Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale Research Articles

The Ameliorating Role of A Playful Situational Game Intervention in School-Aged Children Undergoing Ophthalmic Surgeries: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose The objective of the study was to investigate if a playful situational game (PSG) intervention, as a perioperative procedure, could effectively alleviate stress and anxiety and improve postoperative outcomes for children to receive ophthalmic surgeries. Methods This trial enrolled 153 children, among which 116 met inclusion criteria and were randomized to control (n = 58, who did not participate in PSG) or PSG group (n = 58, who participated PSG). In the PSG group, children were arranged in renovated wards and allocated to play situational games specifically designed to improve surgery readiness. Satisfaction of the care from parents, posthospitalization behavioral change incidences, Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (YPAS) scores, induction compliance checklist (ICC) scores, and pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) scores were documented as postoperative assessments. Results The PSG group demonstrated significantly higher satisfaction of the care from the parents (p = 0.004), and posthospitalization behavioral change incidences were markedly rarer in the PSG group (p = 0.015). The YPAS scores of the PSG group showed a slower increase compared to the control group before and after surgery (p < 0.001). ICC and PAED scores were also lower in the PSG group (p < 0.01). Conclusion Our data could support that PSG is an effective intervention in alleviating the anxiety of children undergoing ophthalmic surgery and PSG can increase the satisfaction rate among patients and decrease behavioral change incidences. The adoption of PSG in children could potentially been promoted in the clinical setting.

Comparative Study of Using Vein Finder and Common Venipuncture Method in Anxiety and Psychological Indicators of 3-6-years Old in the Ward of Pediatric Internal

Introduction & Background: The current study aimed to compare the effect of vein finder device and conventional venipuncture technique on anxiety and physiological indices of children with 3-6 years old in pediatric medical care. Methods and Materials: This is a randomized clinical trial which was conducted on 62 children between 3-6 Years old who were eligible according to the study inclusion criteria. This study was patients hospitalized in pediatric ward of Namazi hospital, Shiraz-IRAN, 2015. Vein finder device was applied in the intervention group while the control group receives the conventional venipuncture technique. Anxiety responses such as heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation were assessed at 5 minutes both before and after the intravenous catheter placement procedure in both groups. Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (YPAS) was used to measure children’s anxiety scale. The data were analyzed by using paired t-test, independent t-test, and ANOVA test in SPSS software. Results: Both groups were measured after the intervention. Parametric physiologic results reveal a significant difference in heart rate (p<0.001) and respiratory rate (p: 0.002) for both groups. No significant difference was reported for blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation. Mean anxiety score was reported 13/77 ± 1/94 in the intervention group and 18± 2/44 in the control group after applying the intervention (p: 0.001). Conclusion: Study findings indicate a significant decrease of anxiety score for intervention group after the IV insertion. vein finder technology device was along with positive effects on anxiety reduction and physiologic indices balance for children between 3-6 years old, it can be applied as a proper method for IV catheterization in pediatric medical wards.

Pediatric perioperative measures of sleep, pain, anxiety and anesthesia emergence: A healing touch proof of concept randomized clinical trial

Background and purposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the impact of healing touch (HT) on sleep, anxiety, anesthesia emergence and pain. MethodsHT, sham HT, control with an aide (CP) and control groups without the presence of an aide (CNP), underwent polysomnography (PSG) preoperatively. The Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (YPAS) score was obtained preoperatively before medications were given and in the preoperative surgery area. Sedation score, anesthesia emergence score and vital signs were recorded. Pain scores were determined by the Observation Pain Assessment Scale (OPAS) postoperatively and at time of discharge. Preoperative laboratory blood was drawn for C-reactive protein (CRP), glucose, cortisol and vitamin D25 levels as indicators of stress and anxiety, and a HT satisfaction survey was given. ResultsThirty-nine patients consented to participate and were randomly assigned to HT (9), HT sham (12), CP (7) and CNP (11) groups. Mean patient age was 13.0 years, and no significant group differences were found for age, sex, race or patient procedure, categorized as laser, burn reconstruction and plastic surgery reconstruction. Additionally, no significant group differences were detected for any of the PSG parameters, YPAS scores, OPAS scores, medications, anesthesia emergence score, bloodwork or satisfaction survey score. CRP, glucose and cortisol levels were higher in the CNP group, suggesting that pediatric patients undergoing elective surgeries may benefit from more pre-operative support, possibly by HT. ConclusionsAlthough no tracked parameters showed statistically significant findings, anecdotal HT benefits included enhanced relaxation and sounder sleep.

Preoperative Melatonin and Its Effects on Induction and Emergence in Children Undergoing Anesthesia and Surgery

Studies conducted in adults undergoing surgery reported a beneficial effect of oral melatonin administered before surgery. There is a paucity of such data in children undergoing anesthesia and surgery. Children undergoing surgery were randomly assigned to receive preoperatively oral midazolam 0.5 mg/kg or oral melatonin 0.05 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg, or 0.4 mg/kg. The primary outcome of the study was preoperative anxiety (Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale). The secondary outcomes were the children's compliance with induction (Induction Compliance Checklist), emergence behavior (Keegan scale), and parental anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Repeated measures ANOVA showed that children who received melatonin at any of the three doses were more anxious compared with children who received midazolam (P < 0.001). Parental anxiety did not differ on the basis of the experimental condition (P = ns). The melatonin groups showed a dose-response effect on emergence behavior. Children who received melatonin developed less emergence delirium compared with those who received midazolam (P < 0.05), and the effect was dose related; the incidence after 0.05 mg/kg melatonin was 25.0%, incidence after 0.2 mg/kg melatonin was 8.3%, and incidence after 0.4 mg/kg melatonin was 5.4%. Midazolam is more effective than melatonin in reducing children's anxiety at induction of anesthesia. Melatonin showed a direct dose-dependent effect on emergence delirium.

The Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale

KAIN, ZEEV N.; MAYES, LINDA C.; CICCHETTI, DOMENIC V.; BAGNALL, ANDREA L.; FINLEY, JESSICA D.; HOFSTADTER, MAURA B. Author Information

The Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale

The Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale

Measurement tool for preoperative anxiety in young children: The yale preoperative anxiety scale

Abstract To develop a preoperative anxiety scale (YPAS) for children undergoing surgery, 21 specific behaviors indicating anxiety were defined within five domains (activity, emotional expressivity, state of arousal, vocalization, and use of adults). A reliability Kappa analysis revealed that inter-observer agreement ranged from .66 to .94, while intra-observer Kappa ranged from .66 to .91. Validity analysis between a Visual Analog Scale and the YPAS revealed an r of .59 for entering the operating room. Multiserial analysis comparing the YPAS to the Vernon Anxiety Scale ranged from .61 to .64. Showing good to excellent observer reliability and validity, the YPAS proves to be an appropriate tool for studying children's responses in preoperative settings. As such, the new assessment instrument should be of interest to clinical and research neuropsychologists who need to assess a child's anxiety level prior to the undertaking of a given surgical procedure.