Developing leadership qualities in young people is ever increasing globally, a process which until now has not been critically analyzed. Leadership is believed to be so widely spread in the career and occupation discourse that developing leadership among the youth opens up unparalleled opportunities in new youth policy efforts, leadership development industry and multifaceted theoretical research of leadership. While researchers of youth leadership note suspended and individual types of discourse, we give them a more precise definition and offer the remaining three (small, independent and semi-independent) as significant for the account of interconnections between leaders, leadership and leadership development. It is necessary to answer the question if the current development of youth leadership creates a substantial leadership potential among individuals, organizations or society. 
 The article provides a region’s example of the Best Practice personnel training, developing leadership skills, establishing public, collegiate and consultative councils for decision making and building cooperation between the legislature and executive authorities of the Chuvash Republic. 
 The changing nature and ways of developing leadership competences have unveiled new exciting horizons and prospects as well as practical application opportunities for youth policies which will remain an important theme for researchers, politicians and youth officers.

When using existing industrial technologies, a very high price of energy resources remains, due to their imperfection and the need to heat almost all fixed assets, as well as a lack of resources to restore the disturbed balance between the biosphere and the technosphere, caused by the lack of highly efficient cycle technologies: mining, production of useful products from them, rational use of these products and, finally, its utilization. Of what is extracted from the land, 95% goes either to intermediate consumption or buried. The world is in a state where the environmental damage of technology has exceeded the capabilities of the Earth. With the preservation of existing industrial technologies, resources in the world are becoming less and less, humanity has nothing to pay for cleaning and restoring the environment. Only new technologies and new resources will save humanity from collapse. The solution lies in finding a new alternative, renewable, harmless and sustainable source of energy, the very use of which is an industry for the processing and destruction of created waste - recycling, comparable in volume with the entire transport and energy complex. In this case, it is possible to stabilize the world at the current level of consumption and implement the idea of sustainable development. 
 This article, based on the results of fifty years of work of author on development of breakthrough energy technologies in theory and practice of a non-ideal, close to non- degenerate plasma, started with PhD in Physics & Mathematics A.A. Rumiantsev who, unfortunately, passed away in 1990. Author predicted and confirmed the existence of a fundamentally new state of physical matter - quantum plasma nanocondensate - liquefied plasma, combining the properties inherent in standard liquid and ionized plasma - a fundamentally new, effective, and harmless energy source, the use of which helps reduce the pollution caused by waste. Purification of planet Earth, which has been contaminated to the limit, in some areas of which gas contamination, slagging, and municipal waste exceed all permissible norms, will lead to a boost in the immune system of the population, which will make it possible for humans to exist safely.

In the article, on the basis of research on the concept and essence of empathy, a subject-object approach to its formation and development in society is formed within the framework of the inclusive component of social and ethical marketing. In the course of the study, comparative, systemic and cause-and-effect analysis, abstract-logical methods were used.
 The analysis of the factors of the formation of empathy required their division into objective and subjective in the context of three aspects: changes in the psycho-emotional state, the presence of limitations and the sensitivity of individuals. Each of the factors implies a number of descriptors by which it is determined. Insufficiently formed ability to feel, recognize and foresee the emotional states of others, identify oneself with them, express their sympathy, are obstacles for the effective involvement of disabled people and people with disabilities in the socioeconomic, cultural and life environment in general of the state.
 The scientific novelty of the research is as follows: within the framework of the development of an inclusive component of the concept of social and ethical marketing. For the first time, the factors of the formation and development of empathy in society through the subjective and object aspects were identified. Which made it possible to form a subject-object approach to the formation and development of empathy in society.

The review represents an analysis of recent year publications in connection with preventive and therapeutic use of postbiotics (PB). Postbiotics are widely used as immunomodulators, anti-inflammatory agents, protectors and the normalizers of metabolism of the open cavity mucosal biotopes, liver, brain and other organs, tissues and innate immunity cell populations that co-function to intestinal microbial metabolites as a network (cofunction within a number of metabolic axes “intestine-other locations”). They act in combination with other effectors as auxiliary agents prolonging the effect of drugs and supporting them. Prophylactic and therapeutic uses of PB are directed against groups of intestinal infection diseases, hepatitis, tumors, neurodegenerative brain disorders, other metabolic disorders and pathologies. New aspects of research of PB include the study and application of recognizing and binding therapeutic PB according to and in connection with a network of “Probiotic lectins—Glycoconjugates” interactions. The data indicate the prospects of a search and application of the new groups and combinations of PB directed at glycoconjugate exposed targets in accompanying and supportive therapy. Probiotic bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, baker’s yeast and probiotic lectins are perspective resources of synergistic sets of metabolite-cellular PB against diseases, pathologies and groups of infections.

The process of gambling market legalization in Ukraine following more than eleven years of statutory ban on the organization of all types of gambling, except for lotteries, encounters opposition from both the shadow economy and politicians and officials, who, in addition to objective reasons for their interest in this political issue, may be involved in the rent-seeking behaviour due to the existing status quo. Now that the Law of Ukraine “On State Regulation of Activities in the Organization and Conduct of Gambling” adopted in July and effective from 13 August 2020 has defined the general framework of the regulatory model equating all gambling types and obliging operators to obtain relevant licenses, the leverage over the market ended up in the hands of the National Regulator (CRGL). Therefore, the state budget began to receive revenue from the gambling market, avoiding corruption flows. That is one of the reasons the emerging gambling market faced quite serious resistance at a number of levels, from the Parliament to local governments which, lacking access to hard cash, collect reputational bonuses from the exploitation of populist slogans to ban the organization and conduct of gambling in their jurisdictions despite the specialized Law. In order to deflate such opposition, joint efforts of both the legislative (at the level of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine) and executive power (represented by law enforcement agencies and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine), as well as industry associations uniting legal operators are needed. In turn, public policy on gambling requires significant adaptation and reform in order to come as close as possible to the country’s present-day realities, as well as increase the level of compliance with international practice. For better understanding and planning of adaptation and reform, the examination of both the market and the changes taking place therein, including sociological studies enabling more adequate public and regional policies on gambling, is required.

One of the most promising methods to reduce the adverse effects of hypoxic-ischemic damage to the central nervous system in newborns is therapeutic hypothermia. This article provides a retrospective analysis of 27 medical histories of full-term newborns who had a history of severe asphyxia. The patients were divided into two groups. Group I included children (n=15) who received therapeutic hypothermia in the first 2 hours of life. Group II (n=12) included children who suffered severe asphyxia at birth, but did not receive therapeutic hypothermia for a number of reasons. A comparative assessment of the severity of neurological disorders, the duration of treatment in a specialized medical institution and the health status of children at the time of discharge from the hospital was carried out in groups of newborns.

Objective: comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of hormonal, non-hormonal and combination therapy of West syndrome. 
 Material and methods: a study was conducted of 35 patients aged 3 months to 1.5 years, 23 boys, 12 girls with a primary diagnosed and verified diagnosis of "West syndrome" who had not received any treatment before, as well as with a previously diagnosed West syndrome and resistance to therapy. All patients underwent: EEGvideomonitoring, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, tandem mass-spectrometry, according to indications, DNA sequencing by clinical sequencing (panel "Inherited epilepsies"), chromosomal micromatrix analysis. Tetracosactide or dexamethasone were used as hormone therapy. Non-hormonal therapy was performed with antiepileptic drugs (AED): vigabatrin, topiramate and valproate in mono- or duotherapy regimens. Combination therapy included a combination of tetracosactide or dexamethasone with one of these AED. 
 Research results: the positive result of the therapy was: 1) persistent suppression of hypsarrhythmia on an electroencephalogram (EEG); 2) relief of epileptic spasms and the absence of their recurrence for at least 1 year; 3) restoration, to one degree or another, of normal psychomotor development. Positive results of therapy were obtained in 65,7% of cases. Obtained data showed that starting tetracosactide monotherapy is more effective than starting vigabatrin monotherapy, and combination therapy with tetracosactide and vigabatrin is more effective than starting tetracosactide monotherapy. Combination therapy with tetracosactide and AED showed greater efficacy compared to the combination of dexamethasone and AED: 68,4% and 37,5%, respectively. Of the 65,7% positive treatment results, 45,7% were obtained on combination therapy. 
 Conclusions: the most effective treatment option for West syndrome is a combination of tetracosactide and vigabatrin. It is preferable to start with tetracosactide monotherapy (with the exception of patients with tuberous sclerosis), but if hypsarrhythmia and/or epileptic spasms persist, 2-4 weeks after the start of treatment, it is necessary to switch to combination therapy with tetracosactide and vigabatrin.


 
 
 
 The ever-increasing level of competition requires the optimization of the construction process to use automated design systems, which reduces construction costs and reduces lead time. An excellent tool for this is information technology. This article presents the main information technologies used at different stages of the life cycle of building structures.
 
 
 

In the given article there were analyzed the requirements for new generation textbooks are analyzed to improve the quality of education based on the principles of synergy. In the paper, the requirements for the formation of cooperation between a teacher and a student were analyzed on the basis of such synergistic concepts as openness, nonlinearity and non nonstability, and on their basis a synergetic lesson plan was developed.

The activities of mankind in the past at least 70 years have led to the disruption of the planet's ecosystem with the prospect of serious consequences for life on Earth. To start at least slow down their action, only global scientific and technical solutions with very short periods of their implementation are needed.
 The article proposes to carry out the separation of fumes before their emission into the atmosphere, during which, to carry out the selection of greenhouse and toxic components of fumes, with the aim of their further utilization or neutralization. Protecting the atmosphere from smoke and eliminating the shortage of freshwater are purely technical areas that will not create unsolvable problems for the modern scientific and technical potential of mankind. All that is needed is a proactive management, ideologically aimed at solving these technical problems in an emergency mode.