Worse Position Research Articles

Financial risk control model based on multi-swarm multi-objective root system growth algorithms

With the globalization of the economy, the challenges of financial risk management continue to grow, and the current traditional algorithms are often limited by the lack of search capability and diversity maintenance, which makes it difficult to predict as well as manage financial risks. Therefore, a multi-population multi-objective root system growth algorithm is proposed. The algorithm uses the plant root tip position and growth state as heuristic information to guide the search process. It also introduces adaptive search space to adjust the parameters, a multi-swarm strategies to enhance the exploration ability, and multi-objective optimization to adjust the weight balance among the objectives. The experimental results showed that in the single objective optimization function, the mean value of RSGA model was 5.80E-20, the standard deviation was 1.29E-19, the best position was 2.90E-26, and the worst position was 2.89E-19. In the biobjective optimization function, the average IGD of RSGA model was 2.28E-3. In the three-objective optimization function, the average IGD and HV of RSGA model were 1.05E-1 and 6.53E-1 respectively. In financial risk prediction, the best risk of RSGA model in small-scale investment was 0.1961, the worst risk was 0.2483, and the average risk was 0.2236. The best risk of medium-scale investment was 0.3057, the worst risk was 0.3387, and the average risk was 0.3194. In large-scale investment, the best risk was 0.191, the worst risk was 1.8795, and the standard deviation was 0.3769. Under MV portfolio, the maximum HV value of RSGA model was 1.13E-1, the minimum HV value was 4.20E-1, the average value was 8.74E-1, and the standard deviation was 5.46E-1. Under the RRC portfolio, the maximum HV of RSGA model was 1.49E-0, the minimum was 3.63E-1, the average was 8.17E-1, and the standard deviation was 3.95E-1.

Competitive position of sand-lime bricks in the domestic market, threats and opportunities for manufacturers

The problem of assessing the prospects of silicate bricks in the domestic market of small wall materials is discussed. The solution to this problem is based on the results of the analysis of the market situation, consumer preferences and competitiveness of silicate bricks. It is shown that in the period from 2014 to 2021 due to the stronger competitive position of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and face ceramic bricks, the capacity of the market of silicate bricks decreased, its production volume and share in the structure of consumption of small-piece wall materials. The results of marketing research conducted on the basis of online questionnaires of respondents are presented, according to which the majority of respondents consider face ceramic bricks to be the material that best meets their requirements in terms of quality and appearance. The calculations showed that despite the fact that ceramic bricks have almost equal positions in terms of technical parameters and worse positions in terms of aesthetics, the most competitive material is, nevertheless, silicate bricks, which have a relatively low price. A number of threats for silicate brick producers include a decrease in demand for products, a high degree of wear and tear of technological equipment, dependence on foreign supplies of pigments, spare parts and components for equipment, insufficient level of professional competence of the personnel, etc. It is expected that in the future a number of manufacturers of sand-lime bricks will have to face the following challenges. It is assumed that in the future the ordinary silicate bricks will apparently “leave” the construction market, in connection with which manufacturers will have to focus on improving the quality and aesthetic parameters of facial silicate bricks while maintaining an attractive price for consumers.

Challenges and perspectives of universal circular green economy in Georgia

The green economy is a priority factor for the sustainable development of the country's economy, which we can confidently consider as one of the important factors of economic development, strategic protection of the environment and social security of the population, which is unthinkable without the introduction and further development of one of its distinct and inseparable effective components, the universal circular green economy, because through it is possible to achieve the three most remarkable effects for the planet and humanity. The process of transformation of the traditional economy into a green circular economy, despite being a vital and critical necessity, has been a significant problem in all periods and still faces great challenges today. According to the Global Green Economy Index (GGEI), Georgia currently holds a not too bad position in terms of the implementation and development of a universal circular green economy, which in turn is an effective way to economic development, both in the direction of the production of renewable and recyclable resources, as well as the introduction and use of a wide range of biotechnologies and By preserving biodiversity. But, like all important state reforms, the introduction of a universal green circular economy and its further development requires a lot of effort and financial resources, both from the state and from all actors and business sectors interested in this issue, which are not immune to various challenges in its development and regulation. in stages. The paper analyzes the stages and challenges of the introduction, development and regulation of universal circular green economy in Georgia.

Predictions and Hopes: Global Political Economy Dynamics of the Next Ten Years

Predictions and hopes are different things. Predictions are based on past empirical observations. They single out what seem to be essential variables and the relationships between them and assume that their importance will prevail in the future. Hopes add a component to a prediction, namely an evaluation, which refers back to the entity that produces the prediction. More favourable predictions are hoped to become a reality while others, which would see the entity in a worse position, are not hoped for. A closer look reveals that with a consideration of what predictions are used for by an entity, predictions and hopes are less independent. By predicting an event that one hopes for, the chances that it actually happens might be increased. E.g. in business environments predicting that a competitor will have no chance might intimidate the opponent and help to be victorious. On the other hand, predicting a bad result might induce the entity under consideration to change its current course of action. E.g. the catastrophe predictions of the Club of Rome in the Sixties were meant to be a self-destructing prediction to save the entity, human society, from running into environmental disaster. In both cases, predictions usually exaggerate to produce a stronger impact. Therefore, the way a prediction is formulated always to some extent carries the hopes or anxieties of the entity that produces it.

Banking Performance During the Global Financial Crisis: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh

Purpose-The Russia-Ukraine conflict and 19 pandemics have severely damaged the world economy. Banking institutions are crucial to the functioning of any economy, and their financial standing is a vital indicator of the economy's stability. Any major development, be it political or economic, has an impact on the banking industry. The dollar rate's volatility and other issues hurt the GDP. Therefore, the study examines banking performance in vulnerable global situations before and during the pandemic. This study utilizes 7 years of panel data to analyze global financial crisis banking performance. Design/methodology- Eight ratios were used to compare the banks' profitability, efficiency, liquidity position, and default risk: return on asset, asset utilization ratio, operational efficiency ratio, debt to asset ratio, loan to deposit ratio, loan to asset ratio, credit risk, and bank size. The descriptive statistics show lower ROA and AUR values for banks, but a lower CR value suggests that pandemic-era borrowers will repay their loans on time. Findings – Due to their reliance on borrowed capital, banks may be more vulnerable to default and financial leverage since they lack the liquidity to meet unforeseen requirements for funds. This is indicated by the higher mean values of DAR, LDR, and LAR. Ratio analysis shows that pre-pandemic banks profited well throughout the pandemic. State-owned banks have a worse position in profitability, efficiency, and default risk but a better position in liquidity in both study periods. Conventional banks placed first in profitability, but Islamishariah-based banks placed first in efficiency, high liquidity risk, and low default risk. Originality –This study will help bank officials find the flaw and prevent it from improving financial performance and recovering from the global crisis. This may assist bank investors and depositors in choosing wisely.

Sky location of Galactic white dwarf binaries in space-based gravitational wave detection

Quickly localizing the identified white dwarf (WD) binaries is the basic requirement for the space-based gravitational wave (GW) detection. In fact, the amplitude of GW signals are modulated by the periodic motion of GW detectors on the solar orbit. The intensity of the observed signals is enhanced according to the observation time beyond a year to enhance a high signal to noise ratio (SNR). As data gap exists, the completeness of the data observed for a long time depends on filling gaps in the data. Actually, in a year period, the GW sources have a best observation orbit position of GW detectors, where the intensity of GW is maximum. Thus, the best positions can be searched for the verified GW sources of the sky map to enhance SNR too, which avoids filling data gaps. For the three arms response intensity of the GW signals changing more clearly with the location of the GW sources relative to the detector, the noises and the suppression of noise by time delay interferometer are ignored. As a verification case, the four WD binaries are chosen, whose best observation orbit positions of the GW detectors are related to the direction of WD binaries perpendicular to the detection arms. The two verification binaries: J0806 and V407 Vul are observed at the best orbit positions by TAIJI for the short time of 2 and 3 days respectively. The corresponding intensities of GWs are above the values of the TAIJI sensitivity curve, significantly. Location parameter estimation of the verification WD binaries are performed using the Metropolis–Hastings MCMC method. The confidence level of the parameters obtained in the best position is significantly several times higher than that in the worst position where the direction of WD binaries are almost parallel to the detection arms. Compared with a single detector, the network of two detectors improve slightly the accuracy of location of the verification binaries. These results imply that the searching of GW signals and parameter estimation of GW sources from the experimental data of the space-based mission do not ignore the orbit positions relevant to GW sources.

Simulation of capacitorless DRAM based on polycrystalline silicon with a vertical underlap structure and a separated channel layer

In this study, a capacitorless one-transistor dynamic random-access memory (1T-DRAM) based on polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) with a vertical underlap structure and a separated channel layer was designed and analyzed. The memory performance was improved by the vertical underlap structure and the region separated into channel and storage layers. The vertical underlap structure suppressed the recombination rate by storing the holes in the isolated body and could be more easily fabricated than a conventional underlap structure. The thicknesses of the vertical underlap structure and storage region were optimized to enhance the memory performance. When the grain boundary (GB) is centrally located, the proposed 1T-DRAM demonstrates a retention time and sensing margin of 3.618 s and 29.93 μA μm−1, respectively. Even when the GB is in the worst position at T = 358 K, the memory still shows a retention time of 1.991 s and a sensing margin of 4.51 μA μm−1.

Neoliberal Tactics: An Analysis of Aravind Adiga and Mohsin Hamid’s Novels

Neoliberalism is a theory of the political and financial system, and it is also known as modern capitalism. It multiplies the wealth of the effluent but affects people with low incomes badly. The oppressed are getting in the worst position due to neoliberal policies. The current research examines The White Tiger and How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia from the particular perspective of privatization, which is thought to be the most significant feature of neoliberalism. The study has considered the concerns about neoliberalism raised by left-wing thinkers Chomsky and Krishna. The study employs qualitative textual analysis and neoliberal criticism as a theoretical framework. The novels highlight the difficulty of both protagonists doing jobs, particularly in private businesses. When they join private businesses, they pick up fraudulent methods and use them to make money. They use their connections with bureaucrats and commit crimes to enrich themselves in their own companies. According to the study, private organizations disproportionately impact the poor, while the rich receive more advantages in such inequality. Neoliberal policies are beneficial for the wealthy but detrimental to the poor.

An Assessment of Women Empowerment in Various Fields

Abstract: Women contribute about half of the total population of the world. India is a country which maintains high percentage of women population. They are often regarded as the better half of the society. In traditional societies they were confined to the four walls of house. But under the waves of liberalization and privatization, the role of women as entrepreneur and economic workers are already visible. The new breed of enterprising females is developing in India. The Constitution of India has guaranteed the right of equality to all citizens irrespective of their sex, caste, creed and region. The persistent of gender inequality is most starkly brought home in the phenomenon of “missing women”. For each missing women, there are many more women who fail to get an education, a job, or a political responsibility that they would have obtained if they had been men. Government after realising the situations of women and their worse position in the society took huge initiatives to bring about a change and improve the social, economic and political conditions of women. It cannot be said that the measures taken have been completely implemented in the society as still customs and traditions are given much more importance in a country like India, still, a gradual change has been experienced by the women over these years and they have become much more independent and aware in today’s time.

Raz’s appeal to law’s authority

AbstractJoseph Raz’s Argument from Authority is one of the most famous defences of exclusive positivism in jurisprudence, the position that the existence and content of the law in a society is a wholly social fact, which can be established without the need to engage in moral analysis. According to Raz’s argument, legal systems are de facto practical authorities that, like all de facto authorities, must claim legitimate authority, which itself entails that they must be capable of being an authority. Further, once we properly understand what constitutes practical authority, as captured by Raz’s service conception, we realise that the directives of any authority (including the law) must be wholly identifiable without recourse to moral analysis. While the argument has previously been criticised on the grounds that the law does not claim legitimate authority, and further that the service conception of authority itself is inadequate, we argue here that the argument is actually in a worse position than these concerns recognise, for it relies upon the mistaken principle that a sincere belief or claim that p guarantees p’s conceptual possibility.

Primary morbidity of adolescents in the Vilyui group of districts of the republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 1996–2021

The analysis of the primary morbidity of the adolescent population of the districts/uluses included in the Vilyui group (Verkhnevilyuisky, Vilyuisky, Mirninsky, Nyurbinsky and Suntarsky) has been carried out. First, we analyzed the morbidity data in the indicated uluses in a comparative aspect with all the administrative-territorial formations of the republic. At the same time, the levels of morbidity for certain classes of diseases were revealed in dynamics for the periods under consideration. It was found that, in terms of the incidence of adolescents, in general, the Suntarsky, Nyurbinsky and Verkhnevilyuisky uluses had a relatively better position, and the Vilyui ulus had a relatively worse position. In the Vilyui ulus, relatively high levels of primary morbidity are noted in 12 classes of diseases out of 17, while in the Nyurbinsky ulus – one each.

Determinants in the Valuation of Streaming Companies and Streaming Platforms

The triumph of streaming platforms has its origins in the last millennium. Mobile communications standards and, thus, transmission bandwidths continued to develop. At least to the same extent, physical media carriers lost massive importance, eroding the business models of traditional media companies and causing industries to converge. Internet and media companies, therefore, felt compelled to acquire streaming platforms or entire companies operating such platforms. The paper focuses on the valuation of streaming companies and streaming platforms, which can be regarded as definable parts of a company: What is the maximum price that the rational presumptive acquirer of such a company (part) can pay for them without putting himself in a worse position by acquiring it than by not acquiring it? The value to be determined has the character of a decision limit and depends on the target system and the decision field of the valuation subject. The valuation of a streaming company is divided into the following three steps in a decision-oriented sense: 1. Delimitation and quantification of the relevant future successes (Determination of relevant data) 2. Transformation of the determined data into a decision value 3. Weighing up (subjective) decision value and (objective) price. The aim of this paper is to support valuation steps 1 and 2. To this purpose, the paper primarily presents the fundamentals of valuation and the delimitation and quantification of the relevant future earnings. The main task of valuation is the transformation of the qualitative and quantitative information on future successes determined from well-founded forecasts into a value that fulfills the function pursued by using the future performance value. This value is ultimately intended to support the decision-making subject's decision.

Basics of improving special protection for convicted persons – critical remarks

The article treats about problem of special protection which is dedicated to convict taking part in criminal proceedings as witness, suspect, accused or aggrieved and due to this position there exists serious threat or immediate concern of serious threat to his life or health. Such kind of protection is connected with fact that the person covered by it, may be attacked or threatened by others who are afraid of being in worse position in leading criminal cases or beig accused of any offence. The analyzes performed in the text prove that regulation of article 88d of Polish Executive Penal Code is complicated, leads to unequal treatment of convicts and basically duplicates the existing regulations in convict’s protection. It is proposed to remove the article 88d from Polish Executive Penal Code.

Anatomical position of the mandibular condyle after open versus closed treatment of unilateral fractures: A three-dimensional analysis

This study aimed to compare open and closed treatment for unilateral mandibular condyle neck and base fractures by final three-dimensional (3D) condylar position at 6 months follow-up. 3D position was associated with mandibular functioning and pain. A total of 21 patients received open (n = 11) or closed (n = 10) treatment. 3D positions were assessed on cone-beam computed tomography scans. Volume differences, root mean square, translations, and rotations were obtained related to the pursued anatomical position and compared between treatment groups by the Mann-Whitney U test. The 3D position parameters were associated with the maximum interincisal opening (MIO), mixing ability test (MAT), Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ), and pain based on Spearman correlation coefficients (rs). Translation in the medial-lateral direction was smaller after open treatment (P = 0.014). 3D position was not associated with the MAT; however, worse position was associated with a smaller MIO. A larger pitch rotation was associated with a worse MFIQ (rs = 0.499, P = 0.025). Volume reduction of the affected condyle was associated with more pain (rs = −0.503, P = 0.020). In conclusion, after unilateral condylar fractures, worse 3D position is associated with a smaller mouth opening and worse patient-reported outcomes. This is independent of the chosen treatment, despite a better anatomical reduction after open treatment.

Analisis Rasio Keuangan Untuk Menilai Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan

This study aims to determine the financial performance of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk for the 2020–2022 period based on financial ratio analysis. PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk's financial performance can be measured using financial ratios consisting of Liquidity, Solvency, activity, and Profitability Ratios. The data analysis technique used in this study is a quantitative descriptive analysis technique, and the data used is secondary data in the form of the financial reports of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk for the 2020–2022 period obtained from the Official Website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The results showed that the liquidity ratio was relatively good, which could be seen from the value of the company's current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio. Even though the cash ratio value of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk is below 100% or 1, However, the value of the Current ratio, Quick ratio, and Cash Ratio of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk is so optimistic that it will increase every year. The solvevability Ratio of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk is classified as good because the debt-to-asset ratio (DAR) and debt-to-equity ratio (DER) values are optimistic that they will decrease, even though the DER value in 2020 and 2021 is above 100% or 1. PT Indofood's Activity Ratio Sukses Makmur Tbk is classified as good, as can be seen from the values of the Inventory Turnover Ratio, Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio, Total Asset Turnover Ratio, and Receivable Turnover Ratio, which have increased from 2020 to 2022. Although in 2022 the Inventory Turnover Ratio value will decrease due to excess inventory purchases, PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk's Profitability Ratio is in a bad position, as can be seen from the proportions of PT Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk's Net Profit Margin Ratio, Gross Profit Margin Ratio, Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) from 2021–2022, which experienced a significant decline. The percentage of impairment in 2021–2022 beats the proportion of increase in the ratio from 2020–2021.

Socioeconomic Position and Dental Caries in Latin America: A Systematic Review

People who are in a bad socioeconomic position usually experience bad health outcomes. Moreover, higher mortality rates are linked to deteriorating socioeconomic status. This trend can also be observed in oral health. Worldwide, the highest prevalence of disease caries in permanent teeth was observed in Andean Latin America. The aim of this review was to determine the risk of caries based on the socioeconomic position in Latin America. The protocol was designed in accordance with the Cochrane standards for systematic reviews. The search criteria met the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 152 articles were reviewed. Finally, 9 studies were included in the review. There is a direct association between socioeconomic status, parents' educational level, family income, and oral health education and patients' caries experience. Furthermore, this review highlights the lack of research in Latin America on oral health and the lack of policies based on scientific evidence to try to reduce the caries rate in the pediatric and adult population.

Equal Pay and the Equality Act 2010: An Accidental Paradox in Need of Change?

The approach in the United Kingdom to sex-based equal pay has for a long time been distinct from general sex discrimination and from equal pay based on other protected characteristics. This dichotomy allows for a greater focus on sex-based equal pay, in a distinct statutory regime, but also risks creating unnecessary, unintended and detrimental distinctions. This article outlines the different legislative approaches adopted in pursuit of related public policy goals regarding equality and explores, and suggests legislative and interpretative solutions to, a significant issue whereby problematic wording in the Equality Act 2010, and judicial interpretation of it, could unjustifiably leave sex-based claimants in a worse position than those with other protected characteristics with regard to both to injury to feelings and constructive dismissal.

Analisis Laporan Arus Kas (Studi Kasus PT. Bosua Asuransi Cabang Jambi Bulan Oktober-Desember Tahun 2018)

This study aims to determine the condition of cash flow in PT. Bosowa Insurance Jambi Branch. if you look at the analysis of the cash flow statement. Data collection is carried out with literature and documentation research techniques. Research methods. by using descriptive analysis methods using cash flow from operating activities, investments, and funding as well as ratio analysis, namely: Operating Cash Flow Ratio (AKO), Cash Coverage Ratio to Current Debt (CKHL), Capital Expenditure Ratio (PM), Total Debt Ratio (TH). The results of this study show that the company's total cash flow during October-December 2018 shows that the company is in a non-liquid condition when assessed in terms of its operational activities. With the ratio analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that there is a decrease in cash flow, especially in operating activities every year and the company's ability to overcome its current liabilities still cannot be resolved.This shows that Bosowa Asuransi Jambi Branch was in a bad position during October-December 2018

Work-related risk factors and the prevalence of low back pain among low-income industrial workers in Bangladesh: results from a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesIndustrial workers are exposed to various musculoskeletal problems especially in tasks related to production. Low back pain is the main problem in most musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, our study aims to identify the prevalence of work-related low back pain and its risk factors among industrial workers in Bangladesh.Materials and methodsA sample of 384 industrial workers aged 18–55 years in Bangladesh was selected to conduct this cross-sectional study to assess low back pain prevalence and identify its risk factors. Regression analysis was performed regarding socioeconomic status and risk factor related to LBP through interviews and questionnaires.ResultsData analysis showed that the prevalence of LBP in industrial workers in Dhaka City was 238 (62%). Low back pain was associated with increasing age (odd ratio = 1.05). Other significant risks for pain in the low back were being a permanent employee (OR 3.15) and working more than 8 h (OR = 1.99). Also, LBP was associated with incorrect body mechanics use, repetitive bending, and continuous long-time sitting risk was higher than others.ConclusionThe results of this investigation highlight a high proportion of LBP and its risk factors among industrial workers in Dhaka City. Age, type of employment, working hours, use of incorrect body mechanics, repeated bending or twisting, and prolonged sitting were among the risk factors for back pain. Therefore, exercising, providing adequate training for properly maintaining body mechanics, and avoiding bad positions may be among the most powerful steps needed to avoid or prevent development of back pain.

Patriarchal Culture, Sexual Violence, and Legal Protection for Women in Indonesia

Patriarchal culture cannot be separated from women's lives. Male domination over women has become a daily reality in many countries. Patriarchal culture assumes that women are "objects" and men are humans. In this case, men become subjects, and women as objects are regulated by men in various lines of life and culture. The impact of patriarchal culture is to place women who experience sexual violence in a worse position. At the level of the construction of a large Indonesian society that still uses a patriarchal paradigm, women are placed as second-class citizens. As a result, often the statements and reports from women are not heard. A further implication for women victims of sexual violence is that they are re-victimized by society, considered as the party that caused the violence. This article will raise two legal issues related to legal theory and law. The first legal issue in this paper is related to feminist legal theory based on the feminist view that in history, law is to perpetuate the position of women under the subordination of men. After discussing feminist legal theory, the author will discuss the second issue, namely law related to law enforcement in the field of sexual violence and its relation to feminist legal theory. Feminist legal theory is needed in building the basis of statutory norms (legal dogmatics) and the justice system to eliminate all forms of violence, especially sexual violence.