Cancer Research Articles

The 2012 Briganti nomogram not only predicts lymph node involvement but also disease progression in surgically treated intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients with PSA

We assessed the prognostic impact of the 2012 Briganti nomogram on prostate cancer (PCa) progression in intermediate-risk (IR) patients presenting with PSA <10ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b treated with robot assisted radical prostatectomy eventually associated with extended pelvic lymph node dissection. From January 2013 to December 2021, data of surgically treated IR PCa patients were retrospectively evaluated. Only patients presenting with the above-mentioned features were considered. The 2012 Briganti nomogram was assessed either as a continuous and a categorical variable (up to the median, which was detected as 6%, vs. above the median). The association with PCa progression, defined as biochemical recurrence, and/or metastatic progression, was evaluated by Cox proportional hazard regression models. Overall, 147 patients were included. Compared to subjects with a nomogram score up to 6%, those presenting with a score above 6% were more likely to be younger, had larger/palpable tumors, presented with higher PSA, underwent tumor upgrading, harbored non-organ confined disease, and had positive surgical margins at final pathology. PCa progression, which occurred in 32 (21.7%) cases, was independently predicted by the 2012 Briganti nomogram both considered as a continuous (Hazard Ratio [HR]:1.04, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:1.01-1.08;p=0.021), and a categorical variable (HR:2.32; 95%CI:1.11-4.87;p=0.026), even after adjustment for tumor upgrading. In IR PCa patients with PSA <10ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b, the 2012 Briganti nomogram independently predicts PCa progression. In this challenging subset of patients, this tool can identify prognostic subgroups, independently by upgrading issues.

Study of the relationship between psychoactive substance use and pain in cancer patients and cancer survivors: A French nationwide cross-sectional study.

Pain is a prevalent symptom among cancer patients and survivors. Psychoactive substance use (PSU) is associated with both the presence and severity of pain. However, little is known about this association in the context of cancer. The primary objective was to compare the prevalence of PSU and its relationship with pain during and after cancer. PSU was defined as the use of nonmedication substances (alcohol, tobacco, e-cigarettes, cannabidiol, and cannabis), with frequency categorized as at least yearly, monthly, weekly, or daily. Secondary objectives aimed to explore the relationships between PSU and pain characteristics, health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, deprivation, and individual characteristics. Among the 1041 individuals included, pain prevalence was 44.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 41.6%-47.8%). The overall prevalence of PSU at least monthly was 67.0% (95% CI 64.0%-69.8%). The proportions of chronic and neuropathic pains were higher for at least monthly use of cannabidiol compared to nonuse (70.0% vs. 39.3% and 55.7% vs. 28.1%, p < .001). In multivariate analysis, the monthly uses of tobacco and cannabidiol were higher in painful individuals than in nonpainful ones (odds ratio: 2.85 [95% CI 1.22-6.64] and 3.76 [95% CI 1.13-12.44], p < .05). From the point of view of the patient care, the study underscores the need for physicians to prioritize smoking cessation and pay attention to the use of cannabidiol during and after cancer.

Supportive care needs and anxious-depressive symptoms in cancer patients: An interaction effect between emotional competence and the COVID-19 pandemic?

The main objective was to assess the link between emotional competence (EC) and adjustment outcomes such as supportive care needs (SCN) and anxious-depressive symptoms in cancer patients starting chemotherapy. The second objective was to assess the interaction effect between EC and the COVID-19 pandemic (i.e. patients included before or during the pandemic) on these outcomes. At the beginning of care, 255 patients with digestive or hematological cancer, recruited before the pandemic began (n = 156, 61.2%) or during the pandemic (n = 99, 38.8%), completed the Short Profile of Emotional Competence, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Supportive Care Needs Survey Short Form. Partial correlations and multiple regressions were used. Intrapersonal EC showed negative significant correlations with psychological unmet SCN (r = -.32, p < .001), anxiety (r = -.37, p < .001), and depression (r = -.46, p < .001). Interpersonal EC showed only significant interaction effects (p < .05): it was only associated with fewer unmet physical and daily SCN (p < .002) and fewer depressive symptoms (p < .004) during pandemic. Results show significant associations between intrapersonal EC and better adjustment of cancer patients from the early stage of care. Interpersonal EC seems to be a significant resource to deal with illness only in difficult contexts such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Immunomodulation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in colorectal cancer patients with COVID-19

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence has shown that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are an effective therapeutic approach for managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, further elucidation is required to determine their underlying immunomodulatory effect on the mRNA expression of T helper cell-related transcription factors (TFs) and cytokine release in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). AIM To investigate the impact of ADSCs on the mRNA expression of TFs and cytokine release in PBMCs from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with severe COVID-19 (CRC+ patients). METHODS PBMCs from CRC+ patients (PBMCs-C+ ) and age-matched CRC patients (PBMCs-C) were stimulated and cultured in the presence/absence of ADSCs. The mRNA levels of T-box TF TBX21 (T-bet), GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3), RAR-related orphan receptor C (RORC), and forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) in the PBMCs were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Culture supernatants were evaluated for levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-17A, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Compared with PBMCs-C, PBMCs-C+ exhibited higher mRNA levels of T-bet and RORC, and increased levels of IFN-γ and IL-17A. Additionally, a significant decrease in FoxP3 mRNA and TGF-β1, as well as an increase in T-bet/GATA-3, RORC/FoxP3, IFN-γ/IL-4, and IL-17A/TGF-β1 ratios were observed in PBMCs-C+ . Furthermore, ADSCs significantly induced a functional regulatory T cell (Treg) subset, as evidenced by an increase in FoxP3 mRNA and TGF-β1 release levels. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the mRNA levels of T-bet and RORC, release of IFN-γ and IL-17A, and T-bet/GATA-3, RORC/FoxP3, IFN-γ/IL-4, and IL-17A/TGF-β1 ratios, compared with the PBMCs-C+ alone. CONCLUSION The present in vitro studies showed that ADSCs contributed to the immunosuppressive effects on PBMCs-C+ , favoring Treg responses. Thus, ADSC-based cell therapy could be a beneficial approach for patients with severe COVID-19 who fail to respond to conventional therapies.

Evaluating sarcopenia in cancer patients: focus on the rectus femoris muscle.

Evaluating sarcopenia in cancer patients: focus on the rectus femoris muscle.

The double burden of severe mental illness and cancer: a population-based study on colorectal cancer care pathways from screening to end-of-life care.

Cancer is one of the main causes of death in persons with severe mental illness (SMI). Although their cancer incidence is similar, or sometimes even potentially lower compared to the general population, their cancer mortality remains higher. The role of healthcare provision and care equity in this mortality is increasingly being addressed in research, but available studies are limited in their scope. In this context, our aim was to compare colorectal cancer (CRC) care pathways from screening to end-of-life care in patients with and without pre-existing SMI on a national scale. This research leverages real-world data from the French national health claims database, covering the entire population, to assess cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment and post-treatment follow-up as well as quality of care (QOC) pathways among patients with incident CRC in 2015-2018, considering whether they had pre-existing SMI. We matched patients with SMI with three patients without - on age, sex, region of residence, year of cancer incidence and cancer type and location at presentation - as well as nationally established quality of CRC care indicators and regression models adjusting for relevant socio-economic, clinical and care provider-related covariates. Among patients with incident CRC, 1,532 individuals with pre-existing SMI were matched with individuals without SMI. After adjusting for covariates, both colon and rectal cancer patients with SMI were less likely to participate in the national CRC screening programme and to receive advanced diagnostic examinations (e.g., colonoscopies and several complementary diagnostic examinations). They also had lower odds of receiving combined treatments (e.g., neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy and excision) and of having access to targeted therapy or capecitabine but higher odds for invasive care (e.g., stoma). Colon cancer patients with SMI were also more likely to have no treatment at all, and rectal cancer patients with SMI were less likely to receive post-treatment follow-up. Suboptimal QOC was observed for both groups of patients, but to a higher extent for patients with SMI, with statistically significant differences for indicators focusing on diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up. Our findings reveal discrepancies across the care continuum of CRC between individuals with and without SMI and provide initial avenues on where to focus future efforts to address them, notably at the entry and exit stages of cancer care pathways, while calling for further research on the mechanisms preventing equity of physical healthcare for individuals with SMI.

Evaluation of the value of combined detection of tumor markers CA724, carcinoembryonic antigen, CA242, and CA19-9 in gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a global health concern that poses a significant threat to human well-being. AIM To detecting serum changes in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens (CA) 724, CA242, and CA19-9 expression among patients with gastric cancer. METHODS Eighty patients diagnosed with gastric cancer between January 2020 and January 2023 were included in the observation group, while 80 patients with benign gastric diseases were included in the control group. Both groups were tested for tumor markers (CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9]. Tumor marker indicators (CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9) were compared between the two groups, assessing positive rates of tumor markers across various stages in the observation group. Additionally, single and combined detection of various tumor markers were examined. RESULTS The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value observed for the combined detection of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 were higher than those of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 individually. Therefore, the combined detection of CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 has a high diagnostic accuracy and could reduce the occurrence of missed or misdiagnosed cases, facilitating the early diagnosis and treatment of patients. CONCLUSION CA724, CEA, CA242, and CA19-9 serum levels in gastric cancer patients significantly surpassed those in non-gastric cancer patients (P &lt; 0.05). Their combined detection can improve the diagnostic accuracy for gastric cancer, warranting clinical promotion.

Shear stress and pathophysiological PI3K involvement in vascular malformations.

Molecular characterization of vascular anomalies has revealed that affected endothelial cells (ECs) harbor gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the gene encoding the catalytic α subunit of PI3Kα (PIK3CA). These PIK3CA mutations are known to cause solid cancers when occurring in other tissues. PIK3CA-related vascular anomalies, or "PIKopathies," range from simple, i.e., restricted to a particular form of malformation, to complex, i.e., presenting with a range of hyperplasia phenotypes, including the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum. Interestingly, development of PIKopathies is affected by fluid shear stress (FSS), a physiological stimulus caused by blood or lymph flow. These findings implicate PI3K in mediating physiological EC responses to FSS conditions characteristic of lymphatic and capillary vessel beds. Consistent with this hypothesis, increased PI3K signaling also contributes to cerebral cavernous malformations, a vascular disorder that affects low-perfused brain venous capillaries. Because the GOF activity of PI3K and its signaling partners are excellent drug targets, understanding PIK3CA's role in the development of vascular anomalies may inform therapeutic strategies to normalize EC responses in the diseased state. This Review focuses on PIK3CA's role in mediating EC responses to FSS and discusses current understanding of PIK3CA dysregulation in a range of vascular anomalies that particularly affect low-perfused regions of the vasculature. We also discuss recent surprising findings linking increased PI3K signaling to fast-flow arteriovenous malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasias.

GGT5: a potential immunotherapy response inhibitor in gastric cancer by modulating GSH metabolism and sustaining memory CD8+ T cell infiltration.

The variable responses to immunotherapy observed in gastric cancer (GC) patients can be attributed to the intricate nature of the tumor microenvironment. Glutathione (GSH) metabolism significantly influences the initiation and progression of gastric cancer. Consequently, targeting GSH metabolism holds promise for improving the effectiveness of Immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs). We investigated 16 genes related to GSH metabolism, sourced from the MSigDB database, using pan-cancer datasets from TCGA. The most representative prognosis-related gene was identified for further analysis. ScRNA-sequencing analysis was used to explore thetumor heterogeneity of GC, and the results were confirmed by Multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC). Through DEGs, LASSO, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and survival analysis, we identified GGT5 as the hub gene in GSH metabolism with the potential to promote GC. Combining CIBERSORT, ssGSEA, and scRNA analysis, we constructed the immune architecture of GC. The subpopulations of T cells were isolated, revealing a strong association between GGT5 and memory CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, specimens from 10 GC patients receiving immunotherapy were collected. mIHC was used to assess the expression levels of GGT5 and memory CD8+ T cell markers. Our results established a positive correlation between GGT5 expression, the enrichment of memory CD8+ T cells, and a suboptimal response to immunotherapy. Our study identifies GGT5, a hub gene in GSH metabolism, as a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting the response to immunotherapy in GC patients. These findings offer new insights into strategies for optimizing immunotherapy of GC.

Novel insights into the roles of migrasome in cancer.

Cell migration, a hallmark of cancer malignancy, plays a critical role in cancers. Improperly initiated or misdirected cell migration can lead to invasive metastatic cancer. Migrasomes are newly discovered vesicular cellular organelles produced by migrating cells and depending on cell migration. Four marker proteins [NDST1 (bifunctionalheparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase 1), EOGT (Epidermal growth factor domains pecific O-linked N-acetylglucosaminetransferase), CPQ (carboxypeptidase Q), and PIGK (phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class K)] of migrasomes were successfully identified. There are three marker proteins (NDST1, PIGK, and EOGT) of migrasome expressed in cancer. In this review, we will discuss the process of migrasome discovery, the formation of migrasome, the possible functions of migrasome, and the differences between migrasomes and exosomes, especially, the biological functions of migrasome marker proteins in cancer, and discuss some possible roles of migrasomes in cancer. We speculate that migrasomes and migracytosis can play key roles in regulating the development of cancer.

Effect of the HPV vaccination programme on incidence of cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by socioeconomic deprivation in England: population based observational study

ObjectivesTo replicate previous analyses on the effectiveness of the English human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme on incidence of cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN3) using 12 additional...

Is sarcopenia effective on survival in patients with metastatic gastric cancer?

BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is a progressively diminishing state characterized by the reduction of muscle mass and density, which is frequently observed in malignancies of solid organs. AIM To assess how sarcopenia affects the overall survival of individuals who have been diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer. METHODS The study retrospectively included individuals who had been diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer between January 2008 and December 2020. Sarcopenia was identified through the calculation of the average Hounsfield units (HUAC) using computed tomography (CT) images taken at the time of diagnosis in patients. RESULTS A total of 118 patients with metastatic gastric cancer were evaluated. Sarcopenia was detected in 29 patients (24.6%). The median survival of all patients was 8 (1-43) mo. The median survival of patients with sarcopenia was 2 mo, while it was 10 mo for those without sarcopenia (P &lt; 0.001). A significant relationship was found between sarcopenia and survival. CONCLUSION Sarcopenia has been observed to impact survival outcomes in various types of solid tumor cancers. Sarcopenic patients can be identified in a short time, easily and inexpensively, by HUAC measurements from CT images used for diagnosis, and survival could be promoted with nutritional support.

Smarter smiles: The role of AI in modern periodontics

The profound impact of unmet oral health needs on systemic health remains a significant concern, particularly among vulnerable populations. Disparities such as low health literacy and limited access to care contribute to higher rates of oral diseases and poorer health outcomes. These disparities can exacerbate chronic systemic conditions like diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, the absence of standardized practices among dental clinicians regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and management of periodontitis leads to inconsistencies in care utilization. Therefore, prioritizing approaches to care that enhance patient engagement, improve health literacy, and promote standardized care is imperative. Dentistry has historically emphasized delivering comprehensive care by embracing emerging technology and scientific evidence. The integration of AI holds promises in empowering patients through standardized care processes and enhanced access to health information.

Three-dimensional telomere profiling predicts risk of progression in smoldering multiple myeloma.

Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a precursor stage that precedes multiple myeloma (MM). SMM is heterogenous with nearly 40% of patients progressing to MM in the first 5 years. The high rate of progression of SMM patients highlights the need for early intervention, which underscores the importance of identifying SMM patients with the highest risk of progression. Several risk stratification models showed utility in identifying high-risk SMM patients; however, these systems showed limited sensitivity. To date, identifying high-risk SMM patients remains an important clinical need. In this study, we present the 3-dimensional telomere profiling as a structural biomarker capable of stratifying SMM patients as a function of genomic instability. Quantifying telomere dysfunction using the TeloView technology showed utility in risk stratification of cancer patients, particularly hematological malignancies. In this study, we analyzed 168 SMM patients. We report an AUC in ROC analysis of 0.8 using a subset of the patients as a training dataset. We then conducted a blind validation on a different cohort and demonstrated a positive predictive value of 85% and negative predictive value of 73%, with sensitivity and specificity of 83% and 76%, respectively. We examined the correlation between the TeloView prediction and the 20-2-20 scoring system, and cytogenetic abnormalities. We report a correlation of 53% with the 20-2-20 scores and over 60% correlation with cytogenetic abnormalities. The result of this study presents the telomere profiling as an effective biomarker able to stratify SMM patients to their respective risk groups with high sensitivity and specificity.

Bevacizumab is associated with a higher gastrointestinal/genitourinary fistula or perforation risk in cervical cancer patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy.

Bevacizumab serves as an effective treatment in cervical cancer patients with metastatic, recurrent, or advanced disease. However, gastrointestinal (GI)/genitourinary (GU) toxicities have been observed after bevacizumab treatment. Radiotherapy (RT) is the mainstay of treatment of cervical cancer. To investigate the risk of GI/GU toxicities with bevacizumab plus RT compared with RT alone in cervical cancer patients. In this meta-analysis, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to September 25, 2022. Cohort studies evaluating the association between bevacizumab and GI/GU fistula or perforation in irradiated metastatic, recurrent, or advanced cervical cancer patients. Results are expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The inconsistency test (I2) was used to assess heterogeneity. Egger's regression test with a two-tailed P value was used to evaluate publication bias. Four cohort studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 597 women included. There was a significant association between GI fistula/perforation and GU fistula/perforation in irradiated cervical cancer patients receiving bevacizumab (OR 4.03 [95% CI: 1.76-9.20] and OR 4.71 [95% CI: 1.51-14.70], respectively). The bevacizumab-containing regimen was associated with an increased risk of GI or GU toxicities in cervical cancer individuals undergoing pelvic RT. These results suggest the bevacizumab-associated benefits and risk should be better weighted to reach an optimal treatment strategy. Further investigation on optimal dosage and timing of bevacizumab and RT is vital to minimize the adverse events and maximize the benefits.

Hydrogen Sulfide-Induced Activatable Photodynamic Therapy Adjunct to Disruption of Subcellular Glycolysis in Cancer Cells by a Fluorescence-SERS Bimodal Iridium Metal-Organic Hybrid.

The practical application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) demands targeted and activatable photosensitizers to mitigate off-target phototoxicity common in "always on" photosensitizers during light exposure. Herein, a cyclometalated iridium complex-based activatable photodynamic molecular hybrid, Cy-Ir-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD), is demonstrated as a biomedicine for molecular precision. This design integrates a hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-responsive NBD unit with a hydroxy-appended iridium complex, Cy-Ir-OH. In normal physiological conditions, the electron-rich Ir metal center exerts electron transfer to the NBD unit, quenches the excited state dynamics, and establishes a PDT-off state. Upon exposure to H2S, Cy-Ir-NBD activates into the potent photosensitizer Cy-Ir-OH through nucleophilic substitution. This mechanism ensures exceptional specificity, enabling targeted phototherapy in H2S-rich cancer cells. Additionally, we observed that Cy-Ir-NBD-induced H2S depletion disrupts S-sulfhydration of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme, impairing glycolysis and ATP production in the cellular milieu. This sequential therapeutic process of Cy-Ir-NBD is governed by the positively charged central iridium ion that ensures mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells. Dual-modality SERS and fluorescence imaging validate apoptotic events, highlighting Cy-Ir-NBD as an advanced theranostic molecular entity for activatable PDT. Finally, as a proof of concept, clinical assessment is evaluated with the blood samples of breast cancer patients and healthy volunteers, based on their H2S overexpression capability through SERS and fluorescence, revealing Cy-Ir-NBD to be a promising predictor for PDT activation in advanced cancer phototherapy.

Metastatic pancreatic and lung cancer patient in complete remission following immunotherapy: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy with dispiriting survival data. Immunotherapy is a promising approach to many cancer types, but achieves poor outcomes in advanced PDAC due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We describe a case of metastatic PDAC effectively treated with pembrolizumab. CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 67-year-old woman with unresectable locally advanced PDAC, treated with gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel followed by radiotherapy plus capecitabine. At nine months, pancreatic tumor progression was observed at the level of the hepatic hilum with the appearance of a new pulmonary nodule suggestive of a second primary, confirmed by left lung biopsy. Systemic immunotherapy was then initiated with pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting programmed cell death protein-1 that covers the two tumor types. The patient showed a complete metabolic response that was maintained throughout the treatment. The patient continues to be disease-free at 5.6 years since the start of immunotherapy. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the administration of pembrolizumab after chemoradiotherapy has a beneficial effect in patients with metastatic PDAC. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a patient with metastatic PDAC and metastatic lung cancer showing such a long-lasting complete response after pembrolizumab treatment without curative surgery. Further studies are required to determine biomarkers that identify PDAC patients most likely to benefit from this immunotherapy.

Survival Outcomes in Stage IV Gastric Cancer Patients with Krukenberg Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.

Stage IV gastric cancer patients with Krukenberg tumors typically exhibit poor survival outcomes, often less than 2years. The management of this tumor subgroup remains non-standardized, and the impact of oophorectomy on survival remains uncertain. In this study, we systematically analyzed survival outcomes among gastric cancer patients with ovarian metastases who underwent standard chemotherapy, surgical resection of ovarian metastases, or combined chemotherapy and surgery. We conducted a systematic reviewand meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies retrieved from MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, and the Cochrane Library until January 25, 2024,applying the Boolean logic. Participants included individuals with pathologically and radiologically confirmed ovarian metastasis or clinically symptomatic cases with imaging evidence. Statistical analyses were performed using R (v.4.3.2., Vienna). The study was registered with PROSPERO(ID-CRD42023488373). A total of 1502 patients from 17 retrospective studies were pooled for analysis of overall survival (OS) outcomes. The OS in the standard chemotherapy cohort, as determined by the random effects model, was 6.708months (95% CI 3.867 to 9.548; P<0.0001), with non-significant heterogeneity (I2 = 5.5%). In the surgical resection cohort, OS was 12.786months (95% CI 6.9 to 18.671; P<0.0001), with low heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). In the combined chemotherapy and surgical resection cohort, OS was 16.228months (95% CI 12.254 to 20.202), with insignificant heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). This meta-analysis offerskey insights into survival outcomes associated with different therapeutic modalities in gastric cancer with Krukenberg metastases. It provides valuable evidence for clinical decision-making and future research directions. While the combined approach of chemotherapy and surgery demonstrates the highest effect size for OS, careful consideration of patient-centric approaches is essential in the oncological care landscape.

Four centrosome-related genes to predict the prognosis and drug sensitivity of patients with colon cancer

BACKGROUND As the primary microtubule organizing center in animal cells, centrosome abnormalities are involved in human colon cancer. AIM To explore the role of centrosome-related genes (CRGs) in colon cancer. METHODS CRGs were collected from public databases. Consensus clustering analysis was performed to separate the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort. Univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage selection operator regression analyses were performed to identify candidate prognostic CRGs and construct a centrosome-related signature (CRS) to score colon cancer patients. A nomogram was developed to evaluate the CRS risk in colon cancer patients. An integrated bioinformatics analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the CRS and tumor immune microenvironment and response to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Single-cell transcriptome analysis was conducted to examine the immune cell landscape of core prognostic genes. RESULTS A total of 726 CRGs were collected from public databases. A CRS was constructed, which consisted of the following four genes: TSC1 , AXIN2 , COPS7A , and MTUS1 . Colon cancer patients with a high-risk signature had poor survival. Patients with a high-risk signature exhibited decreased levels of plasma cells and activated memory CD4+ T cells. Regarding treatment response, patients with a high-risk signature were resistant to immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. COPS7A expression was relatively high in endothelial cells and fibroblasts. MTUS1 expression was high in endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and malignant cells. CONCLUSION We constructed a centrosome-related prognostic signature that can accurately predict the prognosis of colon cancer patients, contributing to the development of individualized treatment for colon cancer.

Prevalence and distribution of HPV 16 and 18 with its epidemiological profile among cervical cancer patients: A prospective study from regional cancer centre of Gujarat, Western India

Cervical cancer (CC) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality due to cancer among women in Indian. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and distribution of HPV16/ 18 and epidemiological profile of CC patients from, Gujarat Western India.CC biopsy specimens of 400 patients were analyzed for HPV16 and 18 by type-specific PCR. In our study 74% of CC cases were positive for HPV, 67% had HPV16, 14.8% had HPV18 and 7.7% had both HPV16/18. The median age of the women with CC was 50 years and peak incidence (31.8%) was between 40 to 50 years. Majorities (68.5%) were postmenopausal. The median age of marriage was 20years. Squamos cell carcinoma (SCC) was found in 91% and adenocarcinoma (ADC) in 7.3% of the patients. As per study 7.8%, 16.3%, 58% and 2.5% of CC patients presented in FIGO stage I, II, III, and IV respectively. HPV16 was exhibited in, 68.8% and 66.4%, HPV18 in 14.9% and 15.9% of pre and postmenopausal patients respectively. HPV16 and HPV 18 positivity was 68.7% and 51.7% and 13.2% and 31% in SCC and in ADC respectively. HPV16 infection was higher in stage I and HPV18 in stage IV malignancy.There were two peaks of HPV16, first between 21 to 30 and second between 51 to 60 years among CC patients. HPV 16 is highly prevalent among all groups. In patients with adenocarcinoma, Stage IV malignancy &amp; who had marriage before 18years, incidence of HPV18 was relatively high.