This study aims to analyze the socio-economic conditions of extreme poor communities in Medalsari Village and Sinarjaya Village, Pandeglang Regency. This topic was raised to understand the factors that influence extreme poverty in both villages and to identify effective mitigation strategies based on local conditions. Another reason for choosing this theme is that the village with the highest level of extreme poverty in Pandeglang, which requires a strategic and effective approach to get out of the extreme poverty zone and reduce its impact. The research method used is a quantitative method with a survey technique. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents totaling 117 Heads of Families for Sinarjaya Village, and 139 Heads of Families for Medalsari Village which came from P3KE Bappeda Pandeglang Regency data. This survey involved aspects such as income, education level, access to basic services, and employment conditions. The research findings show that there are still households that are not categorized as extremely poor, most heads of families work in the informal sector (laborers and farmers) with limited skills and experience, social support in the form of government assistance has not fully covered their basic needs, families try to cover the shortfall through alternative businesses and rely on social assistance, although the potential productivity of family members can still be increased. The impact of this research is expected to provide more targeted and data-based policy recommendations to reduce extreme poverty in Pandeglang Regency. These findings are also expected to be a reference for stakeholders in designing more effective and sustainable poverty alleviation programs.

This study aims to analyze the socio-economic conditions of extreme poor communities in Medalsari Village and Sinarjaya Village, Pandeglang Regency. This topic was raised to understand the factors that influence extreme poverty in both villages and to identify effective mitigation strategies based on local conditions. Another reason for choosing this theme is that the village with the highest level of extreme poverty in Pandeglang, which requires a strategic and effective approach to get out of the extreme poverty zone and reduce its impact. The research method used is a quantitative method with a survey technique. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to respondents totaling 117 Heads of Families for Sinarjaya Village, and 139 Heads of Families for Medalsari Village which came from P3KE Bappeda Pandeglang Regency data. This survey involved aspects such as income, education level, access to basic services, and employment conditions. The research findings show that there are still households that are not categorized as extremely poor, most heads of families work in the informal sector (laborers and farmers) with limited skills and experience, social support in the form of government assistance has not fully covered their basic needs, families try to cover the shortfall through alternative businesses and rely on social assistance, although the potential productivity of family members can still be increased. The impact of this research is expected to provide more targeted and data-based policy recommendations to reduce extreme poverty in Pandeglang Regency. These findings are also expected to be a reference for stakeholders in designing more effective and sustainable poverty alleviation programs.

ABSTRACT: What is the point of our moral ideals in a world where people can endlessly express care and concern for others—those living in zones of everyday poverty or spaces of terror like Gaza and Tigray—but do nothing in practice?

The presented article is devoted to changes in the scale and qualitative characteristics of objective and subjective poverty in Russian society over the past 20 years. Based on the data of all-Russian empirical studies conducted by the Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2003, 2013 and 2023, the dynamics of the number of objectively and subjectively poor Russians, the areas of intersection of these groups, their living conditions, their perception of their situation and ideas about the future of the country are traced. The obtained results indicate a noticeable reduction in both objective poverty (by income level) and subjective poverty (by self-assessment of their financial situation) among Russians over the past 20 years, which mainly occurred in the first half of this period. The reduction in the shares of objective and subjective poverty was accompanied by their divergence. As a result, an ever smaller share of Russians find themselves in the poverty zone simultaneously in both of these dimensions, and the portraits and characteristics of these groups differ increasingly. The objectively poor differ less in their assessments of their situation and opportunities in various spheres from the population as a whole, which indicates, on the one hand, the relatively shallow nature of income poverty, and on the other, the modest standard of living of the “typical Russian”. The subjectively poor are characterised by more noticeable differences from the population as a whole, in particular, negative assessments of many spheres of their lives. A similar situation is observed with the socio-psychological well-being of representatives of these groups: although over the past 20 years it has improved both among the poor by income and among the poor by self-assessment, positive changes in the first group occurred faster. As a result, the poor by self-assessment are characterised by a higher level of pessimism and anxiety compared to other Russians. In terms of assessments of Russia's development path, both objectively and subjectively the poor differ little from other Russians, demonstrating a public consensus: the population believes in a bright future for the country, but on the condition that it follows a special path that allows for social stability. Finally, it is important to note that the subjectively poor cannot be reduced to pensioners: the data confirm that this group is heterogeneous in its composition, which determines the absence of a clear portrait and the impossibility of identifying it as a "single addressee" of socio-economic policy.

Poverty problem has become a problem in societies and countries in this world. Indonesia continues to try to get out of the poverty zone, and the government at the central and regional levels is carrying out various efforts and programs to lower poverty in Indonesia. This research was conducted to see the influence of human development index (HDI) data, unemployment rate open (TPT), and GDP per capita of 34 Provinces in Indonesia on the Number of Poor populations of 34 Provinces in Indonesia in 2022. This research uses a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The data source in this research is secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in the form of data on the number of poor people in 34 provinces in Indonesia, and data on 34 provinces in Indonesia human development index (HDI), unemployment rate open (TPT), and GDP per capita originate from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). All research results, which are variable independent in this study, have a simultaneous relationship with the number of poor people. The Human Development Index (HDI) is negative and significant in a way statistics on the number of poor people, the open unemployment rate (TPT) has an influence positive and essential in a way statistics on the number of poor people and GDP per capita influential negative and significant in a way statistical to the total poor population.

Currently, the Russian Federation is actively modernizing the social support system of the population, taking place in the context of achieving the national development goals until 2030, which include the goal of reducing the poverty level. However, despite the broad architecture of the social protection system, the poverty level in the Russian Federation remains significant, which actualizes academic research on fine-tuning the targeted social support system. The subject of the study is the effectiveness of government spending on the financial provision of targeted social benefits (first of all, the monthly allowance in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child under 17 years of age as the main targeted payment in the Russian architecture of targeted social support measures). Based on the indicators proposed by the author, an assessment of the social and budgetary effectiveness of the monthly allowance in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child under 17 years old was carried out. It is concluded that there are "inadequate funds" in the structure of budget expenditures directed to the financial provision of this payment, creating a surplus (surplus) of income for some recipient households in relation to the subsistence minimum. This property is caused by the discrete procedure for determining the amount of payment for households with different incomes. At the same time, it is shown that the maximum payment amounts are insufficient to remove the least well-off households with children from the poverty zone. Moreover, the author's analysis showed the cost comparability of these post-transfer deficits and income surpluses, which made it possible to form the author's proposals for targeted redistribution of budget funds. So, based on the identified problems, changes are proposed to the procedure for assigning monthly allowances in connection with the birth and upbringing of a child under 17 years old, related to the transition to a continuous determination of the amount of payment based on the size of the income deficit of the recipient household. The proposed redistribution of budget funds makes it possible to completely overcome the poverty of households with children and does not require additional budget expenditures. These results have high practical significance for the activities of the Ministry of Labor of Russia and the Ministry of Finance of Russia, as well as regional executive authorities responsible for the implementation of social policy.

Poverty that has existed since man was created is one of the major problems for humans, not only has an impact on social and economic problems but more especially can have an impact on religious beliefs, even to the point of mortgaging faith with a world treasure. Although poverty can be said to be the destiny of the creator, but as an intelligent creature, especially as a Muslim, of course, in addition to having to be able to accept that fate, it must also be accompanied by maximum efforts to get out of the poverty zone. The topic of poverty here is poor in property and of course this problem has a solution. This research is described in the style of adaby ijtima'i, which is to elaborate the verses of the Quran in accordance with the problem that is currently plaguing society, namely poverty . This study will explain ways of poverty alleviation based on factors and in accordance with the content of the holy verses of the Quran which are expected to be a foothold out of the poverty zone.

For the past 10 years, Ngawi Regency has remained in the top 10 poverty zones in East Java Province, indicating that the welfare of the people in Ngawi Regency is still very low. The main objective of this study is to examine how variations in the number of working people and the level of regional income contribute to economic growth and subsequently affect the poverty rate. This study uses quantitative analysis and statistical techniques to analyze relevant data collected from Ngawi Regency. The population in this study used Ngawi Regency with research samples of Labor, Regional Ali Revenue (PAD) and Economic Growth. The results of this study indicate that Labor directly has a positive and significant effect on the Poverty Level. PAD directly has a negative and significant effect on the Poverty Level. Labor and PAD indirectly have no effect on the Poverty Level through Economic Growth. Economic Growth directly has a positive and insignificant effect on the Poverty Level. These findings can be used to inform policy-making decisions and develop effective strategies for poverty alleviation and sustainable development in the region.

This research aims to identify the relationship between poverty and risk preference in Indonesia empirically. This research employs the Indonesia Family Life Survey 2014 (IFLS5) using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and quantile regression approach, one of the most extended longitudinal data, to support this research design. The result reveals that poor households are more risk-averse than others across income levels. Moreover, poor people are poorly educated and mostly come from rural and disaster-prone areas. This evidence suggests that poor people from rural communities and disaster-prone regions should be prioritized and empowered to move from poverty zones due to their relatively high vulnerability.

Coordination between ecological security and economic development is crucial to sustainable development, with a development strategy that should be adjusted according to the type of region. Yunnan Province, China, is a treasure trove of biodiversity but is economically lagging. Clarifying the relationship between ecological security and economic development can provide a reference for the sustainable development of similar biodiversity hotspots in the world. The landscape index method and index evaluation method were used to calculate the ecological safety index (ESI) and the economic development index (EDI), respectively, and the median value of the indices was used for the comprehensive zoning. The coupled coordination degree model (CCDM) was used to assess the coordination status of ecological safety and economic development in each zone. The results show that (1) Yunnan’s ecological security pattern is high in the west and low in the east, mainly influenced by topography, climate, and human activities; its economic development is resource-dependent and shows a multi-point dispersed pattern due to poor transportation; (2) Yunnan was partitioned into the Coordinated Development Zone (CDZ), the Ecological Risk Zone (ERZ), the Economic Poverty Zone (EPZ), and the Dual Pressure Zone (DPZ). Among them, CDZs (15%) are mostly areas with outstanding advantageous resources, mature characteristic industries, and relatively spatially dispersed. There are two types of ERZs (35%): one is an area where the intensity of human activities exceeds the ecological carrying capacity, mainly located in the eastern plateau; the other is an area with fragile ecological background conditions, located in high mountains and river valleys. EPZs (35%) are mainly lagging in socioeconomics of DPZ (15%) and the fragile ecological environment constrains each to form a negative cycle. (3) Of the regional coordination levels in Yunnan Province, 76% are moderately coordinated, and there is still space for development from the high-quality coordination level. The order of the average coordination degree of each partition is CDZ > ERZ > EPZ > DPZ. The poor basis for coordination and the single approach to coordination have led to ecological safety and economic development often being more difficult to achieve in areas with large mountainous areas similar to Yunnan. (4) Due to the necessity for biodiversity protection, Yunnan Province should choose the sustainable path of ecological priority and green development. Specifically, CDZ should play to industrial advantages and brand effects, and promote industrial integration and innovative industrial development paths. The keys to ERZ are industrial restructuring, industrial ecologization, and ecological environment restoration and protection. EPZ should improve transportation and other infrastructure and revitalize economic development under the premise of ecological priority. Finally, DPZ should emphasize human and load reduction, and moderate development.

To analyse the effect of poverty on households towards class participation at community schools is the main objective of this study. A cross-sectional survey is conducted within two districts among five hundred thirty students adopting random sampling. Data on class participation are collected from semi structured survey questionnaires and analysed using bivariate and multivariate analysis with help of Stata 14. It is found that poverty hinders involvement in academic activities and managing learning facilities. Parents with poverty have been involved in nonacademic activities and are unable to manage the academic home environment. As a result their children were irregular and absent, and they were involved in nonacademic activities, which are more favourable for the poverty zone except for extracurricular activities. By addressing students’ diversity and local context, students living in poverty may have done better class participation.

There are particular economic, social and political system reasons in formation of slums or city’s poverty zones. It is "urban-rural system" and "limit living system" in urbanization of China, which forming a series of relatively perfect relevant systems, that leads the formation of the city’s slums or poverty zones to appear alienating. Based on the statistical data of the rural population scale entering into city and low-income people of urban, the research approves that the two basic conditions of forming slum has been formed—the urban poor and cheap commodity(or rent) house. And a certain number of stable urban poverty zones should form after a long time of interactive affection between the urban poor and low-grade residential zones in the case of market mechanism.

The global burden of cervical cancer remains a concern and higher early mortality rates are associated with poverty and limited health education. However, screening programs continue to face implementation challenges, especially in developing country contexts. In this study, we use a mixed-methods approach to understand the reasons for no-show behaviour for cervical cancer screening appointments among hard-to-reach low-income women in Bogotá, Colombia. In the quantitative phase, individual attendance probabilities are predicted using administrative records from an outreach program (N = 23384) using both LASSO regression and Random Forest methods. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews are analysed to understand patient perspectives (N = 60). Both inductive and deductive coding are used to identify first-order categories and content analysis is facilitated using the Framework method. Quantitative analysis shows that younger patients and those living in zones of poverty are more likely to miss their appointments. Likewise, appointments scheduled on Saturdays, during the school vacation periods or with lead times longer than 10 days have higher no-show risk. Qualitative data shows that patients find it hard to navigate the service delivery process, face barriers accessing the health system and hold negative beliefs about cervical cytology.

The global burden of cervical cancer remains a concern and higher early mortality rates are associated with poverty and limited health education. However, screening programs continue to face implementation challenges, especially in developing country contexts. In this study, we use a mixed-methods approach to understand the reasons for no-show behaviour for cervical cancer screening appointments among hard-to-reach low-income women in Bogotá, Colombia. In the quantitative phase, individual attendance probabilities are predicted using administrative records from an outreach program (N = 23384) using both LASSO regression and Random Forest methods. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews are analysed to understand patient perspectives (N = 60). Both inductive and deductive coding are used to identify first-order categories and content analysis is facilitated using the Framework method. Quantitative analysis shows that younger patients and those living in zones of poverty are more likely to miss their appointments. Likewise, appointments scheduled on Saturdays, during the school vacation periods or with lead times longer than 10 days have higher no-show risk. Qualitative data shows that patients find it hard to navigate the service delivery process, face barriers accessing the health system and hold negative beliefs about cervical cytology.

Zakat is part of an Islamic financial instrument which has one function to alleviate poverty. In general, the empowerment of zakat to mustahik is consumptive, zakat is given in the form of cash or basic necessities directly to zakat recipients or mustahik, however, consumptive zakat becomes ineffective in improving the welfare of mustahik in long-term or sustainable, because it only makes mustahik survive and will not encourage mustahik to try to get out of the poverty line.
 
 It is the empowerment of zakat in productive forms that is more effective in increasing the welfare of mustahik and can alleviate mustahik from the poverty zone. However, LAZISKAF must also be supported by supervisors and assistants by LAZISKAF in the field, so that zakat recipients are more enthusiastic in doing business. 
 
 Mustahik's welfare can be seen from several factors, namely business development, increased income, and has become a muzakki or the ability to give alms and donate after receiving zakat empowerment funds. Their livelihood is the mustahik, by applying this effort it is hoped that they will be able to fulfill their own life. The further goal is to make the mustahik zakat a muzakki zakat.

This research is motivated because there are still a large number of poor and vulnerable people in Nagari Sagari Salido, while the government has implemented an Integrated Referral Service System (SLRT) program that provides social assistance to help people get out of the poverty zone, this Integrated Referral Service System (SLRT) is a one-stop service identifies the needs and complaints of the poor and vulnerable then they will be introduced to social protection and coping programs for the poor, make referrals, and help with complaint handling to ensure that these complaints are handled properly

The article examines the attitudes towards education and professional career development of young people through the prism of the gender factor. The relevance of the study is due to the ongoing transformation of the economic system, the unpleasant consequence of which is the discrepancy between supply and demand in the labor market and the resulting employment problems. Also, researchers are increasingly highlighting the problems of female employment associated with various socio-economic factors (lower wages, informal employment, inaccessibility of certain professions, difficulties in combining motherhood and employment, single-parent families, etc.), as a result of which women are more often included in the working group. poverty. Today, with all the changes taking place in social systems, one of the most significant social lifts is the institution of higher education. So, material wealth often depends on the education received and subsequent professional implementation. The research interest lies in the analysis of the attitudes of modern youth in relation to the institution of education and professional career as an opportunity to improve the quality of life. Do these attitudes differ among young girls and boys, how do they assess their capabilities? The data of a sociological study conducted by the author in 2020 on the topic of professional identity of university students in Ufa are presented. The results of which showed that modern young people are not inclined to link the level of education received and the amount of income. The concept of success in life is somewhat different for men and women, if, first of all, girls want to have a favorite job and family, then for men the desire to be free and independent turned out to be paramount. Also, male respondents more often count on career advancement and professional growth. The research data to some extent reflect the gender attitudes of the generation of parents among today's Russian youth. In order to overcome the manifestations of gender statistical discrimination in the labor sphere, increase the economic resilience of women and reduce the risk of falling into the poverty zone, it is necessary to develop and implement social programs oriented towards this.

Identifying a good site for groundwater exploitation in arid areas with scarce hydrogeological data is a challenging task. In this study, west of the Tibet Autonomous Region located at the peak of the world ridge that belongs to the extreme water-scarce poverty zone is used as the study area. This study is the first to determine the formation and controlling factors affecting the groundwater resources in Ali area via comprehensive geophysical and geochemical prospecting. The meteorological and hydrological characteristics of the study area are analysed, and the source and characteristics of water vapour in the study area are determined. Although the Indian peninsula and the Arabian Sea water vapour transmission paths exist, only small amounts of water vapour enter the area because of the distance limit and alpine barrier, which is the main reason for the drought in the study area. An overall conclusion of the hydrogeological condition and groundwater resources in Ali area is drawn on the basis of geophysical surveying, hydrogeological drilling, and water chemical analysis. The distribution of water resources in the Quaternary Aquifer, which is controlled by water vapour transport, aquifer-forming deposits, river distribution, and temperature, is not well-proportioned. The aquifer potentiality reduces from the southern to the northern direction in sequence. Thus, the great mass of midlands and the northern region belong to drought zones. Groundwater salinity, which is affected by drought, is higher than surface water salinity and obviously increases in constituent concentrations. The findings promote the understanding and utilisation of water resources in the study area.

Comprehensive partitions and different strategies based on ecological security and economic development in Guizhou Province, China

This article presents the results of the authors’ research, conducted in one of Russia’s more significant agricultural regions – Orel Province. The study was based on an integrative approach, which involves a combination of objective and subjective criteria and sub-criteria for inclusion into the impoverished strata. The sample’s representativeness (n=1154) is guaranteed by age, gender, area of employment and type of settlement, with margin of error for the population sample amounting to no more than 2.3%. The method for interpreting the results of the study is based on dividing the community into impoverished and non-impoverished strata, as it was done for analyzing poverty and inequality in modern Russia in a report of the same name by the Institute of Sociology of the RAS. Such an interpretive approach allowed for the authors to identify considerable discrepancies in the qualitative assessments and quantitative characteristics of the phenomenon of poverty by the highlighted strata consisting of the impoverished and non-impoverished. The research results allowed for isolating the primary reasons leading to poverty, based on the evaluations of both the impoverished and the non-impoverished. The authors figured out that, when members of the population identify their position in the social structure of the region, the non-impoverished tend to underestimate their status in comparison to the objective values of poverty criteria, while the impoverished tend to over-estimate their social standing. Comparing the impoverished and non-impoverished based on social-professional criteria confirmed one of the clauses of the social stratification theory, the broad interpretation of which suggests a direct correlation between one’s education level and belonging to non-impoverished groups of the population. The general conclusion to the study suggests that the impoverished groups of Orel Province’s population lead less fulfilled lives when compared to the non-impoverished, especially when it comes to commercialized forms of recreation, as well as that the former find themselves in a state of deprivation, despite their own desire to position themselves outside of the poverty zone. The authors draw the conclusion that, given a situation when poverty is a global issue, with it becoming a target index for an increasing amount of countries and regions in the last few years, singling out poverty should become a priority for Russian social policy, both on a federal and regional level.