The decision to source services from cloud computing vendors is becoming increasingly complex. Over time, more IT products, processes, data, information, and security have been offered ‘as a service.’ The present study replicates one by Schwarz et al. (2009) examining the first instance of cloud computing, the Application Service Provider (or ASP), but includes decision-making about Software as a Service (SaaS) to determine whether the drivers of ASP adoption parallel those of SaaS. The findings suggest that despite the similarity in theoretical lenses, there is a shift in resource heterogeneity from one study to the next, specifically how the application differentiates the firm.

Effective management of information security remains of paramount importance. While end users are often the focus in terms of policy compliance, Generation Z's behaviors in information security have not received much interest. Monitoring and influencing Generation Z behaviors poses substantial challenges in information security. In this study, we perform a methodological replication of Herath and Rao’s (2009) theoretical model to examine the influence of penalties, external pressures, and perceived effectiveness in the context of Generation Z’s adherence to information security policies. Our research draws on survey responses collected from 224 Generation Z individuals, with our findings underscoring that the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivators may be contextually dependent. For example, unlike Herath and Rao, we found that extrinsic motivation factors related to penalties were both insignificant for Generation Z. But, similar to the original study, we found that extrinsic motivators related to social pressure were highly significant among Generation Z. Further, in contrast to the original study, the role of intrinsic motivation was not significant, supporting the assertion that while intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are both crucial elements, they seem to have a differing role depending on the generational context being examined.

This study replicates Carter and Bélanger’s (2005) study of the utilization of e-government services. Almost two decades have passed since the paper was published. In the interim, e-government services have become increasingly popular in the United States (U.S.). Electronic access was the only choice for accessing some e-government services during the quarantine times of the COVID-19 shutdown. The extensive developments in technology may change citizens’ intention to use e-government services, as well as factors that affect those intentions. Further, Carter and Bélanger (2005) only studied citizens from a single U.S. state. These changes in context, as well as the original geographic limitation, warrant a replication of their study. We conducted a methodological replication based on data from a survey of citizens throughout the U.S. We used the original survey scales as they were related to the context of a common e-government domain, motor vehicle-related services. Our results confirm the original study’s findings with respect to perceived ease of use, image, compatibility, and trustworthiness. However, our model found a relative advantage to be a significant predictor of use intentions, while the original study did not. To test the robustness of Carter and Bélanger’s model, we tested alternate conceptualizations using a different statistical method. Overall, our results indicate that the original study’s findings largely hold, but that alternate conceptualizations may also be viable. Our findings hold implications for future research and practice.

This paper is a partial replication of the study presented by Kajzer et al. (2014). The original study investigated the relationships between individual characteristics (including the big five personality traits, Machiavellianism, and social desirability) and the perceived effectiveness (i.e., persuasiveness) of five different security awareness message themes, one of which was deterrence in the context of piracy. The original study uses a sample size of 293 MTurkers. In this study, we replicated examining the effects of individual characteristics on the effectiveness of the piracy-deterrence security awareness message within the context of college students. Considering that college students engage in pirating various forms of digital content, including music, videos, books, and movies, it is important to address this deviant behavior on campuses. Using a different sample (university students; n =117) than the original study’s sample (MTurkers) allowed us to test the generalizability of the original study’s findings. For data analysis, we used covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM), a statistical technique different than the original study’s. CB-SEM is a theory-testing (i.e., confirmatory) analysis technique that is useful to check the replicability of the original study and to account for measurement errors. Like the original study, we found that agreeableness and neuroticism are positively associated with the effectiveness of deterrence messages while extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, and Machiavellianism have no relationships with it. Unlike the original study, we found that social desirability has a significant negative relationship with deterrence messages’ effectiveness. These results generally align with those of the original study.

This study is a methodological replication of Valacich et al.’s (2018) experiment, which investigated the evaluability hypothesis in the context of technology product assessment. The evaluability hypothesis suggests that the evaluation context significantly influences how users assess and perceive technology features. More specifically, it posits that the perception of technology features, as well as the ultimate selection of a technology product, is likely to differ depending on whether a single technology is evaluated in isolation or multiple technologies are evaluated simultaneously. Our replication study consisted of 310 participants who evaluated two wireless internet products with two product features – connection speed and security level – in either a joint or separate evaluation context. The product features were operationalized in two ways: (1) a hard/hard context where both connection speed and security level were hard-to-evaluate and (2) a hard/easy context where connection speed was hard-to-evaluate, but security level was easier-to-evaluate. Although the original study found that participants’ preferences between the products did not reverse in the hard/hard context but did reverse in the hard/easy context, our results diverged from both of these findings. In our study, the preference reversal occurred in the hard/hard context but not in the hard/easy context. Notably, our study suggests a shift in preferences toward greater emphasis on security and less emphasis on speed, regardless of the evaluation context. These results align with recent trends in the IT marketplace and may offer new practical insights into technology design, usability assessments, and product acceptance.

This study is a methodological replication of the work of Agarwal and Karahanna (2000), who developed the multidimensional construct labeled cognitive absorption and defined it as a state of deep involvement with software. We adapted the wording of the original survey items to the context of ChatGPT, followed the same procedures to assess the original model, and compared our results with the following replications published in the 2010s. This replication study supported all proposed hypotheses in the original study, reinforcing the stability and applicability of the model over the years and in different scenarios.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, K-12 teachers in the United States were forced to alter their work routines in order to use technology to complete a variety of work-related responsibilities. K-12 teachers, therefore, experienced a range of techno-stressors and faced their negative impacts, such as burnout and turnover intention. However, not much is known about which techno-stressors K-12 teachers found particularly distressful when teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic, how each techno-stressor contributed to feelings of burnout, and how a proactive approach to mitigating technostress called literacy facilitation may have lessened the effects of each techno-stressor and burnout. Moreover, little is known about how those relationships compare to the techno-stressors experienced when teaching before the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper conducts an exact replication of Califf and Brooks (2020), who investigated how K-12 teachers experienced technostress before the COVID-19 pandemic. The exact replication adopts the research model, constructs, and questionnaire published in Califf and Brooks (2020) to test survey data collected from K-12 teachers in early 2021, a time when most U.S. adults were not yet vaccinated against COVID-19. The effects of five techno-stressors—techno-complexity, techno-insecurity, techno-invasion, techno-overload, and techno-uncertainty—on burnout, and the effect of burnout on turnover intention, are investigated. Moreover, the effect of literacy facilitation on the five techno-stressors and burnout is also investigated. Results from the replication study are compared to the results published by Califf and Brooks (2020). More detailed contributions to research and practice are discussed.

Mechanical Turk and other online crowdsourcing markets (OCMs) have become a go-to data source across scientific disciplines. In 2014 Steelman and colleagues investigated how Mechanical Turk data compared with student samples and consumer panels. They found the data to be comparable and reliable for academic research. In the nearly 10 years since its publication, the use of Mechanical Turk in research has grown substantially. To understand whether their results still hold, we conducted a partial replication to determine how Mechanical Turk workers continue to compare with students using UTAUT 2 as our theoretical model and virtual-reality headsets as the focal IT artifact. Our findings generally align with Steelman et al. (2014) and confirm that Mechanical Turk continues to offer a suitable alternative to student samples. This study reveals consistent results between the student and OCM samples, indicating the potential for interchangeability. The OCM samples are primarily male, while the student sample is majority female, following current US academic trends. All samples are significantly different in age, and only the US OCM and non-US OCM samples are similar in education. The path coefficients from the non-US OCM sample differ significantly from those from other OCM samples; the path coefficients derived from the student sample do not differ significantly from any OCM sample. While sample differences exist, as expected, many are addressable post hoc if anticipated and designed for during data collection. From our findings and the extant literature, we summarize recommendations for researchers and review teams.

This study is a conceptual replication of Chen, Zhang, Gong, Lee, and Wang’s (2020) study that examines factors influencing the intention to decrease problematic Information Systems (IS) use. In contrast with Chen et al.’s smartphone gaming context, we apply their theoretical model to the context of digital streaming services. Aligned with the original study, we tested the model using a scenario-based survey. Results are largely consistent with the original study, albeit with several exceptions. Our findings support that protection motivation theory (PMT) is useful in explaining decreasing problematic use in situations of threats. Threats are the negative consequences caused by problematic streaming service use. Users experience fear when they believe the negative consequences are likely to occur, and the consequential harm will be serious if they occur. When threatened, users are more motivated to decrease use if they believe decreasing use is effective in mitigating the threat and they have confidence in executing it. However, such motivation is not influenced by costs incurred by decreasing use. Further, we validate that invoking fear can break users’ viewing habits, which promotes their intention to decrease use. Yet, such an effect is limited. Future research might explore other factors that are effective in breaking users’ viewing habits.

This study is a methodological replication of the work originally published in Information Systems Research by Krasnova, Widjaja, Buxmann, Wenninger, and Benbasat (2015). The original work studied the effects of envy in the context of Social Network Sites (SNSs) among college-age users. We adapt the constructs and measurement items of the original survey but change the context of the SNS to Instagram instead of Facebook. We also target a sample of college-age students from the United States instead of from Germany. The results of our replication support six of the seven hypotheses from the original paper. Confirming these results reinforce the model proposed by Krasnova et al. (2015). However, our replication did not find a strong mediation effect from envy on an SNS between the intensity of social information consumption on an SNS and users’ cognitive well-being. The results suggest that the difference in population, SNS, or time has led to a change in this effect inviting further replications and new studies.