconut shell biochar consisting of 5 levels of treatment namely B0 (0 ton ha-1), B1 (4 ton ha-1), B2 (6 ton ha-1), B3 (8 ton ha-1), and B4 (10 ton ha-1). The results showed that the application of coconut shell biochar had a significant effect on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants on peat land. Application coconut shell biochar dose of B4 = 10 ton ha-1 (113.6 g. polybag-1) was the best treatment for the growth and yield of pakcoy plants on peat land with an average plant fresh weight of 91.92 g-1.

ABSTRACT
 
 Cauliflower are very useful for humans, and have high economic value, but their production in Central Kalimantan is still low because they are grown on utisol soils with low fertility. Therefore, optimal management is needed in order to produce well. This study aims to determine the response of cauliflower plants to the application of Multi KP compound fertilizer and determine the optimal dose of fertilizer for growth and yield of flower cabbage plants. Using a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, namely the application of Multi KP fertilizer with doses of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g plants. 1 . The results showed that the dose of Multi KP fertilizer was 4 g plant-1, the best growth and yield were obtained, namely the plants were able to grow taller, the number of leaves was more, and the cauliflower weight was 320 g per plant.
 

This study was conducted to examine the utilization of solid waste oil palm and SP-36 on the growth and yield of cayenne pepper on spodosols. This experiment used a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 treatment factors and 3 replication. The first factor is the provision of solid palm oil consisting of 4 (four) levels, namely without the provision of solid palm oil, 10 ton.ha-1, 20 ton ha-1, and 30 ton ha-1 solid palm oil. The second factor is the administration of SP-36 consisting of 4 (four) levels, namely : without giving SP-36, 100 kg ha-1, 200 kg ha-1 and 300 kg ha-1 SP-36. The variables observed were plant height, number of flowers plant-1, shoot/root ratio, dry weight plant-1, and fresh weight of fruit plant-1. The results showed that there was an interaction effect between oil palm solids and SP-36 on plant height, number of flowers, and fresh fruit weight of plant-1 on spodosol soil. The combination of solid oil palm 20 tons ha-1 and SP-36 200 kg ha-1 was the best combination in increasing the growth and yield of cayenne pepper on spodosols and produced the heaviest fresh fruit weight plant-1, which was 68,33 g plant-1.

This study was aimed to detect and identify seed-borne pathogenic fungi in six local rice varieties of Siam Unus, Karangdukuh, Mayang, Gumpal Kuning, Gumpal Putih, and Siam Arjuna in Kapuas Regency. In addition, the objective of this study was also to determine the effect of seed pathogens on the physiological quality and the percentage of infected seeds.
 The research location was at the Agricultural Cultivation Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Palangka Raya, and the study was carried out from September 2020 to February 2021. Seed health testing used the filter method (blotter test), isolation and identification of seed-borne pathogenic fungi using the agar method. The variables observed included macroscopic morphology of pathogens in petri dishes and microscopic evaluation using a compound microscope, seed germination, percentage of infected seeds, frequency of microorganism findings and pathogenicity tests on seed germination.
 Based on the results of the study, the identified pathogenic fungi carried by local varieties of rice seeds in Kapuas district were Aspergillus spp., A. flavus, A. niger, Curvularia sp. and Oidium sp., however these pathogens did not affect seed germination. The highest numbers of microorganisms observed on the agar method was Aspergillus spp. (37.5%), followed by Curvularia sp. (29%), whereas in the blotter test method the frequency of the fungus Curvularia sp. only 5.6%. The frequency of finding A. flavus and A. niger on the agar method was lower at 21.8%, while the fungus Oidium sp. was detected in very low percentage for only 0.9%. The pathogenic fungus Oidium sp. showed the highest level of pathogenicity in seeds reaching 21.7%, while the pathogenic A. niger, Curvularia sp. and A. flavus showed a lower infection rate, at 13.9% to 17.8% respectively. These pathogenic fungi might cause the seeds to not germinate normally such as leading to necrosis of the hypocotyl and plumules, stunted germination growth, and death of seed germination.
 Keywords: Detection, identification, seed-borne pathogens, local rice varieties, Kapuas

ABSTRACT
 Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella) can attack the shoots and leaves of plants belonging to the Cruciferae family (cabbage, mustard greens, caisin) from seedling to harvesting. The part of the plant that it attacks is the leaf with symptoms of holes. In general, in controlling pests, farmers always partner with chemical insecticides, while in the concept of integrated pest management (IPM), the use of chemical insecticides is the last alternative. To overcome this, pest control is directed to the use of plants as botanical insecticides. From the research, it was found that 9 types of swamp plants had a value of 84.00% that killed the tritip caterpillar, and 3 types that killed 81-82%. The LD50 value of the caterpillar in 10 swamp plant species was classified as moderately toxic (Galam, Cambai Karuk, Gandarusa grass, Pegagan grass, Tawar, Tegari, Melinjo, Kipahit, Maja and Tapak Liman), and 3 other types of swamp plants were mildly toxic ( Jingah, Bidara and Tanduk Rusa). Thus, it is necessary to preserve swamp wild plants so that these plants do not become extinct.
 
 Keywords: Plutella xylostella, swamp plant, botanical insecticide,