World Literature Research Articles

Философия поэзии: проблемы изучения (обзор материалов «круглого стола»)

On October 24, 2023, as part of the scientific project of the A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences “Literature through Philosophical Prism: the History of Russian Lyrics in V. Solovyov’s Aesthetics”, supported by the Russian Science Foundation (RSF, project No. 23-28-00800), with the participation of the Moscow State Budgetary Institution of Culture “‘A.F. Losev House’ – Research Library and Memorial Museum” and with informational support from the journal “Voprosy Filosofii”, an International Round Table “Philosophy of Poetry: Problems of Study” was held. During the round table, the following groups of questions were discussed: 1) How do literature and philosophy interact in Russian lyric poetry from the late 18th to the early 20th century, and what are the connections between philosophical ideas reflected in contemporary philosophical concepts prevalent in the intellectual environment? How was poetry perceived and interpreted by Russian philosophers (Vl. Solovyov, N.A. Berdyaev, S.N. Bulgakov, A.F. Losev, S.L. Frank, and others), and what are the forms of influence of their philosophical-aesthetic systems on poetic creativity, including through literary criticism? 2) What are the theore­tical foundations and chronological boundaries of the existence of “philosophical poetry”? What are the similarities and differences between “philosophical poetry” and “poetry of thought”? What is the relevance and what are the epistemological possibilities of poetic anthropology, ontology, and gnoseology? 3) What are the mechanisms for generating philosophically rich symbols and mythologems in poetry? What are the teleological foundations of artistic rhythm? What function do the spatial-temporal coordinates that form the artistic world of lyric poetry serve?

Периоперационное ведение пациентов с артериальной гипертензией. Методические рекомендации Общероссийской общественной организации «Федерация анестезиологов и реаниматологов»

Arterial hypertension is the most common and socially significant disease among the adult population, which is associated with the development of cardiovascular and other complications during non-cardiac surgery. In 2020, the all-Russian public organization Federation of Anesthesiologists and Intensive Care Specialists developed recommendations for the perioperative management of patients with concomitant hypertension, which have no analogues in the world literature. In the second edition, from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine, the section of preoperative assessment was expanded by substantiating functional tests and instruments for stratification of cardiac risk, the tactics of antihypertensive therapy in the perioperative period were clarified, safe target thresholds of blood pressure during anesthesia were reasoned, including the variability and duration of this indicator. The recommendations are intended for anesthesiologists and intensive care specialists, but they will also be useful for students, clinical residents, graduate students and doctors of all surgical specialties.

Historical-contextual Method of World Literature Studies: Foundation and Development of A.A. Gugnin’s Scientific School in Polotsk

Historical-contextual Method of World Literature Studies: Foundation and Development of A.A. Gugnin’s Scientific School in Polotsk

VIKTORIYA DAVRIDAGI REALISTIK ROMANCHILIK

This article discusses the history of Victorian realist novels, the rise of the novel, the evolution of Victorian realist novels, the characteristics of Victorian realist novels, and the publication of realist novels in newspapers and magazines. In world literature, it is recognized that the history of realistic novels of the Victorian era had a great influence on the development of humanitarian ideas, and that they fully described social life and existing problems in society.

A Study on the Language Arts of English and American Literary Translation from a Cross-cultural Perspective

British and American literature is one of the mainstreams of world literature and occupies a pivotal position in the world literary arena. However, due to the differences between Chinese and Western cultures, Chinese people inevitably have to face the constraints of various factors when they appreciate, study and analyze British and American literature. In order to solve this problem, this paper attempts to make a deep analysis of the translated works of British and American literature from a cross-cultural perspective, so that readers can better understand the ideological implications and values contained in British and American literature, so that they can better appreciate art.

Aesthetic Tradition and Cultural Temperament

British and American literature is one of the bright gems in the history of world literature, which has formed a unique literature after many times of historical evolution and integration of national culture. This paper makes an in-depth study of the historical development of Britain and the United States, starting from the three dimensions of "aesthetic tradition", "cultural temperament" and "translation of British and American literature", and discussing from two aspects of literary criticism and aesthetic perception. It is helpful to understand the unique cultural connotation and temperament of British and American culture, so as to better understand the cultural connotation of British and American classics and improve the translation quality of British and America literary works.

Oropharyngeal candidiasis — interdisciplinary aspects of childhood medicine

Scientific research in recent years has increased the interest of clinicians in the role of microorganisms in maintai­ning health and the occurrence of diseases. In most cases, fungal lesions of the oral mucosa are a manifestation of numerous somatic diseases and the results of their treatment and contri­bute to complications. To write this article, the information was searched ­using the databases Scopus, Web of Science, Med Zine, Pub Med, Google Scholar, the new version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) and the Standards of Care “Rational use of antibacterial and antifungal drugs for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes” (2023) were taken into account. The review presents data from the world literature on the role of fungal infection in the development of oropharyngeal candidiasis in children, current perspectives on the mechanism of its formation, clinical manifestations and diagnosis. A comparative characterization of the recommendations of national and foreign guidelines and a generalization of retrospective analyzes on the feasibility of prescribing systemic antifungal drugs for candidal lesions of the oral mucosa and possible methods of correction for mycoecological disorders in children are given. In the context of the presented problem, an integrated approach of a primary care physician, dentist and pediatrician to the diagnosis and treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in children is recommended. Timely diagnosis of oropharyngeal candidiasis in children, individual selection of antifungal drugs, synbiotics and multicomponent agents based on probiotics should be a priority area of joint work of general practitioners — family physicians, pediatricians and dentists.

التأثير والتأثر بين الروايات العربية والرواية الغربية

ABSTRACT This article aims to study “The influence and influence between the Arabic novel and the western novel” and to explain the roles they contain in reviving the art of literature and language in the Islamic world. Especially among the muslim nation، the main purpose of the article is to highlight the value and high degree between the two novels in the society studied، and a tribute to the arab and Islamic libraries. The researcher follows the descriptive and inductive approach in presenting what he discusses. The study will be completed by mentioning evidence، models، and related matters in some of the important information it concludes. After that comes the conclusion، which includes all the research outcomes، then references and footnotes.

Plastic Theory/Studies

Abstract While this year’s chapter on plastic theory/studies is relatively short, with only three texts reviewed, it is a harbinger of important texts in preparation that, next year, will broaden the field into dimensions as diverse as world literature and theology. Such an expansion is logical when we see that the texts published this year include: an important and practical textbook introduction as part of MIT Press’s Essential Knowledge series (Imari Walker-Franklin and Jenna Jambeck’s Plastics); a chapter in a book on flashpoint epistemologies (Ranjan Ghosh’s ‘Plastic Pedagogy: Rabindranath Tagore Revisited’); and a book that links plasticity to political thought (Fathali M. Moghaddam’s Political Plasticity). As this review will show, together these texts speak not only of the contemporary anxieties of a world enmeshed in climate and political catastrophes, but also of the pedagogical and political hopes of new generations of scholars and artists, who are thinking about plasticity and plastic theory—not only in texts but also in their practices and art—in relation to a future still in formation.

Erythema Elevatum Diutinum in Association with IgA Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance

Erythema Elevatum Diutinum (EED) is a distinctive form of chronic leukocytoclastic vasculitis characterized by red to brown papules, plaques, and nodules that favor the extensor aspect of the extremities. EED is a benign condition but may be associated with several systemic diseases, including hematologic disorders, infections, and autoimmune conditions. EED is a rare entity of vasculitis, with less than 400 cases being reported in world literature to date. We present a rare case of a 61-year-old male with IgA monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and a 17-year history of EED that improved significantly with dapsone treatment.

The Birth of Hyperborea. Volynsky vs Blok

The article treats the historical discussion between A. L. Volynsky and A. A. Blok, which took place at several meetings of the editorial board of the publishing house “World Literature” in 1919. The reason for the discussion was Blok’s presentation on the translations of H. Heine where the poet discusses the fate of modern culture and the related problem of humanism. Blok understands humanism as a specific cultural and historical phenomenon, rooted in the Renaissance and asserting the perfect autonomy of the human person and total individualism. On the contrary, Volynsky considers humanism as a universal and timeless principle, as “the ideological core of every historical process.” The dispute soon spilled over into the field of comparative religion; its subject was Heine’s Judaism and, more broadly, Judaism as one of the sources of Christianity. In the course of this discussion Volynsky’s concept of the Hamitic basis of the Christian faith, which was therefore devoid of monic monolithicity, was developed. This concept will form the basis of his book “The Hyperborean Hymn,” which will become the final chord of his creative life. This book will reconsider the then fashionable hypothesis about the Arctic origin of the Aryan civilization. According to Volynsky, Hyperborea was a real northern country. Its inhabitants were a single people, their whole life was determined by the principle of monism. Due to climate change, several thousand years ago the Hyperboreans were forced to leave their land. Scattered throughout the southern lands, they lost their original monism — all except the Semites, who retained the features of their ancient ancestors and monotheistic religion. In the spirit of Russian cosmism, the author prophesies about the coming era of the “new Apollo”— a man of holistic consciousness and universal intelligence who will live forever.

The Issues of English Literature in South Sudan: An Analytical of Five Articles Published on Line in Four Selected Schools and University of Juba

English Literature deterioration in Sudan and South Sudan is due to inconstant education policy by precious governments. It has been observing that they are lacking interest and commitment to learn and teaching Literature at the secondary level. There are claims that students and lectures are not contributing extensively in African Literature and World Literature. The causes for lecturers, are attribute to low salaries, demotivation, lack of internet connectivity, unregular payment of the salaries, lack of accommodation and transport. The reasons of graduate students of Language and literature are related to incompetence and uninterest in producing literary works such as poetry, drama, fiction and non-fiction. The third causes for lectures were attributed to teaching in numerous universities, in order to generate more payments to cater for their family’s needs. The critics and analysts argued that the students are not sponsored by the government in order to learn and teach at the secondary schools. The study explores the two groups; the first group think that English Literature is dying in South Sudan since there are no more literary works produced in South Sudan. The second group disagrees that English is not dying since English Language is an official language in South Sudan.

Narrative Analysis of Pañcatantra

Pañcatantra is a widely spread and popular text in world literature. Pañcatantra is available in more than 200 versions in over 50 languages, more than 35 of which are non-Indian languages. Pañcatantra though known as a didactic fable its primary intention is to give the lessons of polity, diplomacy and worldly wisdom. This is well understood when the word tantra is decoded using tools of narrative analysis. ‘Box in box tale’ is a remarkable feature of Sanskrit literature. Pañcatantra skillfully uses this to convey the import but at the same time ‘box in box pattern’ is used in such a manner that stories are bound with each other as well as loose. Due to this, they have become popular in an independent manner as well in different languages. The employment of animal characters in the story is yet another remarkable feature of Pañcatantra which has helped to convey the message effectively. The frame story of Viṣṇuśarman is yet another narrative which is attached to Pañcatantra. It’s worth thinking about whether this story is real or fictitious like other stories of Pañcatantra. This paper is an attempt to analyze the narrative features of Pañcatantra to understand the secret of its popularity.

“ALI AND NINO”: BETWEEN POETRY AND REALITY

One of the most interesting and enigmatic works of art of the history of Azerbaijan culture in terms of a lot of problems is a novel of “Ali and Nino”. This work whose author is still unknown can be considered as the masterpiece of world literature both in artistic and aesthetic terms and also from the point of view of intellectual level. The point is that there are some examples of creativity in the world that they are covered with the secrets between the destiny and love of reader and author and become target of different opinions for a long time. Personality and tragedies of Shakespeare, conflicting opinions around "The Quiet Don" of M.Sholokhov etc. also includes here. The work “Ali and Nino” that can conquer the hearts of readers with its character which is cohere with its generation – pedigree, Baku, Motherland with endless love and deep fanaticism in all respects, translated from German language to Azerbaijani language in the 70s are among such mysterious works of the world literature.

Maternal death in world literature

The article highlights issues aimed at maternal death in literature. The literary works of Tolstoy, Turgenev, Bunin, Rabelais, Martin, Pushkin, Mann, etc., are discussed.

Can Bookstagrammers Make a Book More Recognizable? The Case of “Bookstagram Tour” in Romania

An essential element of everyday is the digital presence of consumers in the Internet marketplaces. Moreover, social media platforms are becoming an important part of 21st century commerce and mark a modern way of doing business. Thus, being in a world that is evolving in terms of social media and digital marketing, this article delves into the significant impact of Bookstagram influencers on the visibility and popularity of books. In other words, this article aims to take a close look at the “Bookstagram Tour” phenomenon in Romania, analyzing how bookstagrammers can increase the recognition of a book through their platforms. Starting from an exploratory-descriptive research, we highlight the examination of interactions, post likes and engagement metrics of posts related to a specific online book tour. The study aims to quantify the influence of bookstagrammers in promoting literary content, marking that such a promotion technique succeeds, both in the short and long term, in strengthening the relationship between influencer and consumer and increasing the number of digital interactions. This exploration is key to understanding the changing dynamics of book marketing and readership in the social media age, where influencers hold substantial power in shaping public opinion and determining trends in the literary world.

CROSS-WORLD NARRATIVES AND TRAVELS: RECONSTRUCTING THE HISTORY OF EARLY SYRIAN-AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS

Narratives of travel are part of world literature and cultural history. Scholarly research on migrant narratives and literature is a subfield of intercultural studies and comparative literature which allow cultures to bond and interact. Written histories of Arab Americans start with the Foundational Period (1880-1920) which revolves around the early immigrants from Historical Syria. This period is one of the least documented eras which is still difficult to reconstruct due to its many gaps and various obstacles. This paper examines the strategies and approaches used by Philip Hitti, the founder of Arabic Studies in the United States, who established the master models and approaches for the study of the Syro-Lebanese immigrant community. This model is based on locating alternative sources that include ̶ in addition to official sources and written accounts ̶ folksongs, literary texts, popular stories, and personal memories. It makes use of them to reconstruct the history of this community, which is characterized by its rich popular culture and long tradition of story-telling. There may be polemics and prejudices in presenting the wealth of the oral and cultural tradition of Historical Syria’s communities in the mainstream popular and official narratives about Arabs and Muslims. When presented with scholarly research and comparative perspectives, immigrants’ narratives can have a valuable contribution to world literature on immigration.

Romanticism and Justice

ABSTRACT This introduction addresses seven articles developed from talks delivered at the 29th annual conference of the North American Society for the Study of Romanticism, which convened from 30 March to 1 April 2023, at Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas. The articles represent the broad range of engagements at the conference with the conference topic, Romanticism and Justice, but they also share a number of common themes: the urgency of inclusivity, the importance of attending to place in matters of justice, the prevalence but often overlooked influence of institutions that shape the literary world, as well as the often close connections between literature and social movements that seek greater justice. In charting these intertwined themes across the essays, this introduction reflects on past and future conferences and the need for scholars individually and academic associations collectively to consider not merely the subject matter of their research but also who is included in discussions and deliberations about what we do and why.

Mkrtich Sargsyan’s Fairytale-Novel “Brave Nazar”

The re-evaluation and new interpretations of the characters of positive and negative heroes in folklore are not new in the Armenian and world literature. Armenian greatest writers Hovhannes Tumanyan, Avetik Isahakyan, Derenik Demirchyan, Stepan Zoryan, Hamastegh and others have touched on the character of Brave Nazar. As a talented novelist, Mkrtich Sargsyan was deeply aware of the responsibility he undertook by writing an extensive work, a fairy tale-novel, which has been highly appreciated in the literary world. Mkrtich Sargsyan created many toponyms corresponding to the places of residence and the behavior of the heroes: Sarsaghstan, Talanstan, as well as proper names: Pespes, Dghird, whore Pepush, folklore singer Aigun, Azatuni, Varduni, Khrokhtuni, playwrights Chkunyan, Tsakhkuni, actor Nmanakyan playing the role of Nazar. Nazar is not a one-faced character: on the one hand he is a coward, lazy, boastful peasant who gradually becomes a king, adopting typical behavior of a cruel, bloodthirsty ruler, sometimes as an intelligent king though. The characters of women in Nazar’s life are interesting: the virtuous, intelligent, beautiful woman Nazan, who transforms in the palace, and the whore Pepush, who eventually seduces Nazar. Sargsyan’s interpretations of the philosophy of fear are also interesting. There are almost no secondary characters in the fairy-tale novel, all of them have their justified roles in Nazar’s life. Pespes and Dghird are also among them. Nazar’s armor and flag are also notable. Mkrtich Sargsyan’s work is also rich in brilliant use of language imagery and expressive means.

Estranging the Novel: Poland, Ireland, and Theories of World Literature

Estranging the Novel: Poland, Ireland, and Theories of World Literature