Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Research Articles

Synergistic Effect of Nanodiamond and Phosphate Ester Anti-Wear Additive Blends

Nanodiamonds are known to improve tribological performance when added to lubricants, but their impact on additives that may already be present in the lubricant is poorly documented. Here, we report on a study of their effects on thermal reaction films formed from tricresyl phosphate (TCP) on Fe substrates immersed in a dibasic ester basestock when blended with TCP. Thermal reaction film formation temperatures were recorded in-situ by monitoring the reaction film formation on both Fe and air baked Fe surfaces using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The nanodiamonds were found to raise the thermal reaction film formation temperature by 18 °C, possibly by raising the activation energy for the reaction, but they were not observed to affect the thickness or rate of formation of the films. The nanodiamonds, moreover, were observed to trigger thermal reaction film formation on air baked Fe surfaces that otherwise were highly resistance to reaction film formation. The surface morphology, roughness, and thickness of the thermal reaction films, as measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM), are reported as well as their chemical compositions, as studied with Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The coefficients of friction measured on the thermal reaction films during dry solid–solid contact are also reported.

Sonochemical synthesis of WS2 nanosheets and its application in sonocatalytic removal of organic dyes from water solution

In this research, tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanosheets as sonocatalyst were synthesized through a sonochemical route. Characterization of as-synthesized sonocatalyst was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Dot-mapping, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS) analysis. WS2 nanosheets were evaluated for their sonocatalytic performance in order to remove basic violet 10 (BV10) under ultrasonic irradiation. The removal efficiency was maximized (94.01%) via the use of 1 g L−1 catalyst and 10 mg L−1 BV10 at pH = 4.5 and an ultrasonic power of 400 W within a reaction time of 150 min. In addition to BV10, the sonocatalytic elimination for a number of organic dyes viz. direct blue 71, acid blue 92, methylene blue, basic orange 2 and basic red 46 was examined to demonstrate the performance of WS2 nanosheets under the ultrasonic irradiation. The experimentation of trapping was conducted using edetate disodium (EDTA-2Na), tert-butyl alcohol (t-BuOH), and benzoquinone (BQ). According to the results, all radicals participated in the sonocatalytic activity. OH played a more prominent role than h+ and O2-∙ in the process of BV10 separation. Following five repetitive runs, the nanocomposites revealed a reusability of circa 18% drop in the elimination efficiency. The main removal intermediates were recognized by GC–MS technique.

Synthesis of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Its Application As Electrode Material for the Electrochemical Oxidation of Methanol

In this study, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple and facile chemical co-precipitation method at ambient laboratory conditions. The synthesized Fe3O4 nanostructures were characterized for their morphology, size, crystalline structure and component analysis using field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles showed semi-spherical geometry with an average particle diameter up to 14 nm. The catalytic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were evaluated for electrochemical oxidation of methanol. For this purpose, the magnetite NPs were coated on the surface of an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and used as a working electrode in the electrochemical oxidation of methanol. The effect of potential scan rate, the concentration of methanol, the volume of electrolyte and catalyst (Fe3O4 NPs) deposition volume was studied to get high peak current densities for methanol oxidation. The stability and selectivity of the fabricated electrode (Fe3O4/ITO) were also assessed during the electrochemical process. This study revealed that the Fe3O4/ITO electrode was highly stable and selective towards methanol electrochemical oxidation in basic (KOH) media. Bare ITO and Fe3O4 NPs modified glassy (Fe3O4/GCE) electrodes were also tested in the electro-oxidation study of methanol, but their peak current density responses were very low as compared to the Fe3O4/ITO electrode, which showed high electrocatalytic activity towards methanol oxidation under similar conditions. We hope that Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) will be an alternative for methanol oxidation as compared to the expensive noble metals (Pt, Au, and Pd) for energy generation processes.

Inhibition performance of Glycine max, Cuscuta reflexa and Spirogyra extracts for mild steel dissolution in acidic medium: Density functional theory and experimental studies

Abstract The effectiveness of three plant extracts namely Glycine max leaves (GMLE), Cuscuta reflexa roxb. (CRRE) and Spirogyra algae (SGAE) has been evaluated as green corrosion inhibitors for mild steel corrosion in acidic solution of 1 M HCl using chemical, electrochemical, surface and density functional theory (DFT) methods. The gravimetric and electrochemical results showed that the trend of their effectiveness towards mild steel acidic corrosion inhibition follows the order: GMLE > CRRE > SGAE. Polarization study suggested that tested plant extracts acted as mixed type inhibitors with slight anodic dominance. The GMLE, CRRE and SGAE extracts showed maximum inhibition efficiencies of 73.60%, 81.92% and 94.05%, respectively at 2 g L−1 concentration. Results of gravimetric measurements showed that effectiveness of the plant extracts enhances on enhancing their concentrations. Gravimetric measurements carried out at different temperature showed that adsorption of the plant extracts mainly involve physisorption mechanism. Investigated extracts behaved as interface inhibitors and their adsorption mechanism obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Surface morphology and elemental composition was determined to support the adsorption inhibitive mechanism. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses carried out in the association with electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) further supported the adsorption inhibitive mechanism. Density Functional Theory (DFT) study was carried out on major phytochemicals present in the extract in order to support the experimental results and explain the adsorption behaviour of phytochemicals (extracts).

Influence of coal co-firing on the particulate matter formation during pulverized biomass combustion

Biomass is regarded as CO2-neutral, while the high contents of potassium and chlorine in biomass induce severe particulate matter emission, ash deposition, and corrosion in combustion facilities. Co-firing biomass with coal in pulverized-combustion (PC) furnaces is able to solve these problems, as well as achieve a much higher generating efficiency than grate furnaces. In this work, the particulate matter (PM) emission from biomass co-firing with coal was studied in an entrained flow reactor at a temperature of 1623 K simulating PC furnace condition. PMs were sampled through a 13-stage impactor, and their morphology and elemental composition were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. SO2 emissions were measured to interpret the possibility of potassium sulfation during co-firing. Results show that PMs from the separated combustion of both biomass and coal present a bimodal particle size distribution (PSD). The concentration and size of fine-mode submicron particles (PM1.0) from biomass combustion are much higher than those from coal combustion because of the high potassium content in biomass. For the co-firing cases, with the coal ratio increasing from 0% to 50%, the PM1.0 yield is reduced by more than half and the PM1.0 size becomes smaller, in contrast, the concentration of coarse-mode particles with the size of 1.0–10 μm (PM1.0-10) increases. The measured PM1.0 yields of co-firing are lower than the theoretically weight-averaged ones, which proves that during the biomass and coal co-firing in PC furnaces, the vaporized potassium from biomass can be efficiently captured by these silicon-aluminate oxides in coal ash. In the studied range of coal co-firing ratio (≤50 wt.%), the chlorides and sulfates of alkali metals from biomass burning are the dominating components in PM1.0, and a certain amount of silicon is observed in PM0.1-1. The analysis of chemical composition in PM1.0, together with that of SO2 emission, indicates a marginal sulfation of alkali metal chloride occurring at high temperatures in PC furnaces.

Fabrication of Bifunctional TiO2/POM Microspheres Using a Layer-by-Layer Method and Photocatalytic Activity for Methyl Orange Degradation

Bifunctional films of Keggin-type polyoxometalates H3PW12O40 (PW12), H4SiW12O40 (SiW12), H3PMo12O40 (PMo12), and TiO2 were successfully built on Fe3O4@SiO2 microspheres using a layer-by-layer method. The characterization by field emission scan electronic microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) shows that TiO2 nanoparticles and polyoxometalate (POM) anions are successfully assembled. The photodegradation of methyl orange (MO) was used to test the photocatalytic efficiency of magnetic catalysts under UV irradiation. For MO decomposition, multilayer films that combine PW12 and SiW12 with TiO2 show high efficiency, which can be attributed to the synergistic effect between POMs and TiO2. The degradation of the model contaminant was also systematically checked under different conditions such as bilayer number deposited on magnetic microspheres, catalyst concentration, inorganic oxidants, and salts. The oxidation process of MO follows an apparent first-order reaction. Furthermore, the composite catalysts deposited on Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic microspheres can be conveniently, quickly, and efficiently separated by an external magnet from a solution.

Development of some functional properties on viscose fabrics using nano kaolin

Nanoclays are among the more important industrial minerals. They are inexpensive, widely available in nature, and environment friendly. Nano kaolin (NK) is used to impart additional values of viscose fabrics. The mentioned fabrics were treated with different concentrations of NK using pad-dry cure technique. The surface morphology and surface chemical elements of treated as well as untreated fabrics were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. Tensile strength and elongation, thickness, bending length, moisture regain and antimicrobial activity of the treated fabrics were evaluated. New colouring material (Thiazolidin), direct and reactive dyes were used for dyeing the treated and untreated fabrics. K/S and washing fastness of the dyed fabrics were assessed and statistically compared using t test. The effect of treatment and dying on performance properties of garments were evaluated by calculating quality factor for each fabric.

Polygonatum odaratum extract as an eco-friendly inhibitor for aluminum corrosion in acidic medium

The corrosion of aluminum specimens in Polygonatum odaratum (P. odaratum) extract was studied using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. The inhibition efficiency of the aluminum specimens in the presence of inhibitor from P. odaratum plant extract at 303–333 ± 1 K was evaluated with the weight loss technique. The results indicate the inhibition efficiency of P. odaratum plant extract increased with increased concentration of the inhibitor and decreased temperature in an acidic medium. The corrosion inhibition properties of the P. odaratum plant extract for aluminum specimen corrosion in 1 M HCl were analyzed using polarization studies and electrochemical impedance studies, which clearly showed a mixed-type inhibitor. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), SEM, and EDX revealed the surface morphology in the presence and absence of inhibitor on the metal surface. The results indicated the feasibility of using the P. odaratum plant extract as a corrosion inhibitor in acid environments.

Photo-catalytic degradation of methyl tertiary butyl ether from wastewater using CuO/CeO2 composite nanofiber catalyst

The contamination of underground water by methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is a very serious environmental issue as its separation from the water is quite difficult because of high solubility. Limited studies have used ceria composite as a catalyst for the photo-degradation of MTBE in water samples. Therefore, photo-degradation of aqueous MTBE using synthesized pure ceria and copper oxide-ceria composite nanofiber catalyst was conducted in the present study under UV irradiation. The binary catalyst (with 0–20% Cu loading) was prepared via electrospinning method, and characterized using SEM, EDX, FTIR, XPS, BET surface area and XRD techniques. The morphology of such prepared catalyst was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas, the copper loading in the composite was assured by EDX (Electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). This experiment was performed using aqueous MTBE solution of various initial concentrations (100–400 ppm) for a time period of 2 h, and the optimization of operational parameters was done. The study showed that the maximum efficiency to degrade 100 ppm of MTBE under UV irradiation was achieved at pH 8.0 with a catalyst loading of 1 g/L following first order reaction kinetics. Thus, this composite presents a novel catalyst for effective purification of MTBE contaminated water. Similar studies using other nano-composite materials as catalyst are recommended for identifying effective methods of water purification in a simple and cost effective manner.

Processing and characterisation of nano crystalline AlCoCrCuFeTix high-entropy alloy

ABSTRACTIn this work multi-component equiatomic and non-equiatomic AlCoCrCuFeTix hexanary high-entropy alloys (HEA) was synthesised through mechanical alloying. The prepared powder was sintered via spark plasma sintering. Influence of alloying element variation in the multi-component system was studied in terms of phase formation and crystal structure by using Thermo-Calc and X-ray diffraction characterization technique (XRD). Particle morphology and chemical analysis studies were carried out through scanning electron microscopy along with Electron Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. The crystal structure and nano crystallinity of the hexanary system were recognised using transmission electron microscope (TEM and Selected Area Electron Diffraction [SAED]) while the formation of a solid solution was also studied and discussed. From the XRD and TEM characterisation of 20 h in, milled powders and sintered samples, it was confirmed that the developed HEA system forms a single solid solution BCC phase. The sintered alloy exhibits 97% relative density and an average hardness of 590 VHN.Special theme block on high entropy alloys, guest edited by Paula Alvaredo Olmos, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain, and Sheng Guo, Chalmers University, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Synthesis of unexplored aminophosphonic acid and evaluation as scale inhibitor for industrial water applications

A new aminophosphonic acid was synthesized by condensation of 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diylbis(4,1-phenylene)bis(oxy)dianiline), phosphorous acid and formaldehyde, according to the Moedritzer-Irani reaction. The structure of the inhibitor was analyzed by 1H and 31P NMR, FT-IR, mass spectrometry and thermogravimetry.The new inhibitor presented high efficiency in a static condition on the model imitating water composition with respect to CaCO3 and CaSO4 deposits. The crystal formation of CaCO3 and CaSO4 was investigated by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The inhibitor obviously affected the procedure of crystal growth. The morphology of the CaCO3 crystals, in the absence of inhibitor, showed a predominant content of rhombohedral crystals (calcite), whereas in the presence of inhibitor we could observe a mixture of calcite with acicular crystals (aragonite) and a small content of spherical crystals (vaterite). Concerning CaSO4 crystals, thin needles with a smooth surface were observed in the absence of the inhibitor, which became thicker with many crystal defects in the presence of the inhibitor.Consequently, the new aminophosphonic acid described here can be used as a potential scale inhibitor.

Comparative study of the anchorage and the catalytic properties of nanoporous TiO2 films modified with ruthenium (II) and rhenium (I) carbonyl complexes

In this article we study the anchoring of cis-[Ru(bpyC4pyr)(CO)2(CH3CN)2]2+, cis-[Ru(bpy)2(CO)2]2+ and cis-[Ru(bpyac)(CO)2Cl2], onto nanoporous TiO2 employing electropolymerization, electrostatic interaction and chemical bonding. Also, the [Re(bpyac)(CO)3Cl] rhenium(I) complex for chemical anchorage was analyzed. The characterization of TiO2/Ru(II) and TiO2/Re(I) nanocomposite films was performed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, for the more stable nanocomposites obtained, the catalytic properties (solar energy conversion and CO2 reduction) were evaluated. The efficiency improvement in redox process derived from the (photo)electrochemical evidence indicates that modified nanoporous TiO2 structures enhance the rate of charge transfer reactions.

A Study on Hardness and Wear behaviour of Untreated and Cryogenically Treated Al-SiC and Al-Gr Metal Matrix Composite

The present study aims at evaluating the hardness and wear behaviour of untreated and cryogenically treated aluminium-silicon carbide and aluminium graphite metal matrix composite. In this composite Al6061 is used as matrix material with varying Silicon carbide quantity from 2.5wt% to 10wt% and also varying the quantity of graphite from 1wt% to 4wt%. The composites used for this study were fabricated using stir casting technique. Electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction tests were carried out to know the composition and phase identification of the composite sample. Microstructure analysis was carried out to study the structure of the composites with and without cryogenic treatment. Hardness behaviour of a metal plays a vital role in understanding the resistance offered by a particular metal to the various shape changing forces and the ability of the metal to resist deformation. Similarly, wear is erosion of material from its original position on a solid surface performed by the action of any other material surface. It is very important to know the wear property of any given material in order to gain an understanding of the wear process, to determine the effects of variables, to characterize materials, and to select materials for specific applications.

A Study on Hardness and Wear behaviour of Untreated and Cryogenically Treated Al-SiC and Al-Gr Metal Matrix Composite

The present study aims at evaluating the hardness and wear behaviour of untreated and cryogenically treated aluminium-silicon carbide and aluminium graphite metal matrix composite. In this composite Al6061 is used as matrix material with varying Silicon carbide quantity from 2.5wt% to 10wt% and also varying the quantity of graphite from 1wt% to 4wt%. The composites used for this study were fabricated using stir casting technique. Electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction tests were carried out to know the composition and phase identification of the composite sample. Microstructure analysis was carried out to study the structure of the composites with and without cryogenic treatment. Hardness behaviour of a metal plays a vital role in understanding the resistance offered by a particular metal to the various shape changing forces and the ability of the metal to resist deformation. Similarly, wear is erosion of material from its original position on a solid surface performed by the action of any other material surface. It is very important to know the wear property of any given material in order to gain an understanding of the wear process, to determine the effects of variables, to characterize materials, and to select materials for specific applications.

A Study on Tensile and Shear behaviour of Untreated and Cryogenically Treated Al-SiC and Al-Gr Metal Matrix Composite

The present study aims at evaluating the shear and tensile behaviour of untreated and cryogenically treated aluminium-silicon carbide and aluminium graphite metal matrix composite. In this composite Al6061 is used as matrix material with varying Silicon carbide quantity from 2.5wt% to 10wt% and also varying the quantity of graphite from 1wt% to 4wt%. The composites used for this study were fabricated using stir casting technique. Electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction tests were carried out to know the composition and phase identification of the composite sample. Microstructure analysis was carried out to study the structure of the composites with and without cryogenic treatment.

Layered double hydroxide and zirconium phosphate as ion exchangers for the removal of 'black crusts' from the surface of ancient monuments.

The chloride form of MgAl layered double hydroxide (hereafter MgAlCl) as an anion exchanger and the semisodic form of α-zirconium phosphate (hereafter ZrPNaH) as a cation exchanger are proposed as new cleaning agents for the removal of gypsum from ancient monuments. The ability of these exchangers to capture the calcium and sulphate ions of the gypsum powder was first investigated separately and then as a coupled system. MgAlCl/gypsum, ZrPNaH/gypsum and MgAlCl/ZrPNaH/gypsum mixtures were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). ZrPNaH in the form of a wet paste exhibited a rapid uptake of calcium from gypsum powder via Na+ and H+/Ca2+ cation exchange. Gypsum powder was also successfully dissolved by a wet paste of MgAlCl by exploiting the Cl-/SO42- anion exchange reaction. However, the dehydration of the paste favoured the reprecipitation of a secondary gypsum that was characterized by lower crystallinity and smaller particle size than the pristine gypsum. The combination of wet MgAlCl and ZrPNaH showed a synergic effect on the dissolution of gypsum and partially prevented the reprecipitation of gypsum in the dry paste. Finally, a preliminary test of the removal of gypsum crust grown on a sandstone sample was performed.

Human Hair as Adsorbent of Palladium(II) in Solution: A Precursor of Well-Dispersed Size-Controlled Pd Nanoparticles

This work describes, for the first time, the preparation of palladium nanoparticles supported in thermally-treated human hair. Human hair showed to be an efficient adsorbent of Pd2+ in aqueous media, reaching nearly 100% of adsorption from a 100 ppm solution. The thermal treatment of hair containing Pd2+ at 200 oC under nitrogen atmosphere led to the formation of an N, S-containing material presenting 0.5 wt.% of palladium. The material was extensively characterized by elemental analysis (CHN and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES)), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies, and by thermogravimetry (TG), thermogravimetry coupled to mass spectrometry (TG-MS), scanning electron miscroscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. It was possible to observe that the surface structure of hair was preserved during thermal treatment, presenting palladium nanoparticles with particle sizes of approximately 4 nm. This material was used as heterogeneous catalyst in a preliminary application in nitrobenzene reduction to aniline in aqueous medium using sodium borohydride.

Poly(ethylene oxide) in polypyrrole doped dodecylbenzenesulfonate: characterisation and linear actuation

We show improvement in linear actuation properties of polypyrrole-doped dodecylbenzenesulfonate (PPy/DBS) by incorporating varying amounts of polyethylene oxide (5 wt % or 15 wt %) into PPy during electroploymerisation (PPy/DBS-PEO). Knowing that pristine PPy/DBS linear actuators in aqueous electrolytes are driven by cation ingress during reduction, the actuation properties are studied in isotonic (length change) mode of electro-chemo-mechanical-deformation (ECMD) measurements. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy revealed that PEO is incorporated in PPy/DBS films. ECMD studies revealed a three-fold improvement in electronic conductivity for the PPyDBS-PEO 15% film that also demonstrated improved strain of 7% in comparison to the strain of PPy/DBS film of 1.9%.

Copper sulfate-embedded and copper oxide-embedded filter paper and their antimicrobial properties

In this study, copper sulfate was successfully embedded in filter paper through soaking and copper oxide was successfully embedded in filter paper via in situ technique using the copper sulfate-embedded paper as the starting material. Using color analysis, the filter paper soaked with copper sulfate solution was observed to change color from white to blue, indicating the presence of embedded copper sulfate salts. Furthermore, upon soaking this filter paper with sodium hydroxide solution, the color changed from blue to brown, indicating the presence of copper oxide. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy confirms the observed results of the color analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy were used to determine the surface morphology and elemental composition of the samples, respectively. The antimicrobial property of the filter paper with copper-based particles was tested against Gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus), and two species of fungi (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) using disc diffusion method. The reactivity of the copper sulfate-embedded filter paper against E. coli was found to be severe, whereas that against S. aureus was moderate. The reactivity of the samples against the two fungi was mild, having a relatively small zone of inhibition. For the copper oxide-embedded paper, the reactivity of the paper to both bacteria was moderate, whereas it shows no reactivity to C. albicans and only a mild reactivity to A. niger. After 60 min of contact with Escherichia coli, both the copper sulfate-embedded and copper oxide-embedded filter papers reduced the amount of colony forming unit to more than 99.9%.

Preparation and Cytotoxicity of Coriandrum Sativum L. Oil Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles

Coriandrum sativum L. oil has antibacterial, antifungal and antimicrobial activity. This study aims to prepare and characterize chitosan nanoparticles loaded with Coriandrum sativum L., commonly known as coriander oil, using ionic gelation method and to determine their cytotoxicity in cell culture. Tripolyphosphate (TPP) was used as a cross-linker in ionic gelation method. The characterization of the chitosan nanoparticles loaded with coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L. ) oil was performed with Zeta-Sizer, Fourier transform Infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). It was shown that chitosan nanoparticles loaded with coriander oil have an average size of 113.5 nm, zeta potential of 16 mV and a polydispersity index of 0. 378. SEM analysis showed that they have spherical morphology and EDS showed the element composition. Furthermore, cytotoxicity analysis on L929 fibroblast cells was performed using XTT method and it was observed that chitosan particles loaded with coriander oil, coriander oil and empty chitosan nanoparticles did not provoke significant toxicity on cells.