A adocao de definicoes claras e terminologias padronizadas nos estudos de comportamento animal sao fundamentais para facilitar as pesquisas, evitar problemas de comunicacao na comunidade cientifica e contribuir para a difusao de topicos restritos aos estudos academicos para a sociedade em geral. O comportamento denominado mobbing, em ingles, carece de um termo padrao que o traduza para os estudos de comportamento animal em portugues. Apos examinar a etimologia e os sentidos em que a palavra mobbing e usada, enumerar as principais caracteristicas desse tipo de comportamento nos diversos taxons nos quais ocorre, sugerir alguns termos para a traducao para o portugues e analisar as vantagens e desvantagens deles, este artigo propoe o uso da palavra “assedio” nos estudos em portugues, em substituicao ao termo mobbing. Palavras-chave: Assedio; mobbing; terminologia; comportamento animal; traducao. Clear definitions and standardized terminology in animal behavior studies have great significance in advancing research, avoiding misunderstandings in scientific communication, and helping the dissemination of subjects confined to academic studies to a broader audience. The behavior known as mobbing in English lacks a standard term to be used in animal behavior studies written in Portuguese. After examining mobbing’s etymology and meanings, enumerating the main characteristics of this behavior in the many taxa where it occurs, suggesting some Portuguese words for translation and analyzing arguments in favor of and against their use, this article proposes the use of the word “assedio” to characterize mobbing behavior in studies written in Portuguese.

In a fragment of Atlantic Forest in Eldorado, Mato Grosso do Sul, Central-West Region of Brazil, a juvenile tayra (Eira barbara) spontaneously approached the observer while he was coursing a trail alone. The animal walked in a normal pace and, upon reaching his boots, alternatingly sniffed them and receded afterwards, assuming a posture that much resembles the play bow, a play signal displayed almost exclusively by canids. This is a rare report of a free-living animal that sought interaction with a human in a non-agonistic manner, instead of avoiding it as expected. It may also be one of the few examples of interspecific play in the wild, in case the observed posture was indeed a play bow. Interactions between humans and other animals are usually observed in situations in which the animal is used to the presence of people and often obtains food from these interactions, or when humans are not recognized as threatening by the animal. None of these scenarios seem to explain the observed behavior; individual traits

Neste trabalho foi elaborado um etograma com base em observacoes comportamentais de seis carcaras (Caracara plancus), sendo quatro femeas e dois machos em cativeiro. As observacoes ocorreram no Parque dos Falcoes localizado na Serra de Itabaiana, Rio das Pedras, SE. A identificacao dos comportamentos foi realizada atraves do metodo ad libitum, com 12 horas diarias de observacao (5 as 17h) totalizando 96 horas de esforco amostral. Posteriormente foram realizadas observacoes por meio do metodo animal-focal, para o registro das frequencias e duracao dos comportamentos, que resultou em um total de 70 horas de esforco amostral. Durante a pesquisa foram observados e descritos 25 estados comportamentais agrupados em cinco categorias. Receberam uma descricao detalhada com esquematizacao, sendo os comportamentos de descanso os mais expressivos. Palavras-chave: Caracara plancus; carcara; cativeiro; comportamentos; etograma. In this paper an ethogram was produced based on behavioral observations of six southern caracaras (Caracara plancus), being four females and two males in captivity. Observations occurred in the Parque dos Falcoes, located in Serra de Itabaiana, Rio das Pedras, SE, Brazil. The identification of behaviors was performed using the method ad-libitum, with 12 hours of observation everyday (5h to 17h), totaling 96 hours of sampling effort. Subsequently observations were made by the method animal-focal, to record the frequency and duration of behaviors, resulting in a total sampling effort of 70 hours. During the research were observed and described 25 behavioral states grouped in five categories, which received detailed description with schematization, being the rest behaviors the most significant ones.

Theory of Mind (ToM) approaches the ability to understand the possibility that even if one individual thinks something, another individual may think it differently. ToM is essential to socialization and it is developed around the age of 5 years. Most studies on the subject were made with children from industrialized societies instead of being made with children from traditional ethnic societies. This study aims to provide ToM developmental data from a sample of indigenous ethnicity – Asurini ethnicity. A sample of 35 children aged 2-10 years took part in this research. They were individually presented to a standard false-content task. The results did not indicate that 5 years is a marker of ToM in all children, this ability was manifested in children with age of 3 (25%) to 9 years (67%), and in all participants aged 10. This variation could be related to typical environmental and ecological arrangements of the ethnicity. Palavras-chave: Theory of Mind; traditional ethnic societies; false-belief tasks. A Teoria da Mente (TdM) aborda a capacidade de entender a possibilidade de que mesmo se um individuo pensa alguma coisa, outro individuo pode pensar diferentemente. O desenvolvimento da TdM e essencial para a socializacao, o que se inicia em torno dos 5 anos. A maior parte dos estudos sobre o tema foi realizada com criancas de sociedades industrializadas ao inves criancas de sociedades etnicas tradicionais. O presente estudo teve por objetivo fornecer dados referentes ao desenvolvimento da TdM em uma etnia indigena brasileira – a Asurini. Trinta e cinco criancas com idades entre 2 e 10 anos participaram de uma tarefa de falsa crenca. Os resultados nao indicaram que 5 anos e um marcador da TdM em todas as criancas, habilidade que se manifestou em criancas entre 3 (25%) a 9 anos (67%) e em todos os participantes de 10 anos. Essa