ABSTRACT The Boarders’ Corpus of Australian Aboriginal English (BAE) comprises over 42 h of audio-recorded conversation among First Nations youth living outta country at St Mary’s Hills, a boarding school in Whadjuk Nyungar Country, in the South of Western Australia. Collected as part of a sociolinguistic ethnographic study at the boarding school, the BAE features 35 young women and five young men, aged 12–17. Due to varying enrolments and cultural protocols in the community, 31 young women were followed ethnographically. All boarders hail from across Western Australia and the Northern Territory. While some are monolingual speakers of Aboriginal English, others also speak traditional languages and/or Kriol. The BAE features casual and unstructured conversations among peers and with the non-First Nations participant-observer researcher in English. As the first spoken corpus of First Nations boarders, this dataset has contributed to our understanding of the linguistic experiences of First Nations communities in mainstream institutions, and the role language plays in the construction of boarders’ sociolinguistic identities as they navigate the educational system away from home. It has allowed for the exploration of boarders’ variable use of phonetic and morpho-syntactic features and the social meanings underpinning linguistic variation.

While smartphones are ubiquitous, especially among young people, their usage has created new avenues for abuse. Technology-facilitated intimate partner violence (TFIPV) can lead to several negative impacts on physical and mental health. Studies have found higher victimization rates among young people and mixed results based on gender identity. This study examines various forms of TFIPV victimization among U.S. young adults, focusing on its associations with physical intimate partner violence (IPV), gender identity, and mental health. Using data from the Year-22 survey of the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study, our cross-sectional analysis included a sample of 1,053 young adults who were in a serious relationship, engaged, or married. Our findings highlight the link between TFIPV and physical IPV, as individuals who experienced physical IPV had almost 10 times the odds of experiencing TFIPV compared to those who had not experienced physical IPV. Young men reported TFIPV victimization rates at least two times greater than young women; however, worse mental health outcomes were found only among young women. Individuals with less education were more likely to experience TFIPV compared to individuals with college degrees, regardless of gender. Our results suggest the need to challenge the stereotype that men are less likely to be victims of TFIPV, a stereotype that discourages men from identifying as victims and seeking help. Prevention and intervention frameworks should move toward inclusive and gender-neutral approaches, while still acknowledging that the types of abuse may vary by gender. In addition, programming should highlight the different forms TFIPV can take and normalize open discussions about unhealthy digital relationship dynamics.

ABSTRACT Previous literature links emotional dysregulation (ED) to HIV acquisition risk and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. This study assessed the relationship between ED, HIV acquisition risk, and IPV perpetration cross-sectionally and longitudinally among men (18–30 years) in urban informal settlements and rural areas in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Data were drawn from 163 young men enrolled in a pilot randomized controlled trial of Stepping Stones and Creating Futures Plus (SSCF+). Regression models were used to examine baseline and longitudinal associations. Informed by previous findings that SSCF+ reduced ED among men with elevated depressive symptoms, we assessed whether the intervention modified ED – HIV/IPV associations in this subgroup using ED × intervention interaction terms among participants with elevated depressive symptoms (n = 56). Cross-sectionally, ED was associated with multiple sexual partners, alcohol use and drug use. Longitudinally, only alcohol abuse remained significantly associated with ED (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.11). ED increased the risk of emotional and combined IPV perpetration cross-sectionally, and longitudinally ED was associated with physical (aOR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.13), emotional (aOR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.11), sexual (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.10), and combined IPV perpetration (adjusted beta coefficient [aβ] 0.16, 95% CI 0.03–0.34). Among men with elevated depressive symptoms, combined IPV perpetration increased with ED in the control group but remained relatively flat in the intervention group. Addressing ED within IPV and HIV prevention programming may be an important strategy for reducing men’s IPV perpetration and HIV risk.

The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of ramp incremental (RI) tests with different ramp slopes to predict the work capacity above critical power (CP), which is termed W´. We hypothesized that RI tests with higher slopes would underestimate W´, whereas RI tests with lower slopes would provide accurate estimates. Thirteen healthy young men (23 ± 3 yr, 180 ± 7 cm, 71.8 ± 5 kg) performed a maximal RI test (30 W·min-1), followed by three to five constant work rate (CWR) tests to conventionally determine CP and W´CWR. Additionally, they performed a slow and fast RI test (10 and 50 W·min-1, respectively). W´ estimated from the RI tests was calculated as the work perfomed above CP and referred to as W´R30, W´R10 and W´R50. Each RI test was performed until exhaustion, after which a power output (PO) above CP was imposed, which was also maintained until exhaustion to calculate the remaining W´ after the RI test (W´+), resulting in total W´ values (W´T_R30, W´T_R10, W´T_R50). W´R30 (p = 0.018), W´R10 (p = 0.006) and W´R50 (p < 0.001) significantly underestimated W´CWR. W´T_R30 (p = 0.671), W´T_R10 (p = 0.072), W´T_R50 (p = 0.264) were not different from W´CWR but exhibited a substantial variability. W´ determination from a RI test results in an underestimation compared to values obtained with traditional CWR methodology, irrespective of the imposed ramp slope. Although adding a supra-CP work bout immediately following termination of the RI test may reduce this difference, substantial variability in W´ estimation remains.

To identify contextual factors that harm and protect the mental health of Black and Latinx gay and bisexual men, this study examined (a) associations between dating app use and psychological distress over time mediated by sexual racism, with (b) moderation by different sources of supportive social connections (i.e., general social support, gay community connection, and racial/ethnic community connection). Using three waves of the Healthy Young Men's Cohort Study with Black and Latinx gay and bisexual men (N = 412), multiple moderated mediation path analyses were tested. Dating app use was associated with more sexual racism, and sexual racism was positively associated with psychological distress. High, but not low, racial/ethnic community connection diminished the effects of sexual racism on psychological distress, and social support from family and friends and gay community connection did not. Furthermore, the indirect effect of dating app use on psychological symptoms through sexual racism was significant. All social support indicators modified this indirect effect, such that the indirect effects were significant only at low values of general social support and at low racial/ethnic and gay community connection. For Black and Latinx gay and bisexual men, the impact of dating app use on psychological distress may occur through elevated experiences of sexual racism. These associations may be diminished with greater access to general social support and community connection. Findings highlight the dual need for reducing racism on dating apps and for increasing access to general and community-specific forms of social connection and support. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

We recently reported that countdown (CD) before voluntary exercise induced cerebral activation and pressor responses, resulting in muscle vasodilation (Manabe et al. J Appl Physiol 128: 1196-1206, 2020). We examined whether responses were enhanced as peak aerobic capacity (V̇o2peak) increased. We studied 27 young men with V̇o2peak from 25.2 to 61.4 mL·kg-1·min-1. We evaluated CD responses before initiating voluntary cycling at 50% of V̇o2peak for 1 min in a semirecumbent position while measuring middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (VMCA; Doppler ultrasonography), heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP; finger photoplethysmography), oxygen consumption rate (V̇o2), cardiac output (Qc; ModelFlow), total peripheral resistance (MAP/Qc), and oxygen saturation in thigh muscle (near-infrared spectrometry). All subjects performed eight trials, intermitted by ≥5-min rest, and were either given a 30-s countdown (CD+) or immediately signaled to begin exercise (CD-), with the order randomized and counterbalanced. We classified subjects with both VMCA and MAP increases by CD as "responders" (Resp, n = 11) and those with either VMCA or MAP increase, or an increase of neither, as "minimal responders" (MinResp, n = 16). We found that cerebro-cardiovascular and V̇o2 responses to CD before starting exercise were all significantly greater in Resp than in MinResp (all P < 0.017), and cerebro-cardiovascular responses were significantly correlated with individual V̇o2peak in data pooled from both groups (all P < 0.034). The increase in V̇o2 by CD in Resp continued for a few seconds after starting exercise. Thus, cerebro-cardiovascular responses to CD before starting voluntary exercise were enhanced, as individual V̇o2peak increased in young men, which might accelerate V̇o2 response at starting exercise.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The delay of oxygen transport to muscle at the onset of exercise by the cardio-respiratory system increases anaerobic energy production and oxygen deficit, which can disturb a smooth start of exercise. We found that the anticipatory cerebro-cardiovascular responses evoked by a countdown before starting voluntary exercise were enhanced as peak aerobic capacity increased, suggesting that the central as well as peripheral mechanisms contribute to increasing aerobic energy production at the onset of exercise.

P0491 Increased risk of erectile and testicular dysfunction among young men with type 2 diabetes treated with semaglutide: A global trinetx cohort analysis

A0366 Comparative effects of finasteride and dutasteride on semen parameters in young men with androgenic alopecia: A randomized controlled study

A0701 Exploring the diagnostic yield of prostate MRI for prostate cancer detection in younger men: implications for MRI interpretation across different age thresholds

Comparative Effects of Isometric Exercise Types on 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Young Men with Prehypertension: An Acute Pilot Trial

Although oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been instrumental in decreasing HIV incidence, its daily dosing regimen poses adherence challenges. Using an agent-based network model informed by empirical data, we simulate the impact of introducing long-acting injectable (LAI) PrEP among young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) in Los Angeles County, a group disproportionately affected by HIV. Computer simulations using an agent-based network model. We modeled HIV transmission among YBMSM over 10 years under scenarios varying the proportion of PrEP users opting for LAI instead of oral medications and adherence levels to LAI retention. The model was calibrated with empirical data and included dynamic sexual networks, HIV progression, and biomedical interventions. Modeling showed that LAI PrEP substantially reduced HIV incidence and prevalence over 10 years compared with oral PrEP alone. Scenarios with LAI retention (ie, continued use across bimonthly dosing cycles) rates of 60% or higher resulted in reductions comparable with or exceeding those achieved by oral PrEP, with up to a 45% decrease in HIV incidence observed when all PrEP users switched to LAI and retention reached 85%. Long-acting injectable PrEP offers significant potential to advance HIV prevention efforts among YBMSM by addressing adherence challenges inherent to oral PrEP. Integrating LAI into public health initiatives may yield substantial reductions in HIV incidence, contributing to ending the HIV epidemic among this high-priority population.

A0408 Confirmation of Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) values improves prostate cancer screening for young men – data from the PROBASE trial

Testicular frozen section examination on excisional biopsy (FSEB) is an underused pathological and surgical approach, considering the increasing number of small benign testicular lesions found on radical orchidectomy specimens. This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of FSEB and to provide a pathological summary of the most frequent diagnoses and pitfalls. We report the pathological findings and definitive outcome of 135 FSEB for small testicular masses performed between 2005 and 2024 in a single institute. The median tumour size was 0.9 cm (Interquartile Range [IQR] 0.5-1.3 cm). The most common FSEB diagnoses were Leydig cell hyperplasia/tumour (n = 37; 28%) and seminoma (n = 36; 27%). On FSEB, benign diagnoses represented 58% of cases which allowed us to avoid 81 unnecessary radical orchidectomies. The sensitivity and specificity of FSEB for malignancy were 100% and 96.3%, respectively. Excluding three indeterminate cases on FSEB, the concordance rate was 97.7% (129/132). On definitive assessment, the majority of cases were benign (84/135, 62%) and 51 (38%) cases were malignant. The three indeterminate cases were ultimately confirmed as benign. There were three false-positive diagnoses of (favoured) malignancy and no false negatives. FSEB is accurate for patient management of small testicular lesions, allowing us to save young men from unnecessary radical orchidectomy. We provide an in-depth overview of the most prevalent pathological diagnoses encountered.

Selling masculinity - A qualitative analysis of gender representations in social media content about "low T".

On exploring muscle aging of the biceps brachii in the middle-aged population using HD-sEMG signal analysis.

In 2022, over two thirds of individuals diagnosed with HIV in the United States were people of color, half resided in the south, and 67% of new cases were attributed to male-to male sexual transmission (Centers For Disease Control, 2024). To combat these health disparities, the Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) initiative recommends that HIV prevention research focus on targeted populations and geographic regions with high rates of new HIV diagnosis. There are limited data on the relative efficiency of social media and dating apps for the recruitment of key EHE populations to HIV prevention studies. The LITE-2 Study aimed to recruit a national sample of approximately 3,000 young men who have sex with men (YMSM), at least 30% Black/African American and 30% Hispanic/Latino. This analysis compared the success of different social media platforms in relation to study goals, using descriptive statistics from the LITE-2 study (N = 2999) to assess enrollment count, eligibility rates, cost, and geographic distribution for each platform. Facebook had the highest enrollment rate, 45.38%, among eligible screeners. The cost per enrolled participant for Grindr, Sniffies, Scruff, Jack'd, and Adam4Adam was $118.02, $129.46, $220.59, $252.53, and $305.56 respectively. Jack'd had the highest proportion of Black participants, and Sniffies the highest proportion of Hispanic/Latino individuals. Use of Scruff resulted in enrollment of the highest proportion of participants in the rural EHE jurisdictions (47.1%). These findings inform digital recruitment strategies for future studies with similar racial/ethnic and geographic targets.

The relationship between obesity and pulmonary function is difficult to interpret using body mass index (BMI) alone because BMI cannot distinguish adiposity from lean mass. This study evaluated whether body fat percentage (BF%) is more strongly associated with pulmonary function than BMI in Korean never-smokers. We retrospectively analyzed 33,748 never-smoking adults who underwent spirometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis during health screenings between January 2007 and December 2014. Pulmonary function was assessed using forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) from pre-bronchodilator spirometry. Participants were stratified by BF% quartiles. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the association between BF% and lung function after adjustment for age, BMI, waist circumference, and metabolic factors. In sensitivity analyses, lung function impairment was defined using lower limit of normal (LLN) criteria, and multivariable logistic regression was applied to evaluate restrictive and obstructive patterns. Higher BF% was consistently associated with lower FVC and FEV₁ in both sexes across all BMI categories (all P < 0.001). After full adjustment, individuals in the lowest BF% quartile demonstrated significantly higher lung function than those in the highest quartile (β for FVC: + 0.65 L in men and +0.36 L in women; β for FEV₁: + 0.46 L in men and +0.28 L in women; all P < 0.05). These associations were most pronounced in younger men and in individuals with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². In LLN-based analyses, elevated BF% was independently associated with a markedly increased risk of restrictive impairment in both men (OR 3.31, 95% CI 2.46-4.47) and women (OR 3.19, 95% CI 2.69-3.79), whereas no independent association was observed with obstructive patterns. BF% is independently and inversely associated with pulmonary function and is selectively linked to restrictive ventilatory impairment, offering more refined respiratory risk stratification than BMI in Korean never-smokers.

Light, acting primarily via melanopsin-mediated signaling, plays a central role in synchronising circadian rhythms. Individuals vary markedly in the sensitivity of their circadian system to light. Whether these differences contribute to the interindividual variability in chronotype, a behavioural manifestation of internal circadian timing, is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between melanopsin-dependent light sensitivity and chronotype and to assess whether age and sex modulate this association across the general population. Participants (adults and children aged ≥ 8 years) were recruited in a science museum. Chronotype was determined using the μMCTQ. The post-illumination pupillary response (PIPR) was used as a measure of melanopsin-dependent light sensitivity. The relationship between PIPR and chronotype and their interaction with age and sex were assessed using multiple linear regression. Pupil recordings and questionnaires were obtained from 433 participants, including 269 adults (age range: 18-75 years) and 164 children (age range: 8-17 years). In adults, the relationship between melanopsin-dependent light sensitivity and chronotype depends on sex and age: greater light sensitivity is linked to a significantly later chronotype in young adult men and to an earlier chronotype in older adult women. In children, no evidence was found for a relationship between light sensitivity and chronotype. Individual variation in light sensitivity interacts with sex- and age-specific differences in the circadian system and light exposure behaviour to influence circadian timing. Light exposure recommendations should be personalised to take into account these sex- and age-specific effects.

Physical activity (PA) benefits mental health, yet uptake and adherence are challenging, particularly for those affected by depression. Active virtual reality gaming (AVRG) may provide an engaging route to increase PA. To investigate the feasibility and acceptability of AVRG for increasing PA engagement and adherence in young men, and to explore effects on mental-health-related outcomes. In a randomised controlled feasibility trial (n = 30), physically inactive males aged 18-29, reporting mild to moderate depressive symptoms were allocated to Active AVRG (n = 14) or Waitlist (WL) control (n = 16). The intervention ran for 8 weeks with a 4-week post-trial follow-up. Exploratory analysis of secondary outcomes compared pre- and post-AVRG scores using paired t-test (normal), or Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test (non-normal); correlations used Pearson's or Spearman's coefficients. Both the feasibility and acceptability criteria were met with 67% of potentially eligible participants, and 100% of those who booked phone screening randomised and enrolled. Retention was high, with 93.3% completing the study, and 87.5% completing all data collection measures. Exploratory analysis of secondary outcomes, showed a significant reduction in both Patient Health Questionnaire- 9 (PHQ-9) scores mean difference (MD) -2.82, (p = 0.006) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale- 21 (DASS-21) stress scores MD -3.56 (p = 0.049) over the intervention period, as well as a very strong (p = 0.001) negative correlation (r =-0.57) between PHQ-9 score and number of sessions, a strong (p = 0.01) negative correlation between PHQ-9 and number of sessions > 30 mins. In addition, a moderate (p = 0.03) negative correlation (r =-0.43) was found between post-intervention DASS-21 Depression score and number of sessions > 30 mins. PA increased over the course of the intervention with none of the participants meeting the Australian National PA Guidelines at baseline, increasing to 50% at end of trial. This study found that a home-based AVRG intervention was feasible, acceptable, and safe for young men with mild-moderate depressive symptoms, with high recruitment, retention, and adherence. Exploratory findings indicate improvements in PA and favourable changes in mental-health measures. These results support progression to a fully powered trial. This trial was registered with the Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (approved 22/12/2020, Registration number: ACTRN12620001372976).

This study aims to examine the relationship between social appearance anxiety and genital self-image in young adult men. This cross-sectional study was conducted between July 15, 2024, and September 15, 2025, involving 245 male individuals residing in the city center of eastern Turkey. The research data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and the Male Genital Self-Image Scale (MGIS). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software. Descriptive statistics (number, percentage, minimum and maximum scores, mean, standard deviation), ANOVA, independent samples t-test, Cronbach's α, simple linear regression, and multiple regression analyses were utilized in the evaluation. The participants' average age was 21.37 ± 2.24 years, and their average daily social media usage time was 4.83 ± 2.85h. It was found that 71.4% of the participants were university graduates, 37.6% were in a romantic relationship, and 70.2% had a normal body mass index. The mean SAAS score was 31.84 ± 11.74, while the mean MGIS score was 23.26 ± 4.54. A negative and low-level significant relationship was found between social appearance anxiety and genital self-image (p < 0.05). This study found that participants exhibited low levels of social appearance anxiety and high levels of genital self-image, and Social appearance anxiety was found to explain 4.6% of the variance in genital self-image. There is a need for more comprehensive research that systematically examines influential factors across diverse populations and age groups.