In this modern era, the robotics has become the most significant key in almost all working fields of engineering where work is done without or with minimal physical interference of humans. In the field of engineering the robots are being used to reduce the work effort, to ease the work, to do the work in the areas where humans are inaccessible, to give precision in work, etc. In essence, robots are utilized to boost performance and efficiency while reducing manufacturing costs. The most reliable and secure method of transferring liquid and gas is through a pipeline. Robots have already taken over the production sector in the pipeline industries, they are also utilized in the inspection sector. Since the majority of the fluids that are delivered from pipes are toxic and hazardous, direct human contact is prohibited in this inspection area. The defects occurs external areas of pipe can be easily noticeable and fixable, but those that arise inside the pipe are more difficult to detect and more challenging to fix. So the internal pipe inspection robots are designed to ease the inspection for internal area of pipeline. These robots are designed to move inside the narrow area of pipe to detect, locate and fix the defect. The main objective of current work is to reduce the human effort and provide safety in pipeline inspection sector. This robot can move along the various diameters pipes within its prescribed range. With the help of DC motor the forward and reverse movement is obtained, while IR sensors and camera used to detect the defects like blockage, holes or cracks, dents, leakages, etc. How to cite this article:Kokane RS, Upadhye CR, Kumbhar BS. Design and Development of Internal Pipe Inspection Robot. J Adv Res Mech Engi Tech 2022; 9(3&4): 6-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24321/2454.8650.202202

Fertigation is most important in agriculture due to the growth of crops, and their yields depend upon it. If the ratio of fertilizer and water is either higher or lower, it produces various crises. In today’s growing technology and automation, many feasible ways can be used efficiently and anywhere with proper access. With the help of a microcontroller unit, various automatic systems like IoT, PLC system, proportional-integral-derivative, and PID with a fuzzy algorithm, the fertigation system has been implemented. With the help of sensors, this system can detect the soil moisture and water level and stops the water supply. The time can be scheduled as per the choice of the user. This system will ease the farmers to work efficiently, and more time is reduced than the time needed for human interference.

The food supply chain is one of the most complex systems. The system begins with production and then continues with food handling techniques for preservation. In practice, the surplus food distributed seems to have been passing through various stages before it actually reaches out to consumers. However, the question arises if all the food produced is totally consumed. In this paper, we shall be studying the distinct stages involved in the food supply chain; how and where the food loss takes place; and the tremendous impacts it caused socially and economically. This paper will further help in quantifying the food waste and shall be obliged in identifying the required actions to overcome food loss and waste globally. This paper outlines different strategies and approaches adopted for post-harvest food loss assessments in order to achieve sustainable food services; move towards zero waste economy to implement poverty extermination and food security around the world.

The indoor environment is related to the HVAC system and HVAC system is directly related with the respiratory system of human body and for that by focusing the respiratory system, we have to regulate the indoor temperature, humidity, air flow and cleanness. Because they will be the conveyor of microbial contamination, bacteria. In Indoor environment microorganisms that may enter in HVAC system can be generated in many different ways. e.g. People talking, sneezing, carpet and toilet flushing process. And generated, spread by this many ways can survive in various HVAC components such as air ducts, filters, heat exchangers and fan coils. Other HVAC components and metabolism for various bacteria, microorganisms occupy. During the operation of the system bacteria and microorganisms obtain suitable environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture, nutrients conditions for their growth. And when their growth extents, these microorganisms and bacteria diffuse in system in form of bio-aerosols, accumulated dust and spread into indoors with supply air flow. In general, the microbial contamination source of HVAC system, so it is difficult to eliminate the microbial contamination at source. So some methods are able to kill microorganisms by air purification technology. The air purification technology includes different method by which we can maintain the good indoor air quality in HVAC system or applications to fight against the microorganisms, viruses and bacteria.