The study titled “Effect of Parents' Social Background and Income Level on Decision Making for School Selection of Their Children” Research objectives of this study were to identify the factors affecting parental decision to enroll children in school selection for children and to identify factors which suggest parents choose private or public school for their children. The study was survey and descriptive in nature. The quantitative as well as qualitative (QUAN-qual) method was adopted. The explanatory sequential technique was used. The population of the study comprised parents/ guardians, teachers, and head teachers of private schools. The purposive sampling technique was adopted. The total sample consisted of eighty (80) respondents. The thirty-two (32) parents/ guardians, thirty-two (32) teachers, and sixteen (16) head teachers of private schools. The questionnaires were developed based on a five-point Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was ensured through expert opinion, and the reliability was calculated through SPSS-23 using Cronbach’s Alpha. The researcher personally visited and collected the data. The study found that 56% (35%+21%) of parents prefer private school for children because of the shown image. Mean 3.41 and SD 1.24 supported.

In this article, we will analyze the criminal justice system of Pakistan. This article will provide insight into the system, what guarantees are provided by it, and what are the shortcomings of the system. Furthermore, we will see the role of Anti-Terrorism Courts in convicting the terrorists. In Pakistan's criminal justice system, there are several instruments to deal with terrorism. The criminal procedure code is the basic procedural law that is applied to almost all criminal proceedings. Pakistan penal code is the basic substantive law that contains the definition of the offenses and then also prescribes punishments for them. Since Pakistan has been facing the sedition of terrorism for a long time, it has developed a specific instrument for terrorism that supplements the criminal procedure code and Pakistan penal code. The Anti-terrorism Act of 1997 and the special courts formed under this Act are the specific instruments developed for counting terrorism. Further, the Protection of Pakistan Act and the 21st Constitutional Amendment are all the measures taken in the same regard to eliminate and eradicate terrorism. Before establishing military courts, Pakistan already had a proper judicial system to try the terrorists. Although questions can be raised regarding the performance of the courts, it cannot be denied that proper laws and courts were there before.

As a matter of fact, both China and Pakistan have greatly been/will be benefiting/ benefited from the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, but at the same time, it is being thought of by the neighboring country, India, as a threat to her. India, a hegemonic power in the region, has always been mindful of Chinese interference in this region and has been considering the greater cooperation of China with Pakistan as a threat to their regional power and, thus, in a way, interference in the cause of Kashmir particularly Pakistan’s claim to it. In order to balance the power in the region, India has been trying its best to oppose the Cooperation in the form of CPEC as it will not only benefit China but Pakistan as well and make Pakistan more secure. The research assignment is aimed at highlighting the current Indo-Pak relations as well as the impact of CPEC on Indo-Pak rivalry with future analysis based on observations.

The rapid spread of COVID-19 threatened and endangered the lives as well as the well-being of the people. In particular, the vulnerable population suffered more losses than anybody else due to social and economic problems caused by it on a vast scale throughout the world. The purpose of this study is to examine the severity perception of novel coronavirus on attitudes towards vaccination and safety measures. To obtain an overall image, the present cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted. Data for the study was collected online from a sample of 368 respondents from the whole province of Balochistan using a closed-ended Likert scale questionnaire. As expected by the conceptual framework, the correlation between severity perception and safety attitude, as well as the relationship between severity perception and attitude towards vaccination, was found to be positive. Moreover, the correlation between both of the hypotheses was also positive.

Organizations have a serious problem with employee retention, especially in Pakistan's telecom industry. Through the eyes of job embeddedness and commitment, this study explores how compensation, specifically job-based pay, affects employee retention. According to research, offering technical workers attractive salary packages is essential for luring and keeping them. A significant number of technicians are leaving Pakistan, though, in search of better-paying jobs abroad, endangering the viability of the organizations. Recommendations include updating compensation guidelines, making skill development investments, and putting job embedding programs in place. Offering attractive packages and rewarding success are essential elements to increase retention. This study emphasizes how important it is to match compensation to global norms in order to encourage job embedding and commitment, ultimately ensuring the lifespan of businesses in the developing telecom sector.

Recently, there have been increasing numbers of working mothers with young children. The growing trend in the participation of working mothers in the labor force poses challenges for families, particularly in developing countries. One of these challenges concerns both the management of households and their profession since the employment of mothers has a significant impact on the well-being of children. The main aim of the present study was to dig out the influence employed mothers have on the education of their children. The research is based on primary data. The present study was conducted in District Poonch AJK. The qualitative research methodology was applied in the current research. The sample size was 17. An interview guide was used as a tool for collecting the primary study data. The gathered data was thematically analyzed. Findings highlight working mothers can contribute to the development of children. The study has found that the intellectual and economic resources of mothers contribute to the academic and cognitive development of children.

This study has been designed to examine the awareness level of youth [students] regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice about disaster management and preparedness. For this purpose, research was conducted in a public sector university, and students of the faculty of arts participated. A mixed research method (MMR), both quantitative and qualitative research designs, was used to ascertain the objective of the study. A sample of 352 male and female students was selected. A well-structured questionnaire was designed, and data was collected by employing a purposive sampling technique. However, a focused group discussion (FGD) was also conducted. The data was analyzed by employing the T-test, and a conclusion was drawn. The study revealed that most of the students lack knowledge of disaster management and preparedness as the awareness level in youth is very low, and they do not even know about the importance and different dimensions of disaster management and preparedness. Moreover, they are found unaware of the disaster phases and basic knowledge about the risks and vulnerabilities.

This research paper investigates the benefits and challenges of implementing blended learning approaches at the university level in Pakistan. Blended learning, characterized by the integration of traditional classroom instruction and digital resources, has gained prominence as a potential solution to educational disparities. The study employs a mixed-methods research design to offer a nuanced understanding of this educational paradigm. The research draws upon a diverse population, encompassing educators from both public and private universities in Lahore, Pakistan. A sample of 400 university teachers was selected to represent this population, enabling a comprehensive examination of their perceptions and experiences with blended learning. Quantitative data from a Likert-scale survey assessed educators' views on blended learning benefits and challenges. Statistical analyses included correlation analysis, t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression to explore relationships, differences between public and private university educators, and predictors of challenges in blended learning experiences. The findings of this study reveal a complex landscape. Blended learning is perceived as a promising avenue for reducing educational disparities and enhancing access to quality education, especially in underserved regions. This research underscores the importance of targeted support mechanisms for disadvantaged students and the need for meticulous planning and robust support systems to maximize the potential of blended learning.

School education is the basic foundation for shaping the holistic education of children. This qualitative study investigates Women's Leadership in School Education in Karachi, focusing on barriers and opportunities for female principals in Government Primary Schools. Utilizing a constructivist qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, data was collected through interviews and document analysis. Thematic analysis of the data revealed a multifaceted landscape: persistent gender discrimination and harassment, the challenge of work-life balance, cultural norms impacting diversity promotion, and gender stereotypes shaping experiences. The study underscores the importance of raising awareness about girls' education and its transformative potential, driven by a shared belief in empowerment through education. It highlights the resilience and dedication of women principals advocating for change and recognizing girls' education as a catalyst for societal transformation. In response, the study recommends providing equitable resources and support structures to enable female educational leaders to champion social justice and overcome barriers, ultimately promoting equal educational opportunities for all.

The study examines how population growth and climate change affect human development in Pakistan. The rapid population growth and escalating climate change impacts in the country necessitate an understanding of their implications for human development. The study utilized time series data from 1990 to 2020 and employed descriptive analysis, an Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, a unit root test, and a bounds test for cointegration to analyze the data. The study considered the variables for analysis, such as Human Development, Climate change, and Population growth. The findings revealed that population growth and climate change have significantly influenced human development outcomes in Pakistan, with higher population growth and climate change leading to lower human development levels in the long run. The implications of the study underscored the need for urgent action to address the negative impacts of rapid population growth and climate change on human development in Pakistan. The study derived several suggestions from the findings, including implementing a family planning program, investing in education, promoting climate change awareness campaigns, integrating climate change considerations into national policies, empowering local communities, and encouraging research and innovations in sustainable development and climate change adaptation.