The issue related to passenger age requirement on airplanes has emerged as a significant concern. There have been numerous instances of young passengers boarding incorrect flights, highlighting the critical need for attention. Additionally, the potential risk of aircraft accidents poses a grave danger to children onboard. The criteria and regulations surrounding minimum passenger age requirements vary widely. This study focuses on the necessity of establishing a minimum age for airline passengers and the criteria for determining passenger age in alignment with legal standards. This normative juridical research reviewed and analyzed the regulations concerning minimum age requirements and age policies adopted by airline companies. The result showed that minimum age requirement for passenger differs across various legal systems and policies implemented by countries and airlines.

Philosophically, management is a collection of knowledge and beliefs that provide a basis for determining solutions to managerial problems. Every science cannot be separated from philosophy because philosophy is the root of all human knowledge, both scientific and non-scientific knowledge. Management philosophy and science have a close correlation. The practice and science of management has a very deep philosophical dimension. Management cannot be separated from philosophy because without philosophy management does not have a strong foundation. Based on the philosophy of science from an ontological perspective, the essence of management theory in business organizations is a science that offers a management process so that business organizations can achieve their goals. The final goal to be achieved through this management process is the achievement or fulfillment of the goals that have been set. Based on an epistemological point of view, management theory in business organizations introduces methods or ways of making decisions or solving problems that can be used by managers in running business organizations. Apart from that, management science introduces various management theories to be practiced in business activities. In an axiological perspective, ethical values and social responsibility must be taken seriously in the application of management science to business organizations. In management theory, business orientation is not only about seeking profit but also paying attention to the norms that apply in society and paying attention to the interests and welfare of all parties. Because management theory has an ontological, epistemological and axiological perspective, management theory is actually a philosophy of science. Therefore, management theory needs to be developed to be applied in business organizations.

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis dampak kualitas layanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan: studi pada toko matahari department store solo square. Metode penelitian ini ialah kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu semua masyarakat yang berbelanja di Matahari Department Store Solo Square. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian ini ialah 290 responden, berdasarkan perhitungan Malhorta. Sumber data penelitian ini ialah data primer. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner. Teknik analisis data penelitian menggunakan Partial Least Square (PLS) dengan bantuan Software SMARTPLS. Hasil penelitian ini ialah bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara kualitas produk dengan kepuasan pelanggan. Kualitas pelayanan memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel ketergantungan pelanggan dan kepuasan pelanggan.

Assessments are vital tools in education, shaping dynamic learning experiences and contributing significantly to overall learner development. In AVSEC training, mandatory tests for license acquisition are a prerequisite for both job applicants and active duty officers contingent upon achieving satisfactory scores. Potential test takers vary in level of formal vocational education with a minimum educational requirement of a high school for job applicants. This study scrutinizes the quality of the AVSEC test, evaluating elements like difficulty index (DIF), discrimination index (DI), and distractor efficiency (DE). Serving as a comprehensive evaluative tool, it provides valuable feedback on proficiency and areas for improvement. 
 In AVSEC item analysis, findings indicate that retaining a low category of Differential Item Functioning (DIF) may be justifiable based on item purpose. The influence of test-taker backgrounds and nuances in classical formal education is reflected in the low Discrimination Index (DI), emphasizing the need for considerations beyond intrinsic item characteristics. Challenges emerge in questions about regulations due to their overly straightforward construction, rendering the substitution of suboptimal distractors impractical. To address potential drawbacks, the training school may contemplate replacing items with similar topics, maintaining the test's purpose while enhancing item quality. This study underscores the delicate balance required in crafting effective assessments within the distinctive context of AVSEC.

Kinerja merupakan bagian yang sangat penting dalam suatu pekerjaan, tanpa adanya kinerja yang baik dari karyawan, maka keberhasilan dalam mencapai tujuan perusahaan akan sulit tercapai. Sesuai dengan permasalahan secara langsung yang dialami peneliti saat melakukan penerbangan, yaitu terdapat penumpang yang menolak pemeriksaan barang bawaan oleh petugas Aviation Security (AVSEC) di Security Check Point (SCP) Terminal Keberangkatan Bandar Udara Internasional Frans Keisiepo Biak Papua. Namun dengan profesional petugas AVSEC dapat mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Oleh sebab itu, tujuan penelitian ini yakni memahami kinerja petugas AVSEC saat melakukan pemeriksaan barang penumpang berikut dengan kendala dan upaya yang dilakukan demi ketertiban publik di SCP Terminal Keberangkatan Bandar Udara. 
 Metode penelitian kualitatif berikut menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dengan uji keabsahan data yang memperhatikan kredibilitas, tranferabelitas, dependabilitas, dan konfirmabilitas. Serta Teknik analisis yang dimulai dari reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi, dan kesimpulan. 
 Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa kinerja AVSEC dalam menangani pemeriksaan barang bawaan penumpang sudah sangat baik sesuai SOP serta regulasi yang berlaku, meskipun dari perkiraan kuantitas kinerja petugas AVSEC sekitar 80 – 85% dikarenakan masih terdapat beberapa kendala dari segi SDM dan peralatan. Kendala tersebut seperti banyaknya temuan Barang dilarang seperti Benda mudah terbakar, benda tajam, dlsb yang berulang. Upaya untuk menangani kendala yang dialami oleh petugas AVSEC dengan melakukan pemeriksaan Random check, melakukan pemeriksaan manual untuk memastikan keamanan dari penumpang maupun barang bawaan penumpang, menjelaskan kepada penumpang ketentuan dan SOP serta regulasi yang dipakai saat itu, hingga menindak dengan tegas penumpang yang masih tidak terima dengan mengarahkan penumpang ke pihak maskapai hingga kepolisian untuk ditindak lebih lanjut.

This research aims to findout the causes that influence the phenomenon of a decrease in the number of tax revenues of MSME taxpayers at KPP Pratama Badung Selatan in 2018 - 2021. the type of research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. In this study, researchers used several data collection techniques through: Documentation, interviews with a depth interview approach. Based on the results of the study, the researchers found several factors that influence the phenomenon of a decrease in the amount of tax revenue in the MSME sector as follows: the time limit for utilization of facilities from PP. No.23, the change in tax rates from PP No.46 of 2013 to PP No.23 of 2018, the co-19 pandemic, low taxpayer awareness due to lack of socialization, maximum education carried out by KPP Pratama Badung Selatan and trust in government officials. The contribution of researchers in this study is expected to provide useful information for the KPP Pratama Badung Selatan and the community, as well as MSME taxpayers.

Customer satisfaction can provide benefits, including the relationship between the company and consumers to come back for repeat purchases, and can also form word of mouth recommendations that are profitable for the company. One of them is the retail business, which is a business of distributing goods and services at the final level, which will be directly enjoyed by consumers. The more competitors, the more companies are required to be able to see every opportunity and develop strategies to be able to provide maximum customer satisfaction. This study aims to determine the effect of customer satisfaction on customer repurchase interest. The population in this study were customers at Zee Thrift Lamongan. The sample in this study were 100 respondents using purposive sampling method. The study used primary data by distributing questionnaires to respondents. The data analysis technique uses descriptive analysis and simple linear regression analysis using software tools used in research is SPSS. The results of this study prove that there is an effect of customer satisfaction on repurchase interest at the Zee Thrift Lamongan store.

Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety (FLSA) has been a challenging issue among English learners. Its impacts for the speakers include preventing them to communicate orally in English. This study scrutinized the specific reasons/causes of the English speaking anxiety of flight attendants study program students in STTKD as well as the solutions to overcome the issue. The participants included four students who joined English for Aviation class and felt anxious when speaking English. Semi-structured interview was employed to collect the data before they were analyzed using thematic analysis technique (Braun & Clarke, 2006). The findings outlined that the students suffered from FLSA because of: (1) the fear of making grammar mistakes and limited vocabulary; (2) the lack of comprehension skill; (3) the lack of preparation and; (4) the fear of negative responses from the audience. Meanwhile, the solutions of such FLSA included (1) learning and reading more of grammar knowledge and improving vocabulary mastery by reading a lot; (2) having more listening and speaking practices; (3) having more preparation, and; (4) focusing on the performance and thinking positively. Therefore, it is implied that students need these coping strategies that can make them less anxious when speaking English. However, pedagogically, it is important to create a less anxious atmosphere during the English speaking learning process to enable them acquire the skill targeted.