Zirconium Propoxide Research Articles

Waterborne Liquid-like Coatings with High Transparency, Superior Scratch Resistance, and Antismudge Properties.

The aqueous formulation of antismudge coatings is a crucial step for environmental protection and pollution reduction. However, the inferior mechanical durability of waterborne antismudge coatings poses challenges for their practical application. Herein, we developed a fully waterborne antismudge coating with excellent scratch resistance by preparing hyperbranched amine-rich polysiloxane (HySPx) for antismudge ability and epoxy-rich zirconium-based aqueous solution (ZAS) for mechanical performance. The former is obtained by combining SPx, polydimethylsiloxane modified by 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (IPTS), with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), and the latter is synthesized using zirconium propoxide solution (TPOZ) with 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560). This report investigates the effects of the chain length and content of SPx on the performance of the coating. The results indicate that the coating exhibits optimal comprehensive performance when the molecular weight of polydimethylsiloxane is 4.5 kDa, and the mass fraction of SPx in HySPx is 1.5%. The coating possesses high transparency similar to glass, good adhesion (≈3 MPa) to various substrates, high hardness (8H), flexibility (2.5 mm bending radius), and exceptional antismudge property. More importantly, the coating can still maintain excellent antismudge property even after enduring 400 cycles of abrasion with steel wool. Furthermore, the rapid enrichment of polydimethylsiloxane on the coating surface endows the coating with excellent lubrication ability, allowing most common liquid stains to slide off the coating surface. Moreover, the rewritability of the coating remains stable even after writing traces that have persisted on its surface for several weeks. This coating is anticipated to be utilized for protecting foldable electronic screens, vehicles, and other fields.

Effect of cerium nitrate concentration on corrosion protection of hybrid organic/inorganic Si/Zr sol-gel coating applied on hot-dip galvanized steel

This present work investigates the corrosion performance of hybrid organic/inorganic Si/Zr sol-gel doped with various cerium nitrate concentrations applied on hot-dip galvanized steel. The Si/Zr sol-gel solution was prepared from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MAPTMS), and zirconium(IV) propoxide (ZTP). The effect of the addition of cerium nitrate was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) versus immersion in 0.1 M NaCl solution and salt spray test. The results indicated that cerium nitrate contents affected the protective behavior of sol-gel coating in long term. Additionally, the sol-gel doped with 650 ppm Ce (III) presented the optimal corrosion protection of the sol-gel coating formed on hot-dip galvanized steel substrate.

Synthesis of hybrid organosilicon materials of various chemistries as efficient protective coatings for mild steels in NaCl media

This study focuses on optimizing the thermal, morphological, scratch resistance, and anti-barrier characteristics of newly developed hybrid sol-gel coatings. The coatings were formulated by varying the synthetic precursors and incorporating a clay additive. The hybrid coatings were prepared using a mixture of organosilane and zirconium propoxide precursors, and further modified with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Cloisite 20 A (C20A) clay additives. The coatings were applied onto mild steel substrates and their corrosion protection in 3.5 wt% NaCl solutions were evaluated through electrochemical and visual observation testing. Contact angle measurements revealed a hydrophobic nature of the developed coatings on the steel surfaces, primarily attributed to the presence of an organosilane precursor with a long C18-alkyl chain functionality in all formulations. Electrochemical testing data demonstrated that the coating formulation containing the polydimethylsiloxane precursor exhibited good corrosion protection. After 14 days of immersion in a saline medium, this sample exhibited impedance values higher than 106 Ω.cm2 and a low corrosion rate of 3.5 × 10−3 mpy, as determined by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization testing, respectively. Morphological analyzes confirmed the homogeneous and integrated coating layer of this sample, which contributed to its enhanced corrosion protection. Furthermore, the inclusion of the Zr-propoxide precursor in a formulation containing only silane precursors demonstrated favorable effects on the desired coating properties. The hybrid sol-gel coatings exhibited excellent anti-barrier characteristics, which can be attributed to the formation of highly cross-linked Si-O-Si networks. Overall, the reported hybrid coating formulations offer promising alternatives to commercially available toxic conversion coatings, as they exhibit excellent anti-barrier properties and can be considered environmentally friendly.

The Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Solutions by Sepiolite/ZrO2 Composites: Adsorption Behavior and Mechanism

The sepiolite/ZrO2 composites were prepared by sepiolite (Sep) modification with zirconium propoxide in toluene at room temperature for 24 h (Sep–ZrI) or 95 °C for 4 h (sample Sep–ZrII). The efficiency of the obtained composites for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions at initial pH = 4 and pH = 8 was investigated. Characterization of the samples shows that synthesis at a higher temperature for a shorter time provides a slightly higher content of amorphous Zr phase, which is deposited on the sepiolite fibers as a thin layer and agglomerated nanoparticles. Compared to Sep, the composites have a lower point of zero charge and higher specific surface area and pore volume. The adsorption kinetics follow the pseudo second-order model. The adsorption capacities of the composites are approximately the same at both initial pH and higher at initial pH = 4 than at pH = 8. The XPS and ATR-FTIR of Sep–ZrI before and after adsorption identifies the formation of inner-sphere complexes as the mechanism of phosphate adsorption. The slow release during desorption with NaOH solution confirms the strong bonds of the phosphates with the surface of the composites.

Comparison of Tribological Characteristics of AA2024 Coated by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Sealed by Different sol–gel Layers

The application of sol–gel on plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings can increase wear resistance by sealing the surface defects such as pores and cracks in the outer layer of the PEO layer and strengthen the coating. Four different sol–gel formulations based on precursors—(3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTMS), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), and zirconium(IV) propoxide (ZTP) along with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)—were used to seal PEO pores, and the samples were tested tribologically. A sliding reciprocating tribometer was used to carry out a wear test with an alumina ball as the counter body in two different conditions: (a) 2.5 N load for 20 min, and (b) 3 N load for 40 min. The coefficient of friction and wear rate as volume loss per unit sliding length were obtained for all sol–gel-sealed specimens and unsealed PEO-coated and bare AA2024 substrate. 3D mechanical profilometer surface scans were used to compare the depth of wear traces. The elemental color mapping using SEM and EDS revealed that silicon remains present in the wear tracks of PEO coatings sealed with sol–gel layers containing GPTMS (PSG) and ZTP (PSG-ZT). GPTMS (PSG) was able to fill the pores of the PEO layer efficiently due to its cross-linked network. Moreover, sol–gel containing ZTP (PSG-ZT) was deposited as a thick layer on top of the PEO layer which provided good lubrication and resistance to wear. However, other sol–gel formulations (PSG-MT and PSG-AP) were worn out during tests at a higher load (3 N). The most stable friction coefficient (COF) and specific wear rates were observed with sol–gels with GPTMS and ZTP.

Highly Efficient Au/ZnO−ZrO2 Catalysts for CO Oxidation at Low Temperature

A series of gold catalysts on ZnO−ZrO2 featuring nominal ZnO loads of 3, 5, and 10 wt. % were synthesized by the sol–gel method using Zn(NO3)2 and zirconium (IV) propoxide aqueous solutions. In addition, gold catalysts with nominal loads between 1 and 3 wt. % were produced by the method of deposition-precipitation with urea, and their performance in the CO oxidation reaction at low temperature was evaluated. HRTEM outcomes revealed high gold dispersion on the 3Au/5ZnO−ZrO2 catalyst with Zn/Zr atomic ratio of (5/95) and 3 wt. % of gold, which showed the highest CO conversion at low temperature (−5 °C) under air treatment when the CO oxidation was carried out with a space velocity of ~46,000 h−1. The incorporation of ZnO to ZrO2 provoked high dispersion of the gold nanoparticles on the support and close size distribution; moreover, the presence of Au1+ and Zr3+ species was increased by the Zr−O−Zn interaction, which was stronger than in the single Au/ZrO2 and Au/ZnO catalysts. DRIFT/GC−MS confirmed that the Au1+/Au0 ratio and formation of carbonate species played an important role in determining the CO conversion; likewise, the 3Au/5ZnO–ZrO2 catalyst was stable at 10 °C for 24 h.

Correction to: Preparation of transparent and mechanically hard inorganic-organic hybrid thick films from 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and zirconium propoxide

Correction to: Preparation of transparent and mechanically hard inorganic-organic hybrid thick films from 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and zirconium propoxide

Development and Characterisation of thick non-conventional yttria stabilised zirconia thermal barrier coating systems on aluminium and superalloys by sol-gel synthesised single unit dip-coating

ABSTRACT In the present paper, the two routes of preparation of seven weight% yttria stabilised zirconia (7YSZ) composite sols are proposed under optimised conditions. Sol of route-I was made from zirconium (IV) propoxide, yttrium nitrate hexahydrate-acetylaceone-water-1-propanol solvent, and sol of route-II was made from zirconium (IV) propoxide, yttrium nitrate hexahydrate-acetylacetone-sulphuric-acid-water-1-propanol solvent-2weight% polyvinyl alcohol (2PVA). After preparation of both sol, thermal behaviour was characterised using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for checking the weight loss with respect to high temperature. Route-II YSZ sol-gel survived with practically no mass loss, while route-I had extensive degradation as well as considerable mass loss. In the second stages, both the sols were deposited onto as-air plasma sprayed CoNiCrAlY bond-coated substrates, i.e. superalloys IN800 and aluminium alloys AA2024-T351. The microstructure of route-I and route-II YSZ sol coating was characterised using scanning electron microscopy. Route-II deposited sol was found to be more porous, homogenised and thick thermal barrier coatings as compared to route-I sol. The presence of sulphuric acid enhanced the better processing control of sol-gel coatings with uniform surface, as confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Influence of pH and temperature parameters on the sol-gel synthesis process of meso porous ZrC nanopowder

In this study, Zirconium carbide nanopowders were synthesized by the sol-gel method in the alcoholic system. Zirconium propoxide and phenolic resin were used as precursors of Zr and carbon, respectively. Sol was prepared in a four-component system of alkoxide, water, catalyst, and dispersant based on the sol-gel chemical process under acidic conditions. After the process of hydrolysis and the formation of gel, the initial powder was heat treated, and ZrC nanoparticles were formed. The impact of pH and temperature parameters on the synthesis process of these nanoparticles was evaluated. SEM/TEM, DTA/TG/XRD/FTIR/DLS analyses were used to assess the properties of the product. The results of sol preparation indicated that Zr-containing precursor particles less than 10 nm could be synthesized by controlling pH around 5. According to the FTIR data, Zr–O and Zr–C bonds were estimated to be 560 and 505 cm−1, respectively. Owing to the zirconium alkoxide hydrolysis and its condensation at 60 °C, Zr–O–C bonds were formed in the presence of the carbon phase. There is a possibility to achieve ZrC products at low temperatures under these conditions, as confirmed by the DTA analysis. DTA/TG analysis indicated that the primary particles of ZrC were generated around 1320 °C, as demonstrated by the X-ray diffraction pattern. BET analysis indicated a high surface area for the particles of approximately 153.42 m2/g, and that the surfaces of these particles were meso porous. SEM microstructure images showed that zirconium carbide particles were formed in a nanometer size range, and particle size distribution was performed within a narrow and uniform range. TEM images and their diffraction pattern reported the synthesis of crystalline carbide particles to be smaller than 50 nm.

Preparation of transparent and mechanically hard inorganic-organic hybrid thick films from 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and zirconium propoxide

Preparation of transparent and mechanically hard inorganic-organic hybrid thick films from 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane and zirconium propoxide

Effects of applying different type SiO2 precursors on the structure of selected zirconia-silica gels

Zirconia–silica materials are well known and studied for a long time. Application of the sol-gel method allows to expand their properties by introducing new type of components from the appropriate precursors used in the process. Simultaneously, facilitates fabrication materials, first of all because of the decrease the temperature of their synthesis. In this work, the main focus was put not on zirconia precursors (as in most articles), but on SiO2 introducing ones. Three different types of silica precursors were applied: TEOS – tetraethoxysilane, Si(OC2H5)4, DDS – dimethyldiethoxysilane, Si(OC2H5)2(CH3)2 and Aerosil™ (silica powder). As ZrO2 introducing component, zirconium (IV) propoxide, Zr(OC3H7)4 was exclusively applied. As methods of structural investigations, two complementary methods were selected: FTIR spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) in the standard configuration. To obtain additional data, thermal methods: thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied. According to XRD studies, all the obtained samples remained amorphous after annealing up to 500 °C. At higher temperatures, t-ZrO2 and m-ZrO2 began to crystallize. The temperature of their formation depended on SiO2 precursor type and SiO2 concentration in the system. In the samples richer in ZrO2, crystallization of t-ZrO2 began only at 1000 °C but the tendency of its crystallization was much faster than in the samples richer in SiO2which was confirmed by comparison of mean crystallite sizes of t-ZrO2 in the samples synthesized with the use of different SiO2 precursors. FTIR spectra of the samples of higher silica concentration, despite the type of silica precursor, showed progressive formation of silica matrix, in which zirconium atoms were located.

Zirconia Coatings as Efficient Soil Moisture Sensors for Water Irrigation

In agriculture sector, a soil moisture sensor plays a vital role in controlling the irrigation through the adequate and timely moisture of soil essential for the crop production. Owing to the chemically inert nature of zirconia, it is found to be a good material for soil moisture sensing. Therefore, the present study reports the synthesis of sol-gel based zirconia coatings and their application as efficient soil moisture sensor for water irrigation. For this purpose, zirconia was coated on 316L stainless steel substrate using zirconium propoxide precursor through sol-gel process and spin coating technique. The obtained zirconia coatings were used to fabricate and study the zirconia soil moisture sensors. Zirconia sensors were fabricated using zirconia coatings synthesized from various concentrations of zirconium precursor. The chemical structure and crystalline nature of zirconia coatings were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy and X- ray diffractometer. Moreover, the contact angle and roughness of these coatings have been measured. It is observed that the contact angles and roughness of the synthesized zirconia coatings increased with increase in the precursor concentrations. All zirconia coatings manifested the tetragonal crystal structure. The resistance of the zirconia soil moisture sensors was measured for different moisture content in soil (%). The zirconia sensors are tested in an active black soil moisture condition and their resistances changed for the soil moisture range of 20 to 50%. Further, zirconia soil moisture sensor monitoring system was developed using NImyDAQ and LabVIEW which is useful for the water irrigation.

Synthesis and characterization of hydrophobic glass-ceramic thin film derived from colloidal silica, zirconium(IV) propoxide and methyltrimethoxysilane via sol–gel method

This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of Zirconium(IV) Propoxide (ZTP), Colloidal Silica (CS), and Methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS)-derived non-stick hard coatings prepared via the sol–gel method. In the synthetic procedure, two different solutions were prepared separately based on the different hydrolysis rates of the silicon (SolS) and zirconium (SolZ) components. Polydimethoxysilane (PDMS) and Fluoralkylsilane (FAS) were used as hydrophobicity-promoting agents. The solution was applied onto aluminum surface, which was afterward dried and densified at 250 °C. The final solution was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy to determine the Zr–O–Si hetero-bonding and Si–O–Si and Zr–O–Zr homo-bonding. Coatings were analyzed by their hardness, hydrophobicity, and gloss. A homogeneous solution and crack-free hybrid coating was obtained. FTIR results showed that homo- and hetero-bonding between Zr and Si elements were obtained from a precipitation-free solution. Measured contact angles varied between 100° and 112°, and these results were evaluated according to the surface and gel structure.

Directed Synthesis of Ultradisperse Individual and Bimetallic Zirconium and Hafnium Oxides by Supercritical Antisolvent Precipitation

A method for the synthesis of mono- and bimetallic zirconium and/or hafnium oxides by supercritical antisolvent precipitation has been developed. The oxides have been obtained using a laboratory dispersing system, alkoxides (zirconium propoxide, hafnium butoxide) and zirconium acetylacetonate have been used as precursors. A white powder of amorphous phase with composition MO2 · mH2O · nCxHyOz (M = Zr, Hf) has been obtained in all experiments. Differential thermal and X-ray powder diffraction analysis have been used to study the obtained phases and their thermolysis products (mono- and bimetallic zirconium and/or hafnium dioxides). Particle size and their morphology have been studied by optical and electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. It has been shown that the particles of prepared oxides have spherical shape, while their size is dependent on the molar ratio of initial solution components. According to electron microscopy data, annealed samples have smaller particle size as compared with the initial samples.

Multifunctional hybrid sol-gel coatings for Marine Renewable Energy Applications: Synthesis, Characterization and Comparative Analysis with Organically Modified Silicon Precursor Coatings

ABSTRACTHybrid coatings for cavitation erosion protection of aluminum alloys, have been developed, based on a sol-gel process and applied by the dip coating technique. This work aims to investigate established hybrid sol-gel coatings synthesized using organically modified silicon precursor 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTMS) mixed with zirconium (IV) propoxide. In the present research, the established baseline coatings were modified by adding different concentrations (1%, 1.5% and 2%) of cross-linkable hexamethylenediisocyanate (HMDI) diluted in 60% ethanol. The influences of the amount of crosslinker incorporated into the coatings on abrasion, corrosion and cavitation erosion protection were studied. The hydrophobic nature, thermal and electrochemical properties of the coatings were evaluated using Water Contact Angle (WCA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Open Circuit Potential (OCP) and Potentiodynamic polarization (PDS) techniques. Furthermore, cavitation erosion and abrasion tests were completed on all coatings and rankings of these were produced based on mass loss measurements and derived mean depth of erosion.

Effect of metal oxide additives on the structural and barrier properties of a hybrid organosilicon sol-gel coating in 3.5% NaCl medium

Hybrid sol-gel materials provide a favorable alternative to the use of toxic phosphate and chromate conversion coating to protect metal substrates from corrosion attack. Herein, a systematic study was performed to investigate the effect of metal oxide additives i.e niobium(V) oxide), titanium(IV) ethoxide, and zirconium(IV) propoxide on the structural and corrosion protection properties of novel hybrid sol-gel coatings applied on a mild steel (MS) surface. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses revealed the introduction of structural changes on the parent hybrid polymer upon loading it with the metal oxide additives. Moreover, the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) studies of the functionalized hybrid polymeric materials proved higher polymerization extent in these materials in comparison with the parent polymer. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization tests have shown that the metal oxide additives displayed; to various extents, an enhancement in the barrier properties of the base hybrid coating for a MS substrate in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl medium. Zirconium(IV) propoxide additive showed the highest corrosion resistance as compared to parent sol-gel coating or other metal oxide additives. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses indicate an excellent homogeneous coverage of the functionalized coatings on the MS surface with no signs of defects, delamination, or micro cracks behaviors. The present study gains deeper insights into the interactions nature between the oxide additive and the host polymer matrix.

Thermal Annealing and Laser Treatment of Sol-gel Derived Zirconia Thin Films

Soluble precursor powders were prepared from zirconium propoxide and acetylacetone by evaporation of volatile products directly after the hydrolysis step. Dissolution of the solid residue resulted in solutions that were further processed by dip coating on glass substrates. One set of asdried films was thermally annealed in an oven at temperatures between 300 and 600°C. In parallel, samples were irradiated by a CO2 laser, in doing so laser power density and beam feed rate were varied. The thermally cured and laser treated film series were characterized with respect to film thickness, refractive index, phase content, crystallite size and film microstructure.

In Situ Zirconia: A Superior Reinforcing Filler for High-Performance Nitrile Rubber Composites.

Zirconia particles are generated into a nitrile rubber (NBR) matrix via a solution sol–gel method in a controlled manner. Formation of zirconia particles from their precursor (zirconium(IV) propoxide) occurs under optimized reaction conditions. As a result, the nanoparticles are embedded and well dispersed in the NBR matrix that results in a remarkable improvement in mechanical and thermal properties of the composite. Such reinforcement is not realized when the composites are prepared following the conventional technique of filler loading by physical mixing, although the filler content remains the same. Use of a surface active coupling agent TESPT (bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide) in the reactive sol–gel system is found to further boost the mechanical performance of the composites. In order to ensure the practical application of the developed composites, a series of studies have been performed that consist of dynamic performance, swelling, thermal degradation, and resistance to oil, ozone, and abrasion. Analysis of the results reveals that in situ zirconia could be an excellent filler for the NBR composites to withstand in a harsh and adverse environment.

Enhanced thermoluminescence of magnesia-doped zirconia nanoparticles exposed to ultraviolet/beta irradiation

In this study, magnesia-doped zirconia nanoparticles were synthesized via the sol-gel method, and this was followed by pellet manufacturing for ultraviolet (UV) and beta ray dosimetry. The raw materials included zirconium(IV) propoxide, isopropyl alcohol, acetic acid, nitric acid, and magnesium nitrate hexahydrate. Taguchi experimental design with an L9 orthogonal array and variance analysis was used to optimize the essential parameters and achieve the smallest sol average particle size. Isopropyl alcohol to zirconium(IV) propoxide (ISP/ZPP) volume ratio, MgO mole ratio, and reaction temperature were the three critical factors considered in this study. The sol average particle size, type of molecule bonds in the gel, calcination temperature, phase study, morphology, and thermoluminescence properties were determined by a wide range of analyses such as dynamic light scattering, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, static timing analysis, x-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD). The optimized conditions for obtaining the smallest sol average particle size were an ISP/ZPP volume ratio of 30, 3% magnesium mole, and 70 °C reaction temperature. The ISP/ZPP volume ratio, with 51.38% participation, was identified as the most influential parameter. The crystallization temperature occurred at 560 °C, showing the tetragonal phase. The average crystalline size was found to be 15 nm. TLD analysis showed that the prepared pellets were 250 times more sensitive than pure zirconia synthesized via the same method, and displayed two thermoluminescent (TL) maxima located at 130 °C and 185 °C for UV irradiation, and one TL maximum for beta irradiation located at 180 °C. The presence of relatively low-temperature peaks and high sensitivity in both UV and beta irradiation suggested that magnesia-doped zirconia pellets can be suitable candidates for dosimetry applications.

A comparative study on PMMA-TiO2 and PMMA-ZrO2 protective coatings

The covalent conjugation between the phases of organic-inorganic nanocomposites and the careful tuning of the proportion of the colloidal precursors are essential to yield homogeneous, cross-linked and dense coatings that are able to protect metallic alloys against corrosion. In this work, the sol-gel route was used to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid coatings based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) covalently bonded to TiO2 or ZrO2 nanoparticles through the coupling agent 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), applied for the first time as anticorrosive coatings for metallic alloy. Different formulations of the hybrids were prepared by varying the proportion of titanium isopropoxide or zirconium propoxide, methyl methacrylate and benzoyl peroxide, and applied on carbon steel by dip-coating. The optimized parameters yielded for the two hybrids transparent and homogeneous coatings, with a thickness less than 3 μm, low surface roughness (<1.8 nm) and elevated thermal stability (>200 °C). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy assays showed that PMMA-ZrO2 and PMMA-TiO2 coatings exhibit corrosion resistance up to 10 GΩ cm2, 7 orders of magnitude higher than the bare carbon steel, remaining essentially unchanged for PMMA-TiO2 during 14 days exposure to 3.5 % saline solution. The results suggest that PMMA-ZrO2 and PMMA-TiO2 nanocomposites are suitable for application as environmentally compliant highly efficient anticorrosive coatings.