Introduction: Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) play a role in regulating organogenesis and morphogenesis in shoots, roots, and callus formation. Color spectrum of light is one of the quality light factors that affects plant physiological processes. This study aimed to determine the effect of cytokinin and auxin on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium and light on callus induction and proliferation of porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume.) var. Madiun1. Methods: This study used completely randomized design, with the first factor was PGRs (combination auxin and cytokinin) and the second was color spectrum of light (white light, blue light, and its combination) during incubation. Variables observed were emergence time, color, texture, structure and calli growth, also shoots emerging from calli. Results: The results showed an interaction between PGRs with a combination of light color spectrum on callus growth. The fastest callus growth occurred in combination 5.0 mg.l-1 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP) with 0.2 mg.l-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) which was incubated in a combination of white and blue light for 16 hour irradiation. The combination 5.0 mg.l-1 BAP with 0.2 mg.l-1 NAA was able to induce callus emergence time, and the shoots appearing were faster, whereas combination of white and blue light was able to accelerate callus emergence from bulbil and adventitious shoots emergence. Conclusion: The combination of white and blue light color spectrum for 16 hours irradiation can accelerate callus emergence from bulbil and adventitious shoots emerging from calli, and interaction with combination of 5.0 mg.l-1 BAP and 0.2 mg.l-1 NAA can accelerate porang’s callus growth.

Introduction: Analog rice is a functional food made from part or all of non-rice ingredients consumed like eating rice in general. One of the analog rice that is widely consumed is corn rice. Consumption of corn rice has become a culture of the people of Gorontalo. The aims of this study were to (1) determine the attributes that influence the purchase decision of corn analog rice in Gorontalo City and (2) analyze consumer attitudes towards the attributes of corn analog rice in Gorontalo City. Method: The research was conducted at the Gorontalo City Central Market, with a total sample of 65 respondents who were selected by accidental sampling. Data analysis used descriptive analysis by making a frequency distribution table to determine the attributes that influence the purchase decision of corn analog rice in Gorontalo City. Multiattribute Fishbein analysis was used to analyze consumer attitudes towards the attributes of corn analog rice. Result: The results showed that the rice analogue of corn that respondents liked was rice with small/fine grain, yellow in color, aromatic, free from dregs, and cheap. After being cooked into rice has a sweet rice taste and fluffier texture. The results of the Fishbein Multi-attribute analysis showed that the quality of rice was ranked first with a score of 20,10 points, followed by the color of the rice with a score of 18,49 points. Conclusion: Attributes that influence the purchase decision of corn analog rice in Gorontalo City include the shape of rice grains, the taste of corn rice, the texture of corn rice, color, aroma, quality, and price of rice. Fishbein's multi-attribute analysis shows that the attributes of quality and color of corn rice are the most important considerations in purchasing corn analog rice.

Introduction: The development of smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java is the development of local community-based tourism destinations. The development was ideal if there was an increase in community participation, an increase in the local economy, and a contribution to conservation. However, in the initial study, there were several problems that caused smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java to lack competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the key factors that can be used as a reference in the right strategy in developing smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java. Methods: This study uses mixed methods using qualitative and quantitative data. Data analysis using Prospective Analysis with the contribution of the experts Results: The results showed that there were 29 factors that influenced the development of smallholder coffee agro-tourism in East Java. After conducting a prospective analysis, there are 17 key factors that become a reference in determining the development strategy. These factors include (1) product management with environmental and health principles, (2) land ownership status, (3) products sold by farmers, (4) community relations, (5) coffee plant care, (6) product prices, (7) transparency of product prices, (8) monitoring and evaluation, (9) opportunities to get jobs, (10) variety of tour packages, (11) conditions of socio-cultural objects, (12) local cultural conditions of coffee plantation communities, (13 ) fair wages for coffee farmers and the community, (14) agro-tourism management reports, (15) availability of souvenir shops, (16) coffee distribution system, and (17) coffee agro-tourism legality. Conclusion: The implementation of this strategy can be carried out by synergies and collaborations between tourism stakeholders consisting of village governments, the tourism industry, universities, non-governmental organizations, and the media.

Introduction: Soybean is one of the main sources of vegetable protein. Seventy percent of the soybean needs in Indonesia is still imported, due to the low crop productivity and the declining area of soybean planting. Sonic bloom technology is an alternative to increase soybean productivity. This study aims to determine the pattern of the relationship between foliar fertilization intervals in the use of sonic bloom technology with soybean varieties. Method: The research used a factorial experiment using a randomized block design (RBD). The first factor is the interval of using sonic bloom, I5: 5-day interval, I10: 10-day interval, and I15: once every 15 days. The second factor was soybean varieties, VA: Anjasmoro, VD: Dega-1, and VM: Mallika (black soybean). The data obtained were analyzed for Analysis of Variance with the Fα = 0.05 test followed by the 5% Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test and correlation regression analysis.The results showed that different soybean varieties have different responses to plant length, number of leaves and leaf area at different intervals of sonic bloom exposure. Result: Soybean plants with thicker hairs (trichomes) such as the Dega-1 variety require the use of sonic bloom technology with shorter intervals compared to varieties with sparse hairs such as Anjasmoro and Mallika black soybeans. Conclusion: The use of sonic bloom technology was able to increase the productivity of soybean varieties Anjasmoro, Mallika and Dega-1 each by 68.3%; 48.3% and 10.5%.

Introduction: Soybean cultivation is inseparable from the attack of plant pests. Control of soybean pests, which generally use synthetic pesticides, negatively impacts food products, environmental health, and ecosystem sustainability. Planting flowering plants around bunds can be useful in increasing the diversity of natural enemies because they can attract and serve as microhabitats for natural enemies. This research to obtain the effect of refugia treatment and soybean spacing on the diversity of natural enemies in soybean plantations. Methods: The study was designed in randomized block design, consisting of refugia and non-refugia treatments and plant spacing of 40 cm x 25 cm (J1) and 50 cm x 25 cm (J2), which was repeated three times. Sampling was carried out in the vegetative and generative phases, using yellow traps and pitfalls installed in the field for 24 hours. Results: The results showed that the most trapped natural enemy families were in the refugia treatment. The total number of trapped natural enemies was highest in the vegetative and generative phases, namely in the refugia and 2 spacing treatments (R-J2). The family of Braconidae order Hymenoptera and the group of parasitoids had the highest numbers in the refugia and non-refugia treatments. The value of the Diversity Index (H') in the refugia treatment and both plant spacings in the two growth phases was moderate, while in the non-refugia treatment, the two plant spacings and both growth phases were small and medium. Generally, the evenness index (D) value for all treatments is known to be small and medium. Conclusion: Refugia treatment and plant spacing affect the number of natural enemy populations, which is expected to suppress the development of pests in soybean cultivation.

Introduction: Prorocentrum sp. is one of the harmful algae genera that often grows in the aquatic ecosystems of vaname shrimp (L. vannamei) ponds. The purpose of this study was to determine the abundance and dynamics of the Prorocentrum sp. during the shrimp culture period of vaname shrimp (L. vannamei) in intensive ponds. Method: This research was conducted on 4 ponds with a size of 3,200 m2 and a stocking density of 120 fish/m2. The research variables observed were water quality parameters and Prorocentrum sp. which is carried out every 7 days during the shrimp cultivation periods. Result: Based on the results of study, the water quality parameters during the shrimp culture period tend to be stable, except for the water pH parameters which have relatively high afternoon pH fluctuations. Prorocentrum sp. genera during the shrimp culture period, the plankton genus was the most dominant compared to other genera of the Dinoflagellate class. The dynamics of the Prorocentrum sp. abundance on the intensive pond, there was a significant correlation between the solubility of TAN (Total Ammonia Nitrogen) content of 74.8% and the water temperature of 83.3%. Conclusion: The abundance dynamics of Prorocentrum sp. genera during aquaculture period of vaname shrimp (L. vannamei) fluctuated dynamically following the solubility trend of TAN (Total Ammonia Nitrogen) levels and water temperature flux in the pond ecosystem

Introduction: Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin are some of the many bioactive elements that are often used in functional food products. FOS and inulin compounds have various benefits that can be used as low-calorie food products and as raw materials for making fructose syrup. So that FOS and inulin compounds have the potential to be developed into functional drinks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of carbohydrates in functional drinks FOS and inulin, as well as to determine the level of preference or feasibility of a product so that it can be accepted by panelists (consumers). Method: The research was conducted in two stages. The first stage was the preliminary stage which includes the production of FOS with PDA solid media, extraction of inulin from dahlia tubers, and the formulation of FOS and inulin functional drinks. The second stage was the main research by conducting chemical quality characteristics in the form of reducing sugar content, fructose, sucrose, glucose, inulin, soluble fiber, and organoleptic tests. Results: Based on the observations, several characteristics of the carbohydrate quality of functional drinks based on FOS and inulin were obtained, namely reducing sugar levels ranging from 0.22 to 5.60%. Fructose and sucrose levels of functional drinks based on FOS and inulin ranged from 1-2%, while glucose levels were between 0.1-2%. The levels of inulin and soluble fiber in functional drinks based on FOS and inulin were 55-86% and 2-5%, respectively. Also, the pH value of functional drinks based on FOS and inulin ranged from 5-7. Conclusion: The results of the organoleptic test showed that the best functional drink based on FOS and inulin was in the AD treatment, namely the addition of 7 grams of inulin and 50 ml of fructooligosaccharides.

Introduction: This study aims to determine the growth and yield of melon plants in drip irrigation systems in conventional and hydroponic cultivation techniques. Method: The research was carried out in July – September 2022, on the Smart GreenHouse area of ​​the Jember State Polytechnic with an altitude of ± 89 meters above sea level and an air temperature of 22 – 32 °C. Parameters observed were plant height (cm), plant diameter (cm), number of leaves (strands), fruit weight per sample (kg), fruit brix content per sample (0brix), fruit diameter per sample (cm). Result: Based on the results the t-test recapitulation of the use of drip irrigation systems in conventional and hydroponic melon cultivation gave a significant effect on the observation of plant height at 2 – 6 WAP, plant diameter at 2 WAP and 3 WAP, number of leaves at 2 – 6 WAP, as well as giving effect on yield parameters, namely fruit weight, fruit brix content, and melon fruit diameter. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the use of drip irrigation systems in conventional and hydroponic melon cultivation has a significant effect on all plant parameters. However, it did not affect the parameters of plant diameter at the age of 4 - 6 WAP. The use of this drip irrigation system is well applied to the cultivation of melon plants with substrate hydroponic cultivation techniques using coco peat growing media.

Introduction: Biscuits are snacks made from flour and fat that are baked and have a long shelf life. Biscuits contain carbohydrates, fats and calories which are high but low in fiber, vitamins and minerals. This study aims to determine the proportion of the addition of purple sweet potato flour and elephant foot tuber flour to the best physicochemical and organoleptic properties of biscuits. Method: This method used in the study of purple sweet potato flour and elephant foot flour biscuits was a randomized block design with 5 treatment substitutions and 3 replications, resulting in 15 trials. Results:The best results for biscuits were in the P5 treatment (17.5% purple sweet potato flour : 12.5% elephant foot tuber flour) with the results of the physicochemical analysis of fracture strength of 13.07 N, antioxidant activity of 81.88 mg/ml, moisture content of 3.11%, ash content of 1.74% and organoleptic test of taste 4.00 (like), aroma 4.00 (like), color 2.88 (rather like) and texture 4.08 (like). Conclusion: Treatment substitution with the addition of purple sweet potato flour and elephant foot tuber flour had a significant effect on the parameters of breaking strength, antioxidant activity, moisture content, ash content, taste, color and texture. But it has no real effect on the flavor.

Introduction: The increase in the purse seine fishing fleet and the decline in tuna production will have an impact on the decline in CPUE (Catch Per Unit Effort) per year. The CPUE trend that continues to decline every year is feared to have a negative impact on fish resource stocks and even the tendency of overfishing. Therefore, to overcome the existing problems, an integrated approach to fisheries management is needed through the Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management (EAFM). This study aims to assess the status and formulate management actions for tuna fisheries based in the Pasongsongan Coastal Fishing Port (PPP), Sumenep Regency. Methods: The types and sources of data used in this research are primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through survey and observation methods. Interviews were conducted with 40 randomly selected purse seine fishermen respondents, as well as 1 employee of the Sumenep District Fisheries Office. Secondary data were collected through existing data such as tuna catch, number of trips, number of purse seine fleets, fish prices. Analysis was conducted through an indicator approach using the Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) approach. Results: The results of the analysis show that the institutional domain shows a very good status, while for the domains of fish resources, fishing techniques, and social with good status, then the economic domain has a moderate status. Conclusion: Based on these indicators, the management status of tuna resources based in the Pasongsongan Coastal Fishing Port is generally in good condition.