Background: The objective of this paper is an experimental investigation of the metallographic porosity of plasma coating using standard materials from the ceramic system Al2O3-TiO2 on the substrate of steel SS400 at laboratory scale Lab at the Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering. Contribution: The main contribution of the research is the evaluation of the porosity of the coating under the influence of the main technological parameters since the porosity plays a significant role in the performance of the working surface using the built-in Image Pro-Analyzer software in the Axiovert 25 MAT microscope. Method: The spraying material is Al2O3-TiO2 powder. The input parameters are: spraying distance (Lp; current of plasma stream (Ip); powder feed flow (Gp and spraying rate (Vp). Results: The findings show that the average porosity of the Al2O3-TiO2 plasma coating is inversely decreasing in the increasing direction of the distance: spray in the range Lp = 100–200 mm, increase proportional to the increase of the current plasma flow rate in the range Ip = 400–600 A, provided that the powder feed flow Gp = 1.7 kg/h and the spraying rate Vp = 50 mm/min. Conclusion: The degree of influence of the three main technological parameters (Lp, Ip, and Gp) in the survey limit domain may be due to the selected Lp spray distance within the relatively wide recommended range of the plasma spraying equipment supplier. It is recommended to conduct the experimental planning of the L27 type to localize the optimum area.

Background: Batik, a UNESCO-recognized art form, experiences rising production demands. However, traditional waste disposal methods pollute waterways and degrade soil. This study addresses this concern. Contribution: We implemented an Internet of Things (IoT)-based liquid waste monitoring system in CV Smart Batik Indonesia to promote a green economy and sustainable practices. The system monitors critical waste parameters (temperature, pH, TDS, DO, turbidity) in real-time. Method: We integrated sensors to collect waste data, which is then transmitted through an internet network for monitoring. Results: The system offers automated monitoring with notifications via a website or mobile application while ensuring data confidentiality through Wireguard protection. Conclusion: This community service activity demonstrates the effectiveness of IoT-based monitoring systems in promoting sustainable batik production by ensuring compliance with environmental standards and reducing human workload in waste monitoring

Background: The aim of this community development initiative, centered around community engagement, is to address the pressing issue of declining agricultural productivity due to pest infestations in the Asahan Regency, a developing area. Through educational and training programs, the initiative seeks to advocate for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices and safe pesticide usage among farmers, while also addressing the environmental impacts of chemical pesticide use. Contribution: The primary focus is to gauge the impact of these initiatives in fostering sustainable and environmentally responsible agricultural practices in Asahan Regency, ultimately enhancing the overall well-being of the farming community. Method: A total of 50 farmers actively participated in these programs, all of whom derived substantial benefits that directly contributed to the improvement of their livelihoods. Results: The implementation of IPM with a community development approach has the potential to significantly enhance paddy rice productivity while promoting sustainable agriculture Conclusion: By involving the local community, improving pest control methods, reducing environmental impact, and fostering knowledge sharing, this approach can lead to positive outcomes for both farmers and the environment

Background: Effective communication is essential for everyone, but it can be especially difficult for those who are deaf or hard of hearing. This can lead to isolation and hinder their ability to express themselves. Unfortunately, many people, including volunteers from PPDI North Sumatra, lack sign language skills, creating a communication barrier with the deaf community. Contribution: This activity aims to develop and assist Regional Representative Council PPDI North Sumatra volunteers to increase interaction with the deaf at Regional Representative Council PPDI North Sumatra Method: PPDI volunteers participated in program socialization, learned PIKU application features, and received training on its use. Results: The PIKU program yielded positive outcomes. Volunteer participation was enthusiastic, and interaction with the deaf community increased. The app's free accessibility, user-friendly interface, and clear visuals facilitated communication. Conclusion: The PIKU program, with its communication-assistive technology, effectively improved interaction between PPDI volunteers and the deaf community in North Sumatra. This highlights the potential of technology to break down communication barriers and foster inclusivity

Background: Faced with the new demand for logistics engineering talents in the modern logistics industry's mathematical transformation and upgrading, building an applied logistics engineering talent training system that meets the requirements of the new era is a key task of current teaching reform. Contribution: The contribution of this experiment is focuses on the current situation of school enterprise integration in school logistics engineering construction, and proposes a construction. Method: This experiment using framework method to strengthen the logistics engineering profession, clarify integration goals, build targeted curriculum systems, establish assessment and evaluation frameworks, and improve the mechanism of industry education integration. Results: The collaborative educational role of logistics professional construction and innovation and entrepreneurship education and cultivate more comprehensive logistics professionals. Based on this, this article will conduct a digital system for logistics majors from the perspective of smart education in vocational colleges under the background of intelligent logistics. Conclusion: Curriculum construction is built on a dynamic and authentic practical process, which reflects the logical interaction between curriculum builders and courses, shifting understanding from project logic to subjective logic

Background: This article presents the findings of a comprehensive community empowerment program that focused on the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology for the optimization strategy formulation of unused spring water. Contribution: The contribution of this program address the challenge for better utilization of unused spring water and promote sustainable water management practices. Method: The study employed GIS technology to identify and map unused springs, followed by hydrological analysis and water quality assessment to inform the development of optimization strategies. Results: This program suggested infrastructure development, water conservation measures, and distribution network design to enhance water availability. Conclusion: The findings show that GIS approach is suitable for further applications in other Indonesian mountainous villages with similarly shared community traits. However, further some locality aspects, including, but not limited to community leadership and economic power, need to be assessed further, as they play significant influences on the success of the program

Background: In Surabaya, the edible bird's nest industry has witnessed significant growth in recent years, driven by increasing demand for this highly prized delicacy, known for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. As the industry expands, effective cleaning methods for edible bird's nests become paramount. Contaminants, impurities, and feathers can compromise the quality and purity of edible bird's nests, affecting their market value and consumer appeal. Contribution: In response to this challenge, applying SEAMON as an edible bird's nest cleanser has emerged as a promising solution. SEAMON, a specific cleaning agent for edible birds' nests, offers the potential to revolutionize the cleaning process within the edible birds' nest industry. This innovative approach addresses the cleanliness and hygiene standards required for edible bird's nests, ensuring that consumers receive the highest quality product. Method: The SEAMON application was carried out at the edible bird's nest industry in Surabaya, East Java, on July 2, 2023, with twelve samples of edible bird's nests with heavy feather characteristics. All samples were tested for nitrite analysis using a Genesys 30 visible spectrophotometer. Results: Based on the results of its application, this innovation has the potential as an edible bird’s nest cleaning agent to clean hydrogen peroxide residue and can reduce nitrite levels in the white edible bird’s nest. Conclusion: This washing liquid is the first cleanser specifically for white edible bird’s nests, and another advantage is that it is food grade, so edible bird’s nests cleaned with SEAMON is safe for human consumption.

Background: In the 21st century, the field of education is undergoing significant transformations due to advancements in technology and the growing emphasis on critical thinking skills. Adapting history education to meet the needs of this digital era requires integrating technology into instructional practices while fostering critical thinking abilities.This approach allows students to engage with primary sources, explore diverse perspectives, and develop the analytical skills necessary for understanding and interpreting complex historical events.
 Contribution: The integration of technology and critical thinking skills in history education contributes to a more dynamic and engaging learning experience for students in the 21st century. It empowers students to access primary sources, analyze multiple perspectives, and develop the essential skills needed for critical analysis and interpretation of historical events.
 Method: The synthesis method is a comprehensive approach to analyzing and integrating research findings on adapting history education for the 21st century through the integration of technology and critical thinking skills. By systematically reviewing and synthesizing relevant studies, it allows for the identification of common themes, trends, and gaps in the literature, providing a cohesive and nuanced understanding of the topic and informing best practices for educators in this field..
 Results: The results of integrating technology and critical thinking skills in history education show improved student engagement, motivation, and understanding of historical concepts. Students also develop enhanced critical thinking abilities, such as analyzing evidence, evaluating sources, and constructing well-reasoned arguments, which prepare them for active participation in the complexities of the 21st century

Background: In the neighborhood of Ciung Wanara tourist area in the Ciamis district, 25 food stall owners have been selling for more than 10 years. They trade manually without having good entrepreneurial skills, do not use digital technology in marketing products, and do not have a formal business license.
 Contribution: This activity aims to provide understanding and knowledge of food stall owners about digital marketing and strengthen business legality permits.
 Method: The method applied uses a pattern of observation, training, socialization, direct face-to-face discussion (offline), as well as the direct practice of creating social media accounts and making business legality permits.
 Results: The output of this service produces two aspects for shop owners. First, in the digital marketing aspect, business actors already have social media accounts including Google business, Facebook marketplace, Instagram, and WhatsApp business. In addition, they can understand and operate these social media tools for their business activities. Second, the formal legal aspects of the business. Business actors already have a business license in the form of a firm recognition Number (NIB).
 Conclusion: This activity is very beneficial directly for business actors. Having social media can increase sales turnover. And having NIB, they can develop their business, support the security and comfort of doing business and get legal certainty in enterprises.

Background: The problem that occurs to the participants is that the learning media used in the learning process is currently not up to date, so that technological updates are needed to improve the quality of learning. However, to facilitate learning through the integration of the latest technology requires various teacher competencies, namely knowledge, attitudes and skills. Contribution: The contribution of this program is that the community service to conduct training and mentoring activities on how to develop metaversal-based virtual reality learning media to improve the quality of teachers at state vocational high school 1 Ngawi. Method: This service is carried out through five stages of activity, including analysis of field needs, manufacture of virtual reality products, early socialization, provide assistance and evaluation of the results of using virtual reality. Results: The result of this service activity is that the trainees understand the steps for developing learning media with virtual reality technology. This is based on the results of evaluating the achievement of training and mentoring programs involving 27 participants showing that based on the aspects of convenience, usefulness, attractiveness, and satisfaction, an average score of 92% is obtained. Conclusion: The conclusion of this program is that the metaverse-based virtual reality learning media that was introduced to the participants was very easy to apply, useful, interesting, and the participants were satisfied with the training provided