Yellow Pan Trap Research Articles

Identifikasi Serangga Hama Selada Hidroponik sebagai Langkah Awal Penyediaan Sayur Sehat

Hydroponic agriculture in urban areas is one of urban farming, an agricultural system without using soil media that uses narrow land in urban areas and is free from the use of synthetic pesticides. This purposes of this study were to identify the species, analyze the diversity, and abundance of insects that attack lettuce on hydroponic land. The samples were collected by using the yellow pan trap, netting, and hand picking methods. Identification of insects based on morphological characteristics. Data were analyzed by the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) and abundance index (Di). The results showed that there were 18 species of insects belongs to 13 families that attacked hydroponic lettuce, namely the family Acrididae, Agromyzidae, Aleyrodidae, Calliphoridae, Coccinellidae, Crambidae, Dolichopodidae, Hesperiidae, Noctuidae, Pieridae, Psilidae, Stratiomyidae, and Syrphidae. The diversity of the insects was in the category medium with a diversity index value of 2,707 and the most abundant species found was Chrysodeixis chalcites 11,70%, Spodoptera litura 10,64%, and Pieris rapae 9,57%.

Diversity of Insect Pest in Monoculture and Polyculture Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Plantation in South Aceh District

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is one of the most potential plantation commodities in Indonesia. Among the locations of nutmeg production is in South Aceh, and most of them are smallholder plantations. The highly fluctuation in nutmeg productivity has pushed some farmers to change their plantation type to polyculture, although the others still maintain the plantations in monoculture type. The difference of plantation type is estimated to affect toward the ecosystem composition, including the composition of insects potentially as a pest in nutmeg. This study aims to determine the diversity of insects that have the potential as pests in both types of nutmeg plantations. This research was conducted on nutmeg plantations in Samadua and Meukek Sub Districts, South Aceh District. Insect collection was carried out by using light trap, pit fall trap, and yellow pan trap. Identification of the insects order was carried out at the Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty Teuku Umar University. The results of the data analysis showed that both types of nutmeg plantations had moderate pest insect diversity levels, diversity index in monoculture plantation 1.39 and polyculture plantation 1.8, respectively, where no group of orders dominated. There are 5 orders of insects known to have potential as pest insects in monoculture plantations, while in polyculture plantations are 6 orders and 2 orders of insects as vectors of plant diseases.

Four new genera of Schizopteridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from the Afrotropical and Neotropical regions.

Despite a recent surge of taxonomic work on the dipsocoromorphan family Schizopteridae, new genus-level taxa remain to be documented and described. The curation of Malaise and Yellow Pan Trap sample residues from Central and South America and Cameroon resulted in the discovery of five undescribed species that based on combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses represent four phylogenetically isolated lineages within non-hypselosomatine Schizopteridae. To accommodate these new species, we here describe the four new genera Caucanannus gen. n. (Colombia, Ecuador, and Brazil) with Caucanannus perplexus sp. n. and Caucanannus novissimis sp. n.; Kamakonocoris gen. n. (Cameroon) with Kamakonocoris carinata sp. n.; Perittonannus gen. n. (Costa Rica) with Perittonannus antiquus sp. n.; and Rimanannus gen. n. (Cameroon) with Rimanannus camerunensis sp. n. The four genera are characterized by distinctive wing venation and male and female genitalic features. We provide habitus photographs and document morphological details using digital macrophotography as well as light compound microscopic and scanning electron microscopic images. Maps and measurements are also included.

Insect diversity profile of mangrove ecosystem in Menipo Nature Tourism Park, East Amarasi, East Nusa Tenggara

Insects are one of the biotic components that make up the mangrove ecosystem. The diversity of insects is believed to be used as one of the bio-indicators of the condition of the mangrove ecosystem. This study aimed at determining the profile of insect diversity in the mangrove ecosystem in Menipo Nature Tourism Park, East Amarasi, East Nusa Tenggara. The study was conducted in February 2018 to June 2018. Insect capture was carried out using the yellow pan trap method. Data analysis was done quantitatively to determine the profile of mangrove insects. The profile of mangrove insect diversity was determined based on species richness index, Shannon-Wienner diversity index, evenness index, and Jaccard similarity index. The results showed that there were 14 species, 11 families, and 5 orders with a total number of 56 individuals in mangrove ecosystem of Menipo Nature Tourism Park. Genetic wealth of mangrove buffer was still relatively low (R1 <3.5). The diversity of mangrove insects was classified as moderate (H’ = 1 - 3). All mangrove insects had almost the same level of evenness (E <1). The similarity index of mangrove insects in Menipo Nature Tourism Park, East Amarasi ranges from 0.18 to 0.5, meaning that the similarity of mangrove insect species among the three stations was different from each other.

The The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

Abstract. Ikhsan Z, Hidrayani, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2020. The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1020-1026. Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect orders and it plays a vital role in human life as pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important as agents of biological control of pest. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Samplings were conducted in 3 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang and Reteh, using four trapping techniques (i.e. insect net, malaise trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap). Shannon diversity index (H '), Krebs evenness index (E), and Jaccard similarity index (Is) were calculated. We found 4,701 individuals consisting of 39 families and 319 species of Hymenoptera at the three studied areas. Tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir District had a high species diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and Hymenoptera predators, but a moderate species diversity of Hymenoptera pollinators. Species diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoids and predators were higher in Keritang than in Batang Tuaka and Reteh. The families of Formicidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae had the highest number of species, while Formicidae, Scelionidae, Diapriidae, and Braconidae had the highest number of individuals. Based on these findings, the abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera insects in Indragiri Hilir District have the potentials to be developed as biological agents to control pests on tidal swamp rice in this area.

Distance of agricultural land from natural habitat affects the functional trait diversity and species diversity but not abundance of Hymenoptera parasites

In agricultural landscapes, natural habitat may enhance species diversity or the abundance of natural enemies in arable lands, and thereby suppress pest populations effectively. However, there is a lack of studies in Tropical regions about these interactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the community structure of Hymenoptera parasites at two distances (<200 m and > 400 m) from edges of natural habitat to cucumber fields. This research was carried out in twelve cucumber fields in West Java, Indonesia. Hymenopteran parasites were collected by yellow pan trap and hand picking of parasitized lepidopteran larvae. In total, 19 family and 130 parasitoid species, comprising 19,167 individuals, were collected in our experiments. A number of 56 (43.1%) hymenopteran parasites species found only in cropping with a certain distance away from the natural habitat. Of these, as many as 39 species (69.6%) hymenopteran parasites found in cucumber fields within close natural habitats, while the crop is being of natural habitats found 17 species (13.1%). Moreover, the functional diversity of hymenopteran parasites tends to increase on cropland closed to natural habitat. We conclude that distance of agricultural land to natural habitat affect hymenopteran parasites.

Insect diversity of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) plantation under different shade trees in Pakuwon, Sukabumi

Cacao is one of important commodities which has significant contribution to Indonesian economy. One main factor in cacao cultivation is the shade tree. In Indonesia, the shade tree for cacao may vary. The study aimed to determine the most suitable shade tree for insect diversity in cacao plantation, conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station and Integrated Laboratory of IIBCRI from January to May 2019. The shade trees in used were banana (KP), Ramayana (KR), and coconut (KK). Insect diversity was observed using yellow pan trap and pitfall trap in the field. The trapped insects were identified until order then their abundance were analysed statistically. Result showed the shade trees species are affecting the insect diversity in cacao plantation. The lowest population of insect from in cacao plantation from January to May 2019 was found in banana as shade tree, whereas the highest abundance was found in Ramayana. The highest abundance of the family in the area was from Hymenoptera order and Formicidae family.

Abundance and diversity of natural enemies related to chrysanthemum aphid suppression with botanical insecticides

The botanical insecticide is one of the strategies to control insect pests in greenhouse pest management programs which effective against pests and selective to natural enemies. A plastic house study was conducted to evaluate the safety of botanical insecticide against natural enemies associated with chrysanthemum aphids. Two series concentration of neem oil insecticides at 3.0 and 3.5% was conducted to investigate the effect of calendar application on the abundance and diversity of natural enemies. The species abundance and diversity of natural enemies were determined by visual assessment, yellow pan trap and sweep net sampling. Based on the research result, there are sixteen species of Aphis gossypii natural enemies from 256 individuals belonging to 12 families under 8 different orders. The most dominant predator was Coccinellidae, Syrphidae and Hemerobiidae families. Coccinellids predator Menochilus sexmaculatus was found to be dominant with the high number of species. Neem oil insecticides did not affect abundance, and composition of natural enemies of chrysanthemum aphids, especially on Coccinellids predator. Therefore, neem oil-based insecticides can be a substantial contribution towards the preservation of biodiversity in plastic house ecosystem.

Insects as Pollinator of Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord. Flower in Resort Bandealit, Meru Betiri National Park

Rafflesia zollingeriana Koord. is a typical Indonesian flora located in Meru Betiri National Park. It is a diesis flower whose need pollinators for its pollination. This study guessed to predict the type of insect pollinators of R. zollingeriana Koord. at Bandealit Resort, Meru Betiri National Park (TNMB). Data retrieval uses yellow pan trap and sweeps net for observing flying insects and behavioral observation to deal with insects that are active in R. zollingeriana Koord. Measurements of temperature, humidity, and canopy density carried out on sample plots. Estimation of pollinator done by comparing flying insects found with insects that are active in flower. There are 589 individuals of insect trapped consisting of 45 families, 12 orders, and five individuals unidentified. There are four female flowers and one male flower that blooms. Attractive insects as pollinators are Lucilia from Calliphoridae family, Diptera order.

KEANEKARAGAMAN SERANGGA DI KAWASAN IUPHHK-HTI PT. MUARA SUNGAI LANDAK KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH KALIMANTAN BARAT

Insect is a dominant group of animals on earth with the most common number of species and individuals compared to other animal groups. Research about insect diversity in the forest area of IUPHHK-HTI PT. Muara Sungai Landak in swamp peat forest should be done to know its role. The research was aimed to determine the species of insects and to know the effect of environmental factors to insects in the area of PT. Muara Sungai Landak. Insects collected from five different age groups of plants with trapping methods using pit fall trap, yellow pan trap, and light trap. Insects found in the area of PT. Muara Sungai Landak counted as many as to 282 individuals consisting of 18 species, 15 families, and 6 orders. The most widely found number of individuals was the species of Condylostylus longicornis. The highest diversity value was found in the two-year plant age group with a diversity value of H' = 1,69654, while the lowest diversity value was found in the three-year plant age group with the value H ' = 1,20751

Kompleksitas lanskap pertanian dan pengaruhnya terhadap keanekaragaman Hymenoptera parasitika

Kompleksitas lanskap pertanian mempengaruhi keanekaragaman hayati pada suatu agro ekosistem. Lanskap pertanian yang kompleks cenderung memiliki keanekaragaman dan komposisi spesies yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan lanskap pertanian yang sederhana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keanekaragaman dan komposisi spesies Hymenoptera parasitika pada kompleksitas lanskap pertanian yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan pada empat lahan pertanaman mentimun di Kabupaten Bogor dengan dua lahan terletak pada lanskap pertanian kompleks dan dua lahan pada lanskap pertanian sederhana. Di setiap lahan mentimun, ditentukan plot pengambilan contoh berukuran 25 m x 50 m dan dilakukan pengambilan contoh Hymenoptera parasitika dengan menggunakan perangkap nampan kuning, perangkap malaise, dan pengambilan inang. Sebanyak 233 spesies Hymenoptera parasitika diperoleh dari empat lahan mentimun selama dua musim tanam berbeda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman dan komposisi spesies Hymenoptera parasitika tidak menunjukkan perbedaan pada lanskap pertanian yang sederhana dan yang kompleks. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa keanekaragaman dan komposisi spesies Hymenoptera parasitika pada lahan pertanaman mentimun di Bogor tidak dipengaruhi oleh kompleksitas lanskap.

Flight phenology and trap selection for monitoring potential viral vector Aphididae and Aleyrodidae (Hemiptera) in strawberry (Rosaceae) fields of Québec, Canada

AbstractStrawberry decline disease, predominantly viral in origin, was a serious threat to the strawberry (Fragaria x ananassaDuchesne ex Rozier; Rosaceae) fields of Québec, Canada, between 2012 and 2014. Our aim was to monitor the abundance and activity of the main insect vectors: the strawberry aphid,Chaetosiphon fragaefolii(Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the greenhouse whitefly,Trialeurodes vaporariorumWestwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). First, we compared the effectiveness of two trapping techniques, the yellow sticky trap and the yellow pan trap. Results showed that the sticky traps are more effective in capturing alates in flight. Second, we determined the peak flight period for each of the two vectors in several locations within the province of Québec. Results suggest that the peak abundance of wingedC. fragaefoliiis during the first two weeks of August, while the peak abundance ofT. vaporariorumis in the last two weeks of September. Overall trap captures also found 53 different species of winged aphids, and we documented a new distribution record on commercial strawberry fields in Québec,Aleyrodes spiraeoides(Quaintance) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Species composition and significant information of flight periods will be useful for the management of virus-transmitting insects associated with strawberry decline disease in Québec.

Diversity of parasitic fauna of conventional rice ecosystem during kuruvai season at Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu

Arthropod natural enemies are often vital biological control agents of various insect pests of rice ecosystem which include a wide range of predators and parasitoids. Determining the natural enemies and biodiversity of rice fields is the first step to success in biological control and IIPM (Integrated production and pest management) programmes. In the present study, there were four methods of collection viz. sweep net, Malaise trap, UV light trap and yellow pan trap were used to gather parasitoids from ADT-36 rice variety during Kuruvai season (June - September) in 2012. The rice variety was cultivated following the conventional practices like application of inorganic manures, pesticides, micronutrients etc., The results of the diversity of parasitic fauna of conventional rice ecosystem revealed that a total of 889 parasitoids were collected through net sweep, 631 in Malaise trap, 534 in yellow pan trap and 308 in UV light trap during Kuruvai, 2012. Thirteen different agriculturally important parasitic families were collected and identified. Among the families collected, Ichneumonidae, Braconidae, Scelionidae and Chalcididae were found predominant. Dryniidae was recorded only in yellow pan trap. Among the collection methods employed, Net sweep was found to be the best in collection of parasitoids than other methods in conventional rice ecosystems.

Population dynamics of aphid species in Korean seed potato cultivation area over four decades

AbstractThe world's climate is changing. This can affect agricultural insects and the damage they cause by altering their ecology, behavior and habitats. Aphids are emerging as an indicator of climate change, and they are a good model for understanding these environmental changes, especially based on their migratory behavior. In this study, the occurrence of aphids in a seed potato field in Pyeongchang, Korea, was monitored daily using a yellow water pan trap from 1977 to 2017. During these 40 years, the annual migration fluctuations of the aphids were analyzed, with particular focus on four species known to vector potato viruses, Aphis gossypii, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, and Myzus persicae. It was found that, as time goes by, the start point of spring migration in these aphid species was getting earlier while the peak in autumn migration gradually moved to the winter season. Moreover, the annual total number of collected aphids increased by 3.74 times during the 40 years. Together with a mean annual temperature increase of 1.03°C in Pyeongchang over the past four decades, there is a potential threat of expansion in the distribution of aphid species. Therefore, we carefully hypothesized that this temperature change could influence the aphid's population changes in the Korean peninsula. This information can be used in an integrated aphid management program in seed potato cultivation.

Fluctuation of Insect Population on Rice Field in Pangkalan Sub-district Karawang Regency: Indicator for Environmental Health

Pangkalan Sub-district is a forest edge area in Karawang that is rich in flora and fauna that has not been much identified. Because of its unique location that is bordered by primary forest, agricultural ecosystems in the area will not be separated from the influence of the surrounding forest. So, it is necessary to know more about the diversity and abundance of insects in the wetland rice ecosystems.The research was conducted in Pangkalan sub-district, Karawang regency. The size of each plot was 5 x 5 m (25 m2) and each treatment was repeated five times. Treatments carried out with integrated pest management (IPM), chemical pest management techniques (P-K), and Mixed Pest Management (P-C). Insect retrieval technique using sweep net method, yellow pan trap, and direct observation. The abundance of arthropod species found in 12 Orders consist of: Thysanoptera Order (2.4%), Orthoptera (0.5%), Odonata (1.4%), Mantodea (0%), Lepidoptera (8.7%), Hymenoptera (2.4%), Hemiptera (61.8%), Diptera (2.4%), Derma ptera (3.6%), Coleoptera (8.3%), Architaenioglossa (0.5%), and Aranea (8.0%). Based on the species richness, it was found that the orders of Diptera (25 species), Coleoptera (19 species), and Hymenoptera (18 species) showed higher numbers than other orders. The H 'diversity index in this study ranged from 1.99 to 2.45, the D index ranged from 0.73 to 0.88, and the E index ranged from 0.5 to 0.7. Overall the P-K plots showed a lower population abundance compared to IPM and P-C plots. Intense and scheduled spraying of insecticides on P-K plots causes a lower population abundance, which makes the diversity become low. Keywords: Rice pests, diversity of insects, natural enemies, pesticides, integrated pest control (IPM)

A study on five sampling methods of parasitic hymenopterans in rice ecosystem

For insect diversity studies to be of value, the sampling methods employed must produce samples representative of the community or taxon selected for the investigation. However, as yet, few evaluations on the variability and effectiveness of sampling methods have been undertaken. The survey was carried out in the rice fields during 2015-16 in Paddy Breeding Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. From this study a total of 1,019 parasitoid individuals were collected. Among six different collection methods employed for sampling hymenopteran parasitoids in rice ecosystem, the yellow pan trap at ground level was found to be the most effective method in trapping the parasitoids (27.2 ± 2.56 parasitoids per day) followed by sweep net method (12.1 ± 1.03 parasitoids per day). The next best sampling method is yellow pan trap erected at canopy level which recorded a mean of 9.2 ± 2.26 parasitoids per day. The other three traps viz., malaise trap, suction trap and light trap were found to collect less number (<1.5) of parasitoids per day.

KEANEKARAGAMAN HYMENOPTERA PARASITIKA PADA TIPE EKOSISTEM BERBEDA DI BANGKA TENGAH, KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG

Diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera in different ecosystem types in Central Bangka, Bangka-Belitung Islands.Hymenoptera richness is dominated by parasitic species. More than 80% of Hymenoptera play a role as parasitoid on arthropods that are mostly insects. Diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera is widely studied in various types of terrestrial ecosystems including agro-ecosystem and non-agro-ecosystem. This study aimed to invent and compare the diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera in three different ecosystems, i.e., forest, oil palm plantation, and ex-tin mining. The location was located in Central Bangka Regency, Bangka Island. The study was conducted in Juli 2014 until October 2015. Parasitic Hymenoptera was collected with insect sweep net and yellow pan trap on one transect line with 1000 m length. Parasitic Hymenoptera were found on forest as much as 732 morphospecies, 326 morphospecies on oil palm plantations, and 293 morphospecies on ex-tin mining. Diversity and abundance of parasitic Hymenoptera on forest was higher than oil palm plantation and ex-tin mining area. Braconidae family was found dominant on forest, however on oil palm plantation and extin mining area the dominant family was Scelionidae.

Interactions among Diversity of Arthropods in Areas with Mahogany in East Java, Indonesia

Purwodadi Botanical Garden has several subareas of invasive exotic species, such as Swietania macrophylla. This species reduces endemic species and disturbs the biodiversity integrity of an ecosystem, including arthropods. This study tries to identify any interaction between the diversity of arthropods and the invasive species of S. macrophylla. The observed areas were VII C, VII E, and VIII A. The methods included measuring physical and chemical factors and procuring samples of arthropods through pitfall trap and yellow pan trap. The data analysis included Important Value Index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, evenness index, richness index and dominance index. Analysis of Bray-Curtis similarity index using PAST was also carried out to identify the similarity of the three areas. The pitfall trap obtained 78 individuals from 7 taxa, and the yellow pan obtained 61 individuals from 8 taxa. Formicidae has the highest Important Value Index, and it is the most dominating. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index on the three subareas is even around 1, 5 to 1, 9, and the ecosystem is quite good. The Bray-Curtis indices in subarea VIII A and VII C concluded acidity of above 75%. The diversity of arthropods can be affected by the vegetation above them and the green matter, soil organic matter and soil moisture.

Struktur Komunitas Hymenoptera Parasitoid Pada Berbagai Lanskap Pertanian Di Sumatra Barat

Understanding how the landscape structure affect the interaction between crops, pests and their natural enemies is a complex problem that can significantly impact on the success or failure of insect biological control. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important natural enemies because of their great diversity and effectiveness as agents of biological control. The objective of this research is to study the diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoid on some vegetables and rice ecosystem in West Sumatera. Hymenoptera parasitoids were sampled using three trapping techniques (farmcop, insect net and yellow pan trap). Species accumulative curves, Jackknife-1 estimator, and indices of diversity were applied to analyze the data. Results indicated that there were 1522 specimen consist of 22 families and 148 species of Hymenoptera parasitoid on agricultural ecosystem in west Sumatera. Braconidae and Ichneumonidae were dominant Hymenoptera parasitoid family in vegetables ecosystem. Contrast, Mymaridae, Diapriidae, and Eulophidae were dominance of Hymenoptera parasitoid famili in rice ecosystem. Diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoid was influenced by the landscape structure. Species richness and diversity were higher in polyculture ecosystem than monoculture.

KEANEKARAGAMAN HYMENOPTERA PARASITOID PADA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT PTPN VIII CINDALI, BOGOR

Diversity of parasitic Hymenoptera in PTPN VIII oil palm plantation Cindali, Bogor. One group of important natural enemies in oil palm plantation is parasitic Hymenoptera. The purpose of this research is to know the diversity and fluctuation of parasitic Hymenoptera PTPN VIII Cindali oil palm plantation. This research was conducted in 6 blocks of oil palm in September 2014 – June 2015. There were 5 plots in every observation blocks 39.2 x 39.2 m in size, and used direct and indirect method. Direct method done by 5 plants in every plots was taken randomized to observed and taken the herbivore insects to reared until the parasitic Hymenoptera came out. Observation of cover crops conducted by 3 subplots determined diagonally in every plots 9.8 x 9.8 m in size and herbivore insects was observed and collected. Indirect methods used sweep net and yellow pan trap. The result of this research, 26 parasitic Hymenoptera families was found, with the Braconidae was the most morphospecies found and the most individual amount was Scelionidae. The abundance of parasitoid in every month fluctuated.