Yrs For Males Research Articles

Performance Trajectory Related to Age, Classification, and Sex in Elite Kayak Para Canoe Athletes.

The aim of the study is to verify the performance trajectory related to age, classification (KL: kayak level; M: male; F: female), and sex of elite kayak Para canoe athletes. This is a retrospective cohort study. Race results and athletes' data were retrieved from publicly available online databases for 17 competitions and 102 finals between 2015 and 2022. Race time reduced over the years except for KL3-M class. There was a reduction in the relative difference between KL2-M and KL3-M over the years ( r = -0.83, 95% confidence interval = -0.34 to -0.97, P ≤ 0.05). In addition, no significant differences were found in race times relative differences between KL2-F and KL3-F over the years. Although the correlation between age and performance was only found to be statistically significant in the KL3-F class, the ages of all classes (35.2, 32.6, 29.5, 34.6, 37.6, and 30.6 yrs for males and females KL1, KL2, and KL3, respectively) were higher than those in Olympic canoeing (27.8 yrs). Race times have improved overall since 2015, but not for the KL3-M class. Nevertheless, because of the stochastic ages of the finalist athletes, it was not possible to determine the age at which peak performance is achieved in all classes. Kayak Para canoe classes should be monitored in the coming years to determine whether interventions are necessary to improve differentiation.

An Autopsy Based Comparative Study Between Males and Females Age of Sagittal Suture fusion at Tertiary Health Care Center at Jaipur (Rajasthan)

Background: A reasonably correct estimation of age in elderly people is essential in legal, medical, social andadministrative matters. Skulls are usually well preserved in decomposed, mutilated state or in fragmentary bodies.Sagittal suture has a very wide range of fusion. The aim of this study is to collect data of sagittal suture fusion ofmale and female and comparing with each other, so the more appropriate estimation of age can occur by includingsexual dimorphism of sagittal sutural fusion.Material and Methods: This study was conducted in 100 autopsy cases of Department of Forensic Medicine, S.M.S.Medical College & Attached Hospital, Jaipur of aged between 20 to 70 yrs, With making group of male and femalefor each year of age. The obliteration of the sutures was ascertained endocranially as well as ectocranially. TheSagittal suture was studied in four parts and Scale for closure is studied by Acsadi-Nemeskeri complex methodResults: Ectocranially the start of fusion of sagittal suture was observed at the age of 51-60 yrs age group in femalesand in 46-50 yrs in males and endocranially at 31-40 yrs in males and 41-50 yrs in females.Conclusion: When comparison between males and female subjects for ectocranially closure were made, closure wasearlier in males. Completion is perfected at the age of 61-70 years. The study showed that fusion of endocraniumbegan first on S4 & last on S1 in both sexes.Though consensus of opinion in our country is that the obliteration of the skull sutures in females is somewhatearlier than that of males, in the present study no such pattern in difference was noticed in endocrinal suturalfusion.

Effect of body mass index on bone mineral density is age-specific

Background and aimsObesity and osteoporosis are two important and growing public health problems worldwide. Body mass index (BMI) has been found to be inversely related to the risk of osteoporotic fracture. We aimed to assess the association of BMI with thoracic vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) measured from a quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Methods and resultsWe retrospectively evaluated the data from 15,758 consecutive patients (5675 females and 10,083 males) between age 20–90 years, who underwent Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scoring. Quantitative data analyses of thoracic trabecular BMD (mg/cm3) was performed with a phantom system or phantomless using validated software. The gender-specific subgroup was divided based on age (<45, 45–55, 55–65, >65 yrs in females; <40,40–60,>60 yrs in Males) and weight by BMI (kg/m2) as < 25 (normal or low weight), >25 - <30 (overweight) and >30 (obesity). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe's post hoc procedure tested the association of body weight/BMI on BMD. A significant positive association between the body weight and BMD existed in obese population in elder groups in both genders (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in BMD in 40–60 years in men and <55 years in women with normal or low weight compared to overweight or obese cohorts. ConclusionsWe concluded that the effect of weight on BMD is age-specific and the BMD should be monitored routinely with a cardiac CT scan in the senile population.

Age and growth of blue marlin Makaira nigricans from the central western Atlantic Ocean

Atlantic blue marlin fin spines were sampled from Venezuelan fleets during 2003–2008 for the purpose of estimating age and growth. Transverse sections of the second spine from the first anal fin were sampled from 1708 individuals. Of these, 1638 (95.9%) were readable (774 males, 744 females and 120 indeterminate). Males ranged in size from 130 to 254 cm LJFL, females from 126 to 370 cm LJFL. Samples were scored for visible growth annuli and age-corrected for early annuli lost as a result of increased spine core vascularization. Maximum age estimates based on visible annuli were 19.6 yrs for males and 31.3 yrs for females. After age-correction the maximum age estimates were revised to 43.4 and 43.5 for males and females, respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth model and alternate variant models are presented for the observed individual LJFL at-age data, and three derived data sets: (1) mean observed LJFL at age, (2) all back-calculated LJFLs at each age, (3) mean back-calculated LJFL at each age for males, females, and combined sex.

Cardiac involvement in adult patients with febrile thrombocytopenia diagnosed by bedside 2-D echocardiography

Background: Febrile thrombocytopenia due to various etiologies is very common in India. Its clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infections to severe disease. Cardiac involvement in such systemic illness should be evaluated. Aim of present study is to evaluate cardiac involvement in patients with Febrile thrombocytopenia with platelets count less than 50,000/µL with the help of handheld echocardiography.Methods: Two hundred patients who had fever with thrombocytopenia were enrolled in the study. ECG and echocardiogram were done to all the patients. One-way ANOVA, Chi square test and correlation coefficient from Pearson correlation and P value of &lt; 0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Out of 200 patients there were 146 males and 56 females. The mean age was 24.12yrs in males 28.32yrs in females .Rhythm abnormalities were present in 60 patients and the most common abnormality was sinus tachycardia; 17 patients had ascites and right pleural effusion; 24 patients presented with pericardial effusion and incidental diagnosis of CHD, RHD, and CAD were made; two patients had myocarditis as evidenced by global hypokinesia of left ventricle. All of those cardiac manifestations were common in Dengue Shock Syndrome.Conclusions: Cardiovascular manifestation in Febrile thrombocytopenia is relatively common ranging from pericarditis to myocarditis. Clinician should routinely screen patients with pyrexia with thrombocytopenia for cardiac manifestations. Early diagnosis at bed side may improve the outcome. Management of patients with pre-existing cardiac diseases should be individualized.

Long-Term Trends in Ringed Sawback (Graptemys oculifera) Growth, Survivorship, Sex Ratios, and Population Sizes in the Pearl River, Mississippi

Effective management of long-lived species requires demographic and life-history data that are best acquired from long-term studies. The ringed sawback (Graptemys oculifera), endemic to the Pearl River watershed of Mississippi and Louisiana, is a species of management concern at both the state and federal levels. Population sizes, trapping success, basking counts, sex ratios, survivorship, and growth of this species were investigated at 5 sites on the Pearl River in Mississippi over a 25-yr period. Estimates of age at maturity were 4.6 yrs for males and 9.1 yrs for females. Mean annual survivorship estimates for males, females, and juveniles were 0.88, 0.93, and 0.69, respectively. Maximum longevity estimates were 48.8 yrs for males and 76.4 yrs for females. Average longevity estimates were 8.5 yrs for males and 13.9 yrs for females. The sex ratio of captured turtles was male-biased before 2000 but unbiased after 2000. Realized population growth estimates indicated that 4 populations were stable over the 25-yr period and 1 population had declined. Population estimates and basking counts trended downward through time at most sites. Trapping success after 2000 for all sites combined declined by 77%, 45%, and 25% for juveniles, males, and females, respectively. Taken together, these data indicate that 1 population of G. oculifera has declined, 3 appear to be in the initial stages of decline, and 1 is relatively stable. Additional monitoring of these populations will be necessary to determine if these trends continue into the future.

Gender Variation in Octogenarians and Nonagenarian Patients Undergoing PCI

AbstractBackground: The aging of the population worldwide will result in increasing numbers of elderly patients, among whom heart disease is the leading cause of death. Changes in cardiovascular physiology with normal aging and prevalence of comorbidities are different between both sex. This results in differences in the effects of common cardiac problems as well as the response to their treatments. Clinical trials in octogenarians and nonagenarians PCI results are limited. The present study aims to analyze the gender variations in respect to the success of PCI in this elderly population.Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of patients aged ≥ 80 yrs. with cardiovascular disease undergoing PCI. The prevalence of variables like age distribution, type of presentation, and pattern of angiographic profile, requirement of pre-dilation before stenting and success of PCI has been compared between male and female population. Student “t” test is used for comparison.Results: The study population consists of 174 patients with female to male ratio of 1:3.7. The mean age is 82.4 ± 2.9 yrs in males and 82.2±2.9 yrs. in females. The minimum age is 80 and maximum is 99 yrs. 74(54%) male patients and 20 (54.1%)) female patients presented with chronic stable angina. Incidence of single vessel disease among male population is 97 (70.8%) and female population is 23 (62.1%) (p value=0.3). Rest of them are multi vessel disease. Pre-dilatation is required in 89% male patients and 86% female patients (95% CI = 0.09 to 0.14, P-Value = 0.7). LAD, LCX and RCA angioplasties are comparable between the both groups. Three LMCA PCI in females and 3 SVG PCI in males were done. Successful PCI done in 132 (96.4%) male patients and 35 (94.6%) female patients (p=0.7; CI-0.09 to 0.06).Conclusion: Clinical and demographic features including success of PCI are similar in both female and males in octogenarians and nonagenarians who are undergoing PCI for CAD.

Potential use of anal fin spines for assessing age and growth of longbill spearfish, &lt;I&gt;Tetrapturus pfluegeri,&lt;/I&gt; in the western Atlantic Ocean

For the first time, the age and growth of the longbill spearfish, Tetrapturus pfluegeri Robins and De Sylva, 1963, was estimated using transverse sections from the third spine of the anal fin. The samples used were collected in a large zone of the western Atlantic Ocean between 22°N and 36°S, from the artisanal gillnet and commercial longline fleets of Venezuela and commercial longline fleets of Brazil and Uruguay. Von Bertalanffy growth models were fitted by sex and regions, north and south of 7°N. Annual periodicity in ring formation was observed using a marginal increment ratio analysis. The maximum age observed was 7 yrs for females and 6 yrs for males. Differences in growth were found between sexes in the southern, but not in the northern region. In the southern region, female growth was slower and they attained larger sizes (K = 0.42 cm yr–1, L∞ = 184 cm) than males (K = 0.54 cm yr–1, L∞ = 173 cm). In the northern region, longbill spearfish growth appeared faster than in the southern region (K = 0.80 cm yr–1, L∞ = 177 cm). Although more sampling and research is needed, our study provides a starting point for parameter estimation and age validation required for stock assessment of the longbill spearfish in the Atlantic Ocean.

Aging and life history traits of the longnose spiny dogfish in the Mediterranean Sea: New insights into conservation and management needs

Aging chondrichthyans has been characterized as a slow and difficult process, but at the same time it is considered of fundamental importance for the holistic management and conservation of their populations. This study aims to assess the age and growth of the longnose spurdog S. blainville, to correlate the results to the species’ biological features and to compare them with those reported in previous studies that used different aging methods. By counting the growth bands on the enamel surface of the dorsal fin spines, age was estimated in 569 out of 810 individuals that were taken as by-catch from commercial fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea during an 8-year period. Spine morphometrics revealed sexual dimorphism as far as spine length, spine base width and spine weight are concerned. The between-sex differences were also reflected in the length-weight relationships, in the gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) indices, and in the condition factor (K). All three somatic indices differed significantly among maturity stages, seasons or age classes. The reproducibility of the age readings was considered high based on the estimated CV and APE precision indices. Age bias plots also indicated no significant intra- and small inter-reader variation. The estimated VBGF parameters were: L∞=1097.3mm, k=0.03 yr−1 and t0=−5.58 yrs for females, and L∞=665.5mm, k=0.08 yr−1 and t0=−3.35 yrs for males. Likelihood ratio tests showed that all growth parameters were statistically significantly different between sexes (χ2=38.26, df=3, P<0.001). Females reached higher longevity (28 yrs) than males (22 yrs) and attained maturity at higher age and larger size (T50=17 yrs and L50=568.1mm) than males did (T50=11.3 yrs and L50=460.6mm). S. blainville seems to be a long-lived shark of slow growth and late maturity, a combination of traits indicating a species of great vulnerability to fishing pressure that can only sustain a low harvest rate.

Age and Growth of the Dusky Shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the Western North Pacific Ocean

Age and growth of the dusky shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the western North Pacific Ocean was estimated based on 434 specimens (213 females and 256 males) collected between September 2002 and November 2003 at the Nanfanao fish market, in northeastern Taiwan. Sex-specific relationships between body weight (W) and total length (TL) were estimated as follows: W=2.03 × 10^(-6)TL^(3.216) (n=209, p ＜ 0.01) for females and W=8.01 × 10^(-6)TL^(2.957) (n=294, p ＜ 0.01) for males. The relationship between TL and the vertebral centrum radius (R) for both sexes (＂sexes-combined＂ data) was described using the following equation TL=14.74 + 20.31R (n=399, p ＜ 0.01). Growth band pairs (including translucent and opaque bands) in precaudal vertebrae were determined to form once annually, based on centrum edge analysis and verified by statistical analysis. The maximum number of growth band pairs was 29 for females and 24 for males. The Robertson growth function best fit the observed length-at-age data. Sex-specific growth equations were not significantly different; thus, the combined growth parameters for both sexes were estimated as: asymptotic length (L_∞)=369.4 cm TL, b=0.912, growth coefficient (k_R)=0.126 yr-1 (n=385, p ＜ 0.01). Age at maturity was estimated to be 16.6 yrs for females and 15.5 yrs for males.

Spirometric “Lung Age” estimation for North African population

BackgroundPublished reference equations predicting Estimated-Lung-Age (ELA) did not reliably predict Chronological-Lung-Age (CLA) data in North African population. AimsTo develop and to validate novel reference equations for ELA from varied anthropometric data and FEV1. MethodsApplying multiple regression analysis, equations predicting ELA were invented using data from 540 never-smokers with normal spirometry (group I). Validation was made based on data from 41 never-smokers with normal spirometry (group II). Equations were further applied for 91 subjects with confirmed COPD. ResultsNovel regression equations allowing prediction of reference value of ELA and normal limits of difference between ELA and CLA were elaborated in both sexes. In males, ELA (yrs)=42.85−20.74×FEV1 (L)+47.41×Body Surface Area (m2)−0.62×Body-Mass-Index (BMI, kg/m2). In females, ELA (yrs)=64.64−8.00×FEV1 (L)−0.17×BMI (kg/m2) + 8.82×Height (m). Normal limits of difference between ELA and CLA were ±16.9yrs in males and ±14.8yrs in females. Established equations predicted ELA of group II with no significant difference between CLA and ELA in either sex (respectively, 42.9±16.6 vs. 40.3±13.7yrs in males, 42.0±13.5 vs. 45.6±7.7yrs in females) ELA was significantly older than CLA age only in COPD with grades III and IV ((ELA minus CLA) (yrs) averaged, respectively, +21.7, +26.4). ConclusionNorth African reference equations enrich the World Bank of reference equations from which the physician should choose according to the patient’s ethnic background.

Karakaya Baraj Gölü’nde yaşayan Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843)’ın yaş, büyüme, üreme ve ölüm oranı

Population structure studies of Aspius vorax (Heckel, 1843) are insufficient despite the species’ commercial importance in Karakaya Reservoir. Thus, the main purpose of this study was to acquire data on some population parameters (age, length- weight relationship, growth, fecundity and mortality) to evaluate the current status of A. vorax for a successful management plan. A total of 249 specimens (102 female and 147 male) were caught and the sex ratio was 1:1.44 (female to male). The age data was estimated from vertebra and ranged between ΙΙ and VΙΙ. Weight increase was allometrical for both sexes. Mean condition factor was CF = 0.839 ± 0.005. The von Bertalanffy growth parameter estimates were L∞ = 93.114 cm, K = 0.153 yrs-1 and to = -1.132 yrs for females, L∞ = 86.494 cm, K = 0.173 yrs-1 and to = -1.078 yrs for males and L∞ = 92.675 cm, K = 0.151 yrs-1 and to = -1. 151 yrs for all individuals. The mean fecundity was 102873. It was found that the stock of A. vorax had been overexploited (E =0.56) in Karakaya Reservoir and the fishing pressure should be reduced to achieve a sustainable fishery.

Primary lung adenocarcinoma: characteristics by smoking habit and sex

The incidence of adenocarcinoma is increasing, particularly among females. We sought to assess the role of tobacco consumption in clinical presentation according to sex. In this retrospective study, 848 patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2006 at Grenoble University Hospital (Grenoble, France) were stratified into four groups according to smoking habits. Differences between sexes and two contrasting female profiles emerged. Female current smokers were younger than female never-smokers (median 51 versus 69 yrs; p < 0.001), more often had surgery (62.7% versus 39%; p = 0.01) and had a median (95% CI) estimated survival of 26.2 (18.1-49.2) versus 15.1 (12.8-22.2) months (p = 0.002). Both groups had similar survival when taking treatment into account. Among males, smoking did not influence presentation. Male current smokers were older than female current smokers (median 59 yrs; p < 0.001) and fewer had surgery (48.8%; p = 0.015), although the percentage of stage IIIb-IV disease was similar (53% and 46%; nonsignificant) and they had a poorer estimated survival of 14.3 (13.0-18.5) months (p = 0.0024). Males smoked more than females (median 41 versus 30 pack-yrs; p < 0.001). Quitting smoking delayed age at diagnosis by 11 yrs for females (p = 0.0035) and 8 yrs for males (p < 0.001). Our results support the hypothesis that carcinogenesis differs between males and females, and between female smokers and never-smokers.

Distinct Variants at LIN28B Influence Growth in Height from Birth to Adulthood

We have studied the largely unknown genetic underpinnings of height growth by using a unique resource of longitudinal childhood height data available in Finnish population cohorts. After applying GWAS mapping of potential genes influencing pubertal height growth followed by further characterization of the genetic effects on complete postnatal growth trajectories, we have identified strong association between variants near LIN28B and pubertal growth (rs7759938; female p = 4.0 x 10(-9), male p = 1.5 x 10(-4), combined p = 5.0 x 10(-11), n = 5038). Analysis of growth during early puberty confirmed an effect on the timing of the growth spurt. Correlated SNPs have previously been implicated as influencing both adult stature and age at menarche, the same alleles associating with taller height and later age of menarche in other studies as with later pubertal growth here. Additionally, a partially correlated LIN28B SNP, rs314277, has been associated previously with final height. Testing both rs7759938 and rs314277 (pairwise r(2) = 0.29) for independent effects on postnatal growth in 8903 subjects indicated that the pubertal timing-associated marker rs7759938 affects prepubertal growth in females (p = 7 x 10(-5)) and final height in males (p = 5 x 10(-4)), whereas rs314277 has sex-specific effects on growth (p for interaction = 0.005) that were distinct from those observed at rs7759938. In conclusion, partially correlated variants at LIN28B tag distinctive, complex, and sex-specific height-growth-regulating effects, influencing the entire period of postnatal growth. These findings imply a critical role for LIN28B in the regulation of human growth.

Hematological profile of sickle cell disease in central India

Hematological profile of homozygous sickle cell disease patients attending RHDMC from Central India is presented. Central India has a huge population of sickle cell disease patients. Though predicted SS in the region is 22-44 %, 81 homozygous of sickle cell patients reported during study period of Jan 2003-Dec 2005. The clinical course of these patients is characterized in most of the cases by relatively long period without any symptoms punctuated by acute clinical events. Hematological profile of these 81 patients with age ranging from 6 month to 64 years is presented. There are 44 males and 37 females with an average age of 14.55yrs in males and 18.13 yrs females. Males out number females in pediatric age group where as females with SCD are attending hospital more in reproductive age group. Very few patients are reported after the age of 30 yrs. Average hemoglobin in males is 7.11 ± 2.13 gms/dl and in females 6.75 ± 1.85 gms/dl with parallel low RBC count.Hemoglobin rise is seen after 14 years of age in males and females. Age related rise in MCV is more noted in females after the age of 5 as compared to males. No age or sex related difference was seen in MCHC values. Hb A(2) levels for males is 2.13 ± 0.95% and for females 2.04 ± 0.91 %.Hb F in males is 19.58 + 5.86% and in females is 20.99 + 4.9%. There is no age and sex related difference in Hb F levels. Moderate to severe anemia with high Hb F dominate Central Indian sickle cell disease patient's hematological profile. The hematological profile in Central India is similar to the profile in other parts of India and Saudi Arabia but different from Jamaica and Africa.

Survival of patients with biopsy-proven usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.

This is the first Australian study to examine survival and clinical characteristics in biopsy-proven idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. A cohort of 70 patients from a single institution between January 1990 and December 1999 was reviewed. All patients were Caucasian, 23 (33%) female. Mean age+/-SD at diagnosis was 60+/-12 yrs for males and 54+/-14 yrs for females. A total 24% of patients had never smoked. The histopathological diagnoses were usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) (n=59), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) (n=7), desquamative interstitial pneumonia (n=3) and acute interstitial pneumonia (n=11). Clinical and functional characteristics of the two main histological subgroups of UIP and NSIP showed significantly older patients in the UIP group and a significantly lower mean forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in the NSIP group. Median survival for UIP was 78 months compared with 178 months for NSIP. No survival difference between treated and untreated patients with UIP was found. Multivariate analysis revealed smoking alone to be predictive of poorer survival. This study demonstrates the best median survival for usual interstitial pneumonia of available series and confirms a survival difference between usual interstitial pneumonia and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. Furthermore, the reported results may have implications for treatment timing using conventional protocols currently recommended.

Estimation of age structure by skeletochronology of a population of Hynobius nebulosus in a breeding season (Amphibia, Urodela).

Using skeletochronology, we determined the age structure of adult Hynobius nebulosus from Kyoto in the breeding season of 1998. From previously marked individuals, the lines of arrested growth proved to be formed once per year, indicating the number of winters each salamander experienced. The age at first reproduction was estimated to be 2.8-2.9 yrs of age in males and 3.8-3.9 yrs in females. The oldest males and females were 9.8-9.9 and 5.8-5.9 yrs of age, respectively, and, therefore the longevity in this species was estimated to be more than 9 yrs for males and 5 yrs for females. The growth curve of male's body size estimated indicated that the growth rate much decreases after males attained sexual maturity. Because body sizes of adults greatly vary even within an age class, it is dangerous to estimate individual age from the size frequency data at least in adults. We discussed age properties in Hynobius by comparing lentic and lotic breeders.

Age Determination of Wrinkled Frog, Rana rugosa with Special Reference to High Variation in Postmetamorphic Body Size (Amphibia: Ranidae)

Individual ages of postmetamorphic R. rugosa from three populations of Kyoto, Japan (Gondoike, Iwakura, and Kiyotaki), were determined skeletochronologically. From recaptured individuals, one LAG was confirmed to be formed per year. In all three populations, age at sexual maturity was 1–2 yrs in males and 2–3 yrs in females, though some females matured at the age of 1 yr. Longevity was at least 4 yrs in males and 5 yrs in females. Sexual size dimorphism was conspicuous in adults, and females were invariably larger than males. Females had a larger asymptotic size than males but growth rate differed between some localities only in males. In all populations, both sexes showed high variations in SVL and the variation was even higher in juveniles than in adults. This high variation is explained by a prolonged breeding season and resultant mixture of metamorphs with and without overwintering larval stage within a population of this species.

A Comparison of Age Structures in Two Populations of a Pond Frog Rana nigromaculata (Amphibia: Anura)

Abstract Using skeletochronology, we compared age structure in the breeding season in two populations (Katata, Shiga Pref. and Shizuhara, Kyoto Pref.) of a pond frog, Rana nigromaculata from central Japan and elucidated interpopulation variation in some life history traits. Newly metamorphosed froglets were larger in SVL, heavier in body mass, and fattier in Katata than in Shizuhara. In both populations, the age at first reproduction was 2 yrs for males and 3 yrs for females. Longevity was estimated to be at least 5 and 6 yrs at Katata and Shizuhara, respectively, for both sexes. Females were on an average significantly older than males in both populations. The modal age in breeding males was 2 yrs in Katata but 4 yrs in Shizuhara, and Katata males (mean=3.27 yr) tended to be younger than Shizuhara males (mean=3.42 yr), although the difference was not significant. Similarly, females did not differ in the mean age in the two populations (4.1 yrs in both populations). In SVL, females were significantly larg...

Age-related changes in gait velocity and leg extension power in middle-aged and elderly people.

To prevent a decline in gait with age, it is necessary to investigate age-related changes in gait performance and detect related factors. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between gait ability and leg extension power among middle-aged and elderly people. Height, weight, maximum gait velocity (MGV) and leg extension power (LEP) were measured in 752 males and females who participated in the National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA). Age-related changes in MGV and LEP and the association between MGV and LEP were assessed. There were significant decline trends in height, weight, MGV and LEP with advancing age (p < 0.001). MGV showed a significantly positive correlation with LEP (in males: r = 0.48 p < 0.001, in females: r = 0.47; p < 0.001). Subjects aged 60 yrs and over showed a significantly higher correlation than those under 60 yrs in males, but not in females, after adjustment for height and weight. Although the relationships between MGV and LEP were different by age and gender, LEP may be one of the important factors in maintaining gait ability.