Years Of Cohabitation Research Articles

Comparing the self-awareness and problem-solving skills training on sexual desire of newly married women: A field trial study.

Sexual desire of women is one of the most important factors affecting marital and sexual satisfaction. Regarding the association of life skills level with sexual dissatisfaction and sexual desire, the present study aims to compare the effect of self-awareness and problem-solving skills training on the sexual desire of newly married women. This was an experimental field trial study conducted since October 2019 to September 2020. The participants included 105 married women with a history of up to 5 years of cohabitation assigned randomly to either of the two intervention or control groups. The data collection tools include a demographic form, Hulbert index of sexual desire (HISD), and ENRICH couple scale that were completed by the participants before (T1), immediately (T2), and one month after the intervention (T3). The first intervention group received self-awareness skills training, whereas the second one received problem-solving skills training (four sessions of 90 min) weekly. On the other hand, the control group received no training. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16 software and descriptive-analytical statistical tests including one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Bonferroni test, tests of within-subjects effects, and analysis test with repeated measures. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. The effect of time (statistic test: 51.24, P-value < 0.001) and the interaction effects of Time and Group on sexual desire (statistic test: 2.87, P-value: 0.03) were statistically significant. The mean score of sexual desire both in interventions and control groups showed statistically significant improvement. The mean score of sexual desire in the self-awareness group was 44.31 ± 9.08 (T1), 51.34 ± 10.92 (T2), and 59.48 ± 13.76 (T3) (P < 0.001); in the problem-solving group was 48.74 ± 10.21 (T1), 52.08 ± 10.59 (T2), and 57.40 ± 12.40 (T3) (P < 0.001); and in the control group was 47.74 ± 11.60 (T1), 50.08 ± 10.04 (T2), and 54.94 ± 12.15 (T3) (P = 0.02). The present study showed the effectiveness of both self-awareness and problem-solving skills training on newly married women's sexual desire. Moreover, this study showed simply participating in a study related to sexual desire as a control group could be effective on women's sexual desire.

More or less unmarried. The impact of legal settings of cohabitation on labour market outcomes

We study how different levels of protection upon separation affect the labour market behaviour of unmarried cohabiting partners. In Canada, unmarried cohabitation becomes a legal status after one year of relationship. Most provinces automatically expand couples’ rights and responsibilities after several years of cohabitation: some provinces allow cohabiting partners to claim for alimony upon separation, while others consider cohabiting couples to be equal to married couples. Using cross-province variations in legal settings and minimum eligibility duration, we find that eligibility for a regime making cohabiting partners equal to married partners increases men’s labour supply and earnings and decreases women’s while eligibility for a regime allowing for post-separation transfers between ex-partners decreases women’s earnings only. We find that the effect is stronger for couples directly eligible at the time of the reform than for couples who are eligible after the reform and may have anticipated changes in the legal settings. Our results show that eligibility affects within-household allocation of earnings and hours of work, and reinforces existing inequality. Our results contribute to the ongoing public debate regarding the legal recognition and level of protection that should be given to unmarried cohabiting partners.

Conjugal inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and European survey.

BackgroundThe frequency of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increased after marriage to an individual with the disease. Importantly, the offspring of these couples have a significant risk for developing the disease. Herein, we aimed to better characterize conjugal IBD.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted with predetermined search criteria. Relevant manuscripts reporting on couples with IBD and their offspring were selected. Concomitantly, a cross-sectional survey was conducted of couples where both members were affected with IBD, as well as their offspring, and electronically distributed by patients’ associations.ResultsWe identified 20 reports of IBD in couples, for a total of 68 couples. Of these, 66% were concordant regarding IBD type and 66% were diagnosed after cohabitation. The overall prevalence of IBD in the offspring of these couples was 29%. Our survey identified 58 couples with IBD, with 62% being concordant regarding IBD type; 42.9% were diagnosed prior to cohabitation, in 12.5% one spouse was diagnosed before and the other after cohabitation, and in 44.6% the onset of disease occurred after cohabitation for both. The prevalence of IBD in children born from these couples was 10%. The probability of developing disease in the progeny was 2% at 10 years, 12% at 15 years, and 16% at 20 years of age.ConclusionsIBD in couples occurs mostly after marriage to an individual with disease or after many years of cohabitation. In a modern cohort, the risk for the progeny was around 16% by the age of 20, lower than previously reported.

Heat Shock Proteins as Targets for Novel Antimalarial Drug Discovery.

Plasmodium falciparum, the parasitic agent that is responsible for a severe and dangerous form of human malaria, has a history of long years of cohabitation with human beings with attendant negative consequences. While there have been some gains in the fight against malaria through the application of various control measures and the use of chemotherapeutic agents, and despite the global decline in malaria cases and associated deaths, the continual search for new and effective therapeutic agents is key to achieving sustainable development goals. An important parasite survival strategy, which is also of serious concern to the scientific community, is the rate at which the parasites continually develop resistance to drugs. Among the key players in the parasite's ability to develop resistance, maintain cellular integrity, and survives within an unusual environment of the red blood cells are the molecular chaperones of the heat shock proteins (HSP) family. HSPs constitute a novel avenue for antimalarial drug discovery and by exploring their ubiquitous nature and multifunctional activities, they may be suitable targets for the discovery of multi-targets antimalarial drugs, needed to fight incessant drug resistance. In this chapter, features of selected families of plasmodial HSPs that can be exploited in drug discovery are presented. Also, known applications of HSPs in small molecule screening, their potential usefulness in high throughput drug screening, as well as possible challenges are highlighted.

P457 IBD couples and their offspring: a European survey

Abstract Background Small studies have shown that the frequency of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is significantly increased after marriage to an individual with the disease relative to what would be expected by chance alone. Furthermore, the offspring of these couples have a significantly increased risk of developing the disease. The aim of this study was to identify couples where both spouses have IBD and their offspring in a larger cohort and to characterise their phenotype. Methods This was a cross-sectional study including couples where both members were affected with IBD and their offspring. An electronic survey in seven languages was distributed by the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organization (ECCO), European Federation of Crohn’s and Ulcerative Colitis Associations (EFCCA) and national patient′s associations from June 2018 to December 2019. Results We identified 51 couples where both members had IBD. There was consanguinity in one couple. There was a representation of couples living in nine different countries. Thirty (59%) couples were concordant for IBD, 14 for Crohn’s disease (CD) and 16 for ulcerative colitis (UC). Within 49 couples, 21 (43%) were diagnosed prior to cohabitation, in 7 (14%) one spouse was diagnosed before and the other after a mean of 7.2 ± 8.9 years after cohabitation, and in 21 (43%) the onset of disease was after cohabitation for both (the first member developed IBD after a mean of 8.3 ± 8.4 years of cohabitation and the second one 4.1 ± 4.5 years after the first). The prevalence of IBD in the 58 children born from these couples was 9%. The cumulative probability of developing disease in the progeny was 3% at 10 years, 11% at 15 years and 15% at 20 years of age. Conclusion This survey identified 51 couples with IBD across Europe; 59% were concordant for IBD type and in 57% the diagnosis of at least one spouse was made after cohabitation. In a wider population, the risk for the progeny was at most 15% at the age of 20, lower than previously reported.

Contraceptive use and determinants of unmet need for family planning; a cross sectional survey in the North West Region, Cameroon

BackgroundReducing unmet need for family planning by increasing the rate of modern contraceptive use is indispensable if Cameroon must meet maternal mortality targets of the Sustainable Development Goals. The objective of this survey was to estimate the rate of contraceptive use and identify factors associated with unmet need for family planning in rural Cameroon.MethodsIt was conducted a community-based cross sectional survey from February to March 2016 targeting women in a union of the Wum Health District. Participants were included by cluster multistep sampling and data collected by trained surveyors using a pretested questionnaire. Data were analysed using Epi-Info version 3.5.4. The odds ratio was used as a measure of association between unmet need for family planning and selected covariates with the statistical significant threshold set at p ≤ 0.05.ResultsAmong the 466 women included in the survey, 78.5% were legally married. The mean age of the participants was 28.7 ± 7.2 years with a mean number of years of cohabitation of 9.1 ± 7.4 years. A total of 438 women from the sample were evaluated for contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning. The rate of modern contraceptive use at the time of the survey was 13[10.1–16.6]% and about 5 in every 10 women had an unmet need for family planning (46.6[41.8–51.4]%) with 31.1% having an unmet need for spacing and 15.5% an unmet need for limiting births. The potential demand for contraception was estimated at 45.9% with only 39.8% of this demand met.When controlled for age, monthly revenue, occupation and partner’s level of education, discussion of family planning within the couple (OR = 0.66[0.44–0.97], p-value = 0.032), and partner’s approval of contraception (OR = 0.66[0.45–0.97], p-value = 0.035), were found to be significantly associated with decreasing unmet need for family planning.ConclusionWith the very low rates of modern contraceptive use and potential demand for contraception in the Wum Health District, the rate of unmet need for family planning is still very high. Non discussion of family planning within the couple, and disapproval of contraception by the partner are significantly associated with high unmet need for family planning. More of couple-based family planning interventions should be encouraged.

Un lingüista en la selva amazónica perdió su fe en Dios

Este artículo muestra las dificultades que encontró un evangelizador, convertido posteriormente en antropólogo, para realizar un estudio académico de la etnia Pirahá que habitan la selva amazónica. Después de veinte años de cohabitación con los Pirahá, este evangelizador/antropólogo pudo comprobar lo que los misioneros anteriores reportaron: a los Pirahá les entretenía y hasta interesaba el relato bíblico pero como una historia más. La autora relata las dificultades linguisticas que impide a estos sujetos, sujetados a un lenguaje casi único que contrasta la gramática universal de Chomsky, atribuírle alguna categoría espiritual o salvífica a la palabra de Dios. La autora también describe el regreso del evangelista / antropólogo, unos años después, a la jungla y la forma en que se reencuentra con los Pirahá, pero esta vez sin su fe ni su dios.Abstract:This article presents the difficulties encountered by an evangelist, later converted into an anthropologist, when conducting an academic study of the Pirahá ethnic group living in the Amazon rainforest. Following twenty years of cohabitation with the Pirahá, this evangelist/anthropologist was able to confirm what previous missionaries had reported: the Pirahá were entertained by the biblical account and they were even interested in it but only as a mere story. The author examines the linguistic difficulties that prevent the Pirahá, subjected to an almost unique language contrasting Chomsky's universal grammar, from assigning any spiritual or salvific category to the Word of God. The author also describes the evangelist/anthropologist’s return, a few years later, to the jungle and the way he is reunited with the Pirahá but this time without his faith and god.

More or Less Unmarried. The Impact of Legal Settings of Cohabitation on Labor Market Outcomes

We show how the legal settings of unmarried cohabitation affect partners' labor market outcomes. In Canada, cohabiting couples are automatically entitled to certain rights after a few years of cohabitation. In some provinces, ex-cohabiting partners can claim for alimony upon separation, in others they can claim for an equal split of all the assets acquired during the relationship. As legal settings of unmarried cohabitation differ across time, provinces and duration of the relationship, it provides a unique framework to analyze how different levels of commitment affect couples' decision regarding labor market supply. Using cross-provinces variation in the legal settings and minimum duration for eligibility, we show that unmarried cohabiting men increase their labor force supply when they become eligible to a more committed cohabitation regime, whereas women decrease theirs. Higher levels of commitment induce larger e ects on labor market outcomes.

A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF INFERTILITY IN WOMEN OF DELHI NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

According to WHO infertility is primary if there is failure of conception despite two years of cohabitation while it is secondary if acouple fails to conceive following a previous pregnancy, despite two years of cohabitation and exposure to pregnancy (in the absence ofcontraception, breastfeeding or postpartum amenorrhea). Objective: This study helps to evaluate the possible reasons of primary as well assecondary infertility in rural and urban areas of Delhi NCR, India. Material &amp; Method: 521 women were screened and included in the studyhaving history of either type of infertility. Results and Discussion: Amongst many valid reasons for infertility in women some new findings,although not significant, but may be a possible use of NSAIDs (5.56%) for one or other reason which may disturb normal ovulation cycle orprocess of ovulation. 7.86% women were suffering from PCOS, 52.19% women with case of tube blockage due to genital or other form oftuberculosis or Sexually Transmitted Infections, STIs. Hyperprolactinemia and hypothyroidism, which affected 34.35% females are someanother factors for such a high incidence of infertility in this region. Conclusion: This study provides an insight view for major causes ofinfertility. Primary infertility with genital infection led tube blockage is one the leading factor for female infertility in Delhi NCR.

Plasmodial Hsp40s: New Avenues for Antimalarial Drug Discovery.

Malaria, an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp, is one of the world's most dangerous diseases, accounting for more than half a million deaths yearly. The long years of co-habitation between the parasite and its hosts (human and mosquito), is a testimony to the parasite's ability to escape the immune system and develop drug resistance mechanisms. Currently, an important search area for improved pharmacotherapy are molecular chaperones of the heat shock protein family, abundant in Plasmodium falciparum and contributing to its continuous survival and development. Thus far, small molecule inhibitor studies on P. falciparum Hsp70s and Hsp90s have indicated that they are promising antimalarial targets. However, not much attention has been given to Hsp40s as potential antimalarial drug targets. Hsp40s are known to function as chaperones by preventing protein aggregation, and as co-chaperones, by regulating the chaperone activities of Hsp70s to ensure proper protein folding. There are only a limited number of reviews on Hsp40s as drug targets, and the few reviews on plasmodial Hsp40s tend to focus largely on the intra-erythrocytic stage of the parasite life cycle. Therefore, this review will summarize what is known about Hsp40s throughout the malaria parasite life cycle, and critically evaluate their potential to serve as new avenues for antimalarial drug discovery.

Mitochondria-A billion years of cohabitation.

Mitochondria-A billion years of cohabitation.

Mujer con falla ovárica prematura a los 15 años de edad, logra embarazo con ovodonación

Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 22 años de edad, con 3 años de convivencia y búsqueda de embarazo, que acudió por infertilidad, con antecedente de menarquía y falla ovárica prematura (FOP) a los 15 años de edad. Sus caracteres sexuales secundarios eran normales, tuvo FSH de 69 mUI/mL, LH 21,5 mUI/mL, estradiol 5 pg/mL, perfil tiroideo normal, prolactina 0,22 ng/mL, glucosa e insulina dentro de valores normales, con resonancia magnética nuclear de hipófisis sin alteraciones. Cariotipo en sangre 46, XX. La ecografía transvaginal mostró útero hipotrófico de 46 x 20 x 25 mm, endometrio 2,2 mm, ovarios hipotróficos. Se indicó valerato de estradiol/dienogest, con ecografía de control que mostró útero 69 x 22 x 33 mm (al mes) y 72 x 24 x 30 mm (al año). El espermatograma del esposo mostró 55,6 millones de espermatozoides/ mL, motilidad progresiva 24%, morfología normal 4%, fragmentación de ADN 14,2%. No se estudió autoinmunidad ni el gen FMR-1. Se realizó ovodonación-ICSI-columna de anexina, obteniéndose 15 ovocitos; fecundaron 12, llegaron a blastocisto 4 embriones, se transfirió 2 embriones y se congeló 2. Se logró embarazo único, actualmente en curso. La frecuencia de casos de falla ovárica prematura a los 15 años se estima en 1/10 000 mujeres menores de 20 años, sin causa aparente.

Romantic relationship formation, maintenance and changes in personal networks.

According to the social withdrawal hypothesis, a personal network becomes smaller when a person starts dating, cohabitates and marries. This phenomenon is widely established in the literature. However, these studies were usually done with cross-sectional data. As a consequence, it is still unclear whether or how personal networks actually change after the formation of a romantic relationship (i.e. dating), after starting cohabitation and after getting married. It is also unclear how long and to what extent social withdrawal continues. To overcome these shortcomings, we examine how the size and composition of personal networks change after relationship formation. We use two waves of the PAIRFAM dataset (2008 and 2011), which include information about 6640 Germans who were between 16 and 39 years of age at the time of the second interview in 2008. Results from fixed effects regression models underscore that the association between romantic relationships and changes in personal networks is more dynamic than previous studies suggested. For example, after the formation of a romantic relationship people show a decrease in non-kin contacts, while an increase in non-kin contacts is observed after two years of dating, as well as after two years of cohabitation. These network changes suggest that people adapt their social networks to the demands and constraints of each phase of a romantic relationship. Because the decline in network size after dating is not stable, there is no need to be afraid that those who have a romantic partner remain isolated from other relationships.

Valoración psicológica en delitos de violencia de género mediante el Inventario Clínico y Multiaxial de Millon III (MCMI-III)

In this study, psychological assessment of 127 women presenting charges of gender-based violence (GVB) and 55 male suspects, were analyzed by the MCMI-III, as well as the influence of sociodemographic data and GVB features on these MCMI-III scores. Average age of women was 36.25 (SD = 10.48) and average age of men was 42.54 years old (SD = 12.93). Both groups were referred to the Legal Medicine Institute by the Woman Violence Court and all of them were administered the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III (MCMI-III). Differential profiles according to age, maltreatment duration and years of cohabitation were obtained. Women presented high scores in Social desirability, Compulsive personality, Anxiety, Dysthymia, Somatization and Depression. Men presented Narcissistic features, Depression and Substance abuse. As maltreatment extended in time, Schizoid, Depressive and Self-destructive features increased in women, as well as Dysthymia and PTSD, obtaining lower scores on Social desirability and Histrionic personality.

The Interpretability of Family History Reports of Alcoholism in General Community Samples: Findings in a Midwestern U.S. Twin Birth Cohort

Although there is a long tradition in alcoholism research of using family history ratings, the interpretability of family history reports of alcoholism from general community samples has yet to be established. Telephone interview data obtained from a large cohort of female like-sex twins (N = 3,787, median age 22) and their biological parents (N = 2,928, assessed at twins' median age 15) were analyzed to determine agreement between parent self-report, parent ratings of coparent, and twin narrow (alcohol problems) and broad (problem or excessive drinking) ratings of each parent. In European ancestry (EA) families, high tetrachoric correlations were observed between twin and cotwin ratings of parental alcohol problems, between twin and parent ratings of coparent alcohol problems using symptom-based and single-item assessments, as well as moderately high correlations between twin and both mother and father self-reports. In African American (AA) families, inter-rater agreement was substantially lower than for EA families, with no cases where father ratings of maternal alcohol problems agreed with either twin ratings or mother self-report, and both cotwin agreement and mother-twin agreement were reduced. Differences between EA and AA families were not explained by differences in years of cohabitation with father or mother's education; however, underreporting of problems by AA parents may have contributed. Results support the use of family history ratings of parental alcoholism in general community surveys for EA families, but suggest that family history assessment in AA families requires improved methods.

Fergus

Fergus Carol Ghiglieri (bio) When Fergus sleeps he dreams of running. Jackie gazes down at him sacked out on the kitchen floor, his four canine legs cycling softly through the air, a pure, somnolent ode to roaming free. Poor Fergus never roams free. It's the leash for him, always; Jackie can take no chances. The dog's former owners told her that Fergus was untrustworthy, that he would make a break for it any chance he got. He'd run away a dozen times in the [End Page 9] four years they'd owned him. And who knows how many more times he thought of it? His last escape was one for the record books. He'd been locked up in the garage and somehow managed to activate the electric door opener. Then he tore through the neighborhood for six hours. Jackie learned all this from Phil and Jenny Tarr, the couple who relinquished Fergus after four years of cohabitation and insufficient bonding—friends of friends of her estranged husband, Dean. Phil and Jenny live out in the suburbs of Long Island, so one Sunday Jackie borrowed a friend's car and drove from Brooklyn to Massapequa to fetch Fergus and bring him home. Jackie is new to the world of pet ownership, but already she has found that it is freighted with metaphor. The vet calls her "Mom," as in "Fergus might be a little less nervous here if Mom comes in close and holds on to him." And of course Jackie complies and hugs Fergus around the middle while he gets shots in his haunch for rabies and kennel cough. And there's Jackie's sister, Deirdre, who calls regularly from Vermont to rhapsodize about the "unconditional love" only a dog can provide. Although she has a husband and three teenaged children, she seems far more attached to her two cocker spaniels. During these conversations Jackie stares at Fergus and considers whether he's capable of love, unconditional or otherwise. She has her doubts. Nevertheless, her decision to adopt him was made in an instant. A mass e-mail showed up in her inbox, the subject line announcing, "Fergus Needs a New Home." The note contained a brief explanation of the reasons, along with a picture of Fergus looking shaggy and slightly embarrassed. "Jenny and I are expecting, and we just don't think Fergus can handle it." In the photo Fergus resembled a baby harp seal, with light-colored fur and worried black eyes. The injustice of his situation struck a chord within Jackie. She too has been underestimated and heedlessly cast aside, and she knows how it feels to be replaced with a newer model. She didn't plan on getting a dog, but then she never committed herself to not getting one, either. Dean would be impressed. He accused her of being incapable of spontaneity. "The ficus in the dining room is less predictable than you are," he shouted at her the night of his party, a year ago, not long before he moved out. If she wanted to live that way for the next forty years, he said, she was welcome to, but he'd had enough. He had just celebrated his forty-fifth birthday and in its wake made an extravagant proposal: What if he and Jackie packed it all in to live on a boat and sail around the world—or at least up and down the eastern seaboard—for a year or two? They both knew their way around a [End Page 10] sailboat, so the idea wasn't entirely far-fetched. He craved adventure, and he wanted out of his dental practice more than he could put into words. It was a profession he'd chosen because his father had been a dentist and because it promised to be lucrative and stable. "When I look into the future," he told Jackie, "and see nothing but more of the same, day after day peering inside people's mouths, poking their gums, filling their cavities, fitting them with porcelain veneers, I get a dry, choking sensation like there's sand in the back of my throat." Jackie experienced a similar sensation...

Seeking for Risk Factors of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in a Greek National Sample

The objective of this article is to gain a better understanding of the magnitude of intimate partner violence (IPV) in Greece and to explore factors associated with increased risk of IPV prevalence. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 1,122 men and women, aged 18 to 65, who are residents of urban areas of Greece. The questionnaire used included 3 sections and 39 items that examined the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, rate of IPV victimization and perpetration (physical, sexual, emotional), childhood experience of violence, and level of self-esteem. Statistical analysis showed self-esteem to be significantly associated with physical violence victimization and perpetration (odds ratio [OR] = .975, confidence interval [CI] = .955-.996; OR = .972, CI = .951-.993, respectively), whereas experience of abuse during childhood was shown to be a strong predictor in all six models of IPV victimization and perpetration (p < .001). Finally, gender, age and years of cohabitation were some sociodemographic and background characteristics found to increase the risk of specific forms of IPV. Conclusions drawn from the current study should be taken into account in attempts aiming at preventing or ameliorating the problem.

Change in relationship quality for partners from lesbian, gay male, and heterosexual couples.

Growth curves for relationship quality over the first 10 years of cohabitation, controlling for separation, were estimated on the basis of survey data obtained over part or all of this time interval. Participants were both partners from 95 lesbian, 92 gay male, and 226 heterosexual couples living without children, and both partners from 312 heterosexual couples living with children. Relative to other partners, those from lesbian couples showed the highest levels of relationship quality averaged over all assessments. Pattern of change in relationship quality varied by type of couple. Partners from lesbian and gay male couples showed no change, those from heterosexual couples without children showed an early phase of accelerated decline followed by a leveling off, and those from heterosexual couples with children showed an early phase of accelerated decline followed by a 2nd phase of accelerated decline.

PITYRIASIS VERSICOLOR – POSSIBLE GENETIC BASIS, PROBABLE TRANSITION FROM COMMENSALISM TO PARASITISM AND THE IMPLICATION ON TREATMENT APPROACH

Non-occurrence of Pityriasis versicolor (PV) in spouses of individuals with this superficial fungal infection despite several years of cohabitation suggests that heredity might play an important role in those affected. Forty subjects who were married were studied in two phases. The first phase involved using a detailed structured format to obtain information on the presence of PV in subjects, their spouses and siblings. In the second phase the family of an index case was studied over a 2-year period from a clinical and mycological aspect. Seventy percent of subjects interviewed in the first phase had at least one family member with PV. In the second phase, 4 other siblings of the index case studied all had PV. Of the 3 that were married (index case inclusive), 2 had PV but none of their spouses had. This study supports the role of heredity in individuals with PV. Keywords: Pityriasis versicolor, Hereditary, Treatment African Journal Of Clinical And Experimental Microbiology Jan 2004 Vol.5 No.1 139-147

Longitudinal evaluation of the development of periodontal destruction in spouses.

The aim of the present investigation was to study longitudinally the periodontal condition of married couples. The data are derived from a longitudinal study in a young population living in a remote village in Indonesia and showing a relatively high prevalence of periodontal destruction. In 23 married couples, clinical measurements were carried out in 1987 and 1994. During the latter examination, a pooled gingival sample was obtained for microbiological evaluation. In 1994, the mean age of the group was 29.1 years and the couples were married for on the average 10 years. In each couple, the partner showing in 1994 the highest score for mean loss of attachment (LA) was classified as the diseased proband and the other partner as the spouse. Evaluation of the clinical data showed that: (1) the diseased probands already had in 1987 a worse periodontal condition compared to that of the spouses; (2) in both groups the mean LA increased during the 7-year period; (3) the difference in mean LA between diseased probands and spouses increased between 1987 and 1994. The microbiological evaluation revealed a relatively high prevalence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (50%), Porphyromonas gingivalis (67%) and Prevotella intermedia 61%. Analysis showed no differences in microbiota between diseased probands and spouses. The 23 Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans positive subjects included 2 positive couples. Furthermore, the 31 Porphyromonas gingivalis and 28 Prevotella intermedia positive subjects included 9 and 7 positive couples respectively. In conclusion, 10 years of cohabitation showed no influence on the periodontal condition of the spouses.