Introduction: Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is important to prevent accidents and fatigue experienced by 32,8% of workers, while in the aviation industry, the shortage of technicians and 24-hour shift work system increases the risk of fatigue that impacts the safety and quality of aircraft maintenance. Method: This research is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional quantitative approach to 106 of 145 Aircraft Maintenance Engineers at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport Makassar, using KAUPK2, NASA-TLX, PSQI questionnaires, as well as pulse oximeter and BMI measuring instruments, with chi-square analysis and logistic regression through SPSS. Results: The results showed a significant relationship between several variables with work fatigue, namely age (p=0,001) tenure (p=0,002) smoking habits (p=0,000), sleep quality (p=0,002) marital status (p=0,000) physical workload (p=0,000) and mental workload (p=0,008). The logistic regression model proved feasible (p=0,000) and was able to explain 47,6% of the variation in work fatigue, with the most influential variables being age, marital status, physical workload, and smoking habits.Conclusion: This study concludes that job burnout in Aircraft Maintenance Engineers is significantly influenced by age, smoking habits, physical workload, and marital status, thus workload management, quality of life improvement, and work-family balance support need to be prioritized.

BackgroundExcessive workload, a key workplace stressor, occurs when job demands exceed employees' physical and mental capacities because of limited resources and time.ObjectiveThrough a meta-analysis, we examined the correlations of workload with personality traits, perceived negative and positive behaviors, and organizational factors.MethodsWe conducted a meta-analysis of 106 Taiwanese studies on workload published from 1999 to 2022.ResultsWorkload was positively correlated with personality traits and organizational factors; individuals with certain traits or organizational environments experienced elevated workload. Furthermore, workload was positively correlated with perceived negative behaviors, such as job stress and burnout, but negatively correlated with perceived positive behaviors, such as job satisfaction and well-being. These results highlight the complex and multidimensional effects of workload on employees and organizations.ConclusionsThis study offers a comprehensive econometric analysis of workload in the Taiwanese context and underscores the importance of effective workload management in enhancing employee well-being and organizational efficiency. Practical recommendations include optimizing task allocation on the basis of individual personality traits, implementing supportive organizational policies, and fostering a positive work culture. Future studies should explore additional moderating variables and compare domestic and international data to gain deeper insights into workload dynamics.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of teaching efficacy, perceived organizational support, and occupational stress on burnout among preceptor nurses. Methods: Participants included 156 nurses who had at least one month of preceptor experience within the past year. Data were collected using a structured self-report questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 27.0. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance with Scheffé post-hoc tests, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results: Occupational stress (β=.36, p<.001) and teaching efficacy (β=-.17, p=.017) were significant predictors of burnout among preceptor nurses, jointly explaining 36.0% of the variance. Conclusion: Occupational stress and teaching efficacy were identified as key determinants of burnout in preceptor nurses. Effective burnout prevention strategies should focus on reducing occupational stress through workload management and strengthening teaching efficacy via continuous training and organizational support.

This study examined the effects of Competence-Based Curriculum (CBC) implementation on pupils’ mathematics skills acquisition in primary schools within Kisarawe District Council. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research integrated quantitative and qualitative data to assess the impact of CBC on teaching practices, student learning outcomes, and classroom engagement. Guided by Constructivist Learning Theory and Skill Acquisition Theory, the study explored how learner-centered strategies, problem-solving tasks, and iterative practice foster cognitive development, analytical reasoning, and mastery of mathematical concepts. Data were collected from 50 participants, including teachers and pupils, using structured questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations. Quantitative data assessed engagement, problem-solving ability, and conceptual understanding, while qualitative data provided contextual insights into pedagogical practices. Findings indicate that CBC positively enhances pupils’ problem-solving and critical thinking skills. Around 80% of pupils reported that active participation improved conceptual understanding, while 77% noted that real-life application strengthened practical problem-solving. Pupils emphasized reasoning and logical thinking over rote memorization, reflecting the curriculum’s capacity to cultivate higher-order thinking. Teachers’ continuous feedback (97%) and use of resources and technology (94%) further supported reflective learning. Qualitative findings revealed that group discussions, collaborative exercises, and project-based tasks enhanced confidence and competence by allowing exploration of multiple solution strategies. Challenges identified include limited teacher training, inadequate resources, heavy workloads, and difficulty adapting to inquiry-based tasks. The study concludes that effective CBC implementation can significantly enhance mathematics skills acquisition. Recommendations include sustained professional development, improved resource provision, workload management, and systematic integration of ICT and learner-centered strategies to achieve the curriculum’s objectives.

This study aimed to address the current evidence gap on understanding the Australian pharmacists' readiness and perceptions about the provision of antibiotics for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) management in the community setting. A self-administered online survey tool was used to collect data from Australian pharmacists. Pharmacists were recruited via email and by advertising the study on social media platforms. The survey included questions on demographics, perceived benefits, willingness, competence, training adequacy, barriers, and enablers to providing UTI services. Data were analysed using descriptive, comparative and correlational statistical methods, and thematic analysis for qualitative responses. A total of 144 community pharmacists completed the survey. Pharmacists providing UTI services reported higher confidence in prescribing antibiotics (P < .001), collecting patient histories (P < .001), and differentiating between complicated and uncomplicated UTIs compared with non-providers (P < .001). The relationship between pharmacists' status in providing UTI services, and their overall confidence was mediated by their perceptions of being well-trained and competent. Key enablers included adequate training and resources, while major barriers included workload management and insufficient remuneration. Confidence in providing UTI services is significantly influenced by training and education. Pharmacists are willing to offer these services to enhance patient care, but additional support such as training, mentoring, appropriate resources, adequate staffing, and remuneration is essential. Addressing these barriers will be crucial for the sustainable implementation of UTI management services in community pharmacies. Future research should focus on strategies to support pharmacists in these expanded roles, and further validate these findings to enhance UTI management in community settings.

Modern data centers are becoming increasingly energy-intensive as AI workloads, hyperscale architectures, and high-power processors push power demand to unprecedented levels. This work examines the sources of rising energy consumption, including evolving IT load dynamics, variability, and the limitations of legacy AC-based power-delivery architectures. These challenges amplify the environmental impact of data centers and highlight their growing influence on global electricity systems. The paper analyzes why conventional grid-tied designs are insufficient for meeting future efficiency, flexibility, and sustainability requirements and surveys emerging solutions centered on DC microgrids, high-voltage DC distribution, and advanced wide-bandgap power electronics. The review further discusses the technical enablers that allow data centers to integrate renewable energy and energy storage more effectively, including simplified conversion chains, coordinated control hierarchies, and demand-aware workload management. Through documented strategies such as on-site renewable deployment, off-site procurement, hybrid energy systems, and flexible demand shaping, the study shows how data centers are increasingly positioned not only as major energy consumers but also as key catalysts for accelerating renewable-energy adoption. Overall, the findings illustrate how the evolving power architectures of large-scale data centers can drive innovation and growth across the renewable energy sector.

This study aims to examine the relationship between workload and job stress among emergency room nurses at Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe Regional General Hospital, Gorontalo City. A quantitative correlational research design with a cross-sectional approach was employed. The total population of 33 emergency room nurses was included as research participants through total sampling. Data were collected using standardized Likert-scale questionnaires measuring workload and job stress, adapted respectively from Gawron in Grech et al. (2009) and Robbins and Judge referenced in Ramlah et al. (2021). The collected data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test with a significance level of α = 0.05, following preliminary descriptive and normality examinations. The findings indicate that 48.5% of nurses experienced workload in the moderate category, while 39.4% reported moderate job stress levels. The correlation test revealed a strong positive relationship between workload and job stress (r = 0.890, p &lt; 0.05), demonstrating that increased workload is associated with higher stress among nurses. These results emphasize the importance of workload management and institutional support in reducing psychological strain and enhancing the well-being of emergency room nursing personnel.

Previous studies indicate that a considerable number of students frequently experience academic stress arising from various stressors during their undergraduate studies. Consequently, using 359 respondents, this quantitative study examines key stressors that lead to academic stress among undergraduates in three selected state universities in Sri Lanka. It further assesses the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the impact of stressors on perceived academic stress. Results reveal that bullying and social discrimination, pressure to excel academically, and heavy academic workload significantly impact on academic stress. Among these independent variables of the study, academic workload emerged as the strongest predictor of undergraduates’ academic stress. Moreover, findings revealed that self-efficacy partially mediates the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable, academic stress. When undergraduates encounter these stressors, their confidence and belief in their abilities and capabilities to overcome stressors tend to decline. Accordingly, universities are required to implement necessary policies and strategies to reduce academic workloads, such as limiting the number of continuous teaching weeks, introducing a central workload management system, and enforcing zero-tolerance policies against bullying and discrimination.

ABSTRACT The proliferation of cyber–physical systems (CPS) and heterogeneous multi-cloud infrastructures poses significant challenges for real-time, compliant, and adaptive resource orchestration. This paper proposes KG-ACS, a knowledge graph-based adaptive constraint scheduling framework for intelligent workload management in distributed CPS environments. KG-ACS models resource interdependencies, operational states, and constraints through a dynamic knowledge graph, enabling closed-loop, constraint-aware scheduling via semantic reasoning and hybrid optimisation across edge–cloud layers. Experiments on four large-scale public datasets show that KG-ACS reduces makespan by up to 18%, decreases compliance violations by 25%, and improves resource utilisation by 14% compared with state-of-the-art baselines.

This study aims to analyse the influence of job demand and work-life balance on the performance of anaesthesia nurses with job satisfaction as a mediating variable. The research problem departed from the finding that the performance of anaesthesia nurses at XYZ Hospital was not optimal, which was allegedly influenced by the high demands of work and the imbalance between work and personal life. This study uses a quantitative approach with survey methods and data collection through questionnaires on all contract anaesthesia nurses at XYZ Hospital. The data analysis technique was carried out with Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with smartPLS software to test the causal relationship between variables. The questionnaire was measured using a Likert scale of 1-5. The results of the study show that job demand has a negative and significant effect on job satisfaction and performance, while work-life balance has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction and performance. Job satisfaction has also been shown to have a positive effect on performance, as well as mediating the relationship between job demand and work-life balance on performance. These findings confirm the importance of workload management and improving the quality of work-life balance to promote job satisfaction and optimal performance of anaesthesia nurses.

This study explored the relationship between Psychological Capital (PsyCap) and Work Engagement, with Work Demand as a mediating variable, among HR professionals in the BPO industry in NCR. Using the JD-R Theory, the study aimed to assess how PsyCap relates to employee engagement and how work demands may affect this dynamic. A quantitative, correlational research design was employed, using a validated survey instrument distributed to purposively selected HR professionals with at least one year of experience in BPO companies within NCR. Data were analyzed using linear regression and mediation analysis. Findings revealed no significant relationship between PsyCap and Work Engagement (p = .336), PsyCap and Work Demand (p = .574), and Work Demand and Work Engagement (p = .298). Furthermore, work demand did not mediate the relationship between PsyCap and Work Engagement. Descriptive statistics showed that most respondents experienced high levels of work demand, particularly cognitive load, emotional effort, and time pressure. Despite the non-significant relationships, the consistently high levels of work demand underscore the need to address stress, burnout, and workload management among HR professionals. The findings suggest that while PsyCap is a valuable psychological asset, its effect may be diminished in environments with excessive work demands. It is recommended that BPO companies implement structured intervention programs that develop PsyCap, promote job crafting, and address workload and emotional strain to foster sustainable engagement. HR departments should integrate mental health support, resilience training, and workload balancing policies to enhance overall workforce well-being and productivity.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming the public sector, offering opportunities to enhance employees by streamlining processes, reducing workload, and fostering a supportive work environment. AI-powered tools handle rapid administrative tasks like data entry, document processing, and report generation. This reduces workload and frees up time for public sector employees to focus on meaningful, citizen-facing tasks. It has benefits for well-being, such as lower task monotony, decreased burnout, and increased satisfaction. AI analytics provide data-driven insights for tasks like resource allocation, case management, and policy planning. Tools like predictive analytics help employees prioritize high-impact tasks. By reducing decision fatigue and uncertainty, AI empowers employees to work more confidently and efficiently, lowering stress levels. AI-driven platforms offer tailored wellbeing support, such as mental health chatbots, personalised training programs, or workload management tools. These systems can detect signs of stress and recommend interventions. Thus, employees feel supported, leading to improved mental health and engagement. Flexible AI-supported remote work tools also enhance work-life balance. Powered learning platforms deliver customized training modules, helping employees upskill in areas like digital literacy or policy analysis. Virtual reality (VR) and AI simulation provide hands-on training for high-pressure roles. Consequently, skill development boosts confidence and career satisfaction, reducing anxiety about job obsolescence. Engaging training formats also increase motivation. In contrast to all these benefits, AI automation may create anxiety about job security, particularly in roles with repetitive tasks. Transparent communication and reskilling programs are essential to mitigate this. Excessive dependency on role employee autonomy leads to disengagement. Human oversight and balanced implementation are critical. The present paper focuses on all these issues in the light of recent studies in detail.

This paper has discussed how teacher workload management impacts on student achievements in secondary school. It examined the connection between teacher workload and academic performance of students and the effect of high teacher workload on students in learning and achievement. It used quantitative research design and data that were obtained using questionnaires with specific questionnaires that were given to secondary school teachers. The sample size of the study was 377 teachers who were representative of all the secondary schools in District Vehari. Analysis of data was done in SPSS with descriptive as well as inferential methodology. The results showed that teachers had high workload, especially on lesson planning, grading and administration tasks. This overwork was seen to restrain the capacity of teachers to deliver personalized instructions and sufficient academic support to students thus impacting negatively on the learning outcomes of students. The researcher finds out that efficient management of teacher workload is very crucial in ensuring better academic performance of students at secondary level. The findings demonstrate the adverse impacts of too much work on both teachers and students as well as the necessity of effective ways to deal with teacher workload. The research can provide school administrators and policymakers with useful information by pinpointing the principal workload stressors and management strategies that would help educators and lead to higher quality of education overall.

The rapid growth of smartphone use offers many benefits but also raises risks of problematic smartphone use (PSU), which negatively affects psychological well-being, job performance, and social interaction. While prior research has largely focused on adolescents and university students, studies on teachers remain limited. To address this gap, the present study examined the effects of fear of missing out (FoMO), loneliness, emotion regulation, and academic burnout on PSU among vocational high school teachers in Bekasi Regency, Indonesia. Using a quantitative ex-post facto design, data were collected from 132 teachers selected through multistage random sampling. Instruments (SAS-SV, FoMO Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, ERQ, Academic Burnout Scale) demonstrated excellent validity and reliability (α = 0.923–0.973). Multiple regression analysis indicated a significant effect (F = 6.491; p &lt; 0.001) with R² = 47%. Findings highlight the importance of digital well-being programs through adaptive emotional regulation, workload management, and healthy technology use. Keywords: academic burnout, emotion regulation, FoMO, problematic smartphone use, vocational high school teachers

Police personnel operate in high-demand environments characterized by emergency response, administrative documentation, and community engagement. These layered responsibilities, compounded by resource constraints, generate workload overload that may undermine well-being, job performance, and organizational efficiency. This study examined the extent, correlates, and consequences of workload overload among Pampanga police officers using a quantitative, descriptive–correlational, cross-sectional survey (N = 385). A structured instrument (4-point Likert scale) assessed workload overload, well-being, job satisfaction/performance, organizational efficiency, and perceived contributors and remedies. Reliability indices for all subscales were acceptable (α = .82–.89). Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s r, t-tests/ANOVA, and multiple regression were applied. Results indicate consistent agreement that officers experience task saturation, frequent multitasking due to staffing gaps, and extended hours (overall M = 3.12). Organizational factors (e.g., staff shortages, uneven task allocation, limited technology) significantly contribute to overload (M = 3.01) and correspond with lower job satisfaction (M = 2.95), diminished morale and well-being (M = 2.85), and perceived efficiency losses (M = 3.00). Demographic effects suggest higher strain among junior and female officers, and relatively better coping among more educated personnel. Findings align with JD-R (health-impairment and motivation pathways), JDC, COR, ERI, Role, and P–E Fit theories. Recommended reforms include manpower augmentation, digitalization of administrative tasks, supportive and fair supervision, wellness and resilience programming, and rank- and gender-sensitive workload management. Keywords: Workload Overload; Police Personnel; Well-Being; Job Performance; Organizational Efficiency

The research outlines the creation and use of an internal ticketing system via osTicket that aims at the enhancement of response time and operational efficiency among the teaching and non-teaching staff at First City Providential College (FCPC). The system is in accordance with the college's commitment to electronic transformation and service quality, and it is meant to facilitate the reporting and resolution of administrative and technical matters that are usually dealt with through manual procedures. The developmental research method was used and the study recorded the planning, the rollout, and the assessment of the ticketing platform on the local network. The indicators that were used to measure the performance were response time, communication clarity, and workload management. The findings show that there was a significant improvement in the time taken to resolve issues, manual task handling was reduced, and there was better organization of support requests through features that allowed categorization and prioritization. The user-friendly interface of the system and the built-in dashboard tools also assisted in basic reporting and tracking of issues, which in turn led to better resource distribution and internal collaboration. This project aligns with the goal of providing institutional service that is excellent through the use of digital solutions that are sustainable and in line with operational goals.

Purposes: Teacher turnover has especially negative effects on schools and students when experienced and capable teachers leave. This loss is significant when those teachers also serve as mentors to their less experienced colleagues. This study aimed to advance understanding about how school leaders can positively influence the retention of their school’s teacher mentors. Methodology: The framework for the study reflects a longstanding line of research on successful leadership. Using a cross-sectional research design, evidence was provided by responses to the mentor survey component of a larger four-year study examining the effects on retention decisions of a national induction programme for early-career teachers and their mentors in England. Structural equation modelling was employed to test the direct and indirect effects of school leadership and selected school conditions on mentors’ self-efficacy, well-being and job satisfaction, and ultimately retention decisions. Findings: Developing and retaining teacher mentors was associated with a suite of leadership practices which encourage collaborative cultures, provide coherent high-quality learning opportunities, and ensure what they perceive to be manageable workloads. These organizational conditions nurture the job satisfaction and self-efficacy of experienced teachers enhancing their sense of well-being at work. Implications: Results suggest four sets of guidelines for senior school leaders.

Sri Lanka’s event management industry has expanded rapidly in recent years and now plays an important role in the national economy. Despite this growth, the sector faces persistent challenges, particularly high employee turnover and elevated levels of occupational stress among professionals. This study examines how transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership styles influence employee stress within the industry, with additional attention to gender differences and the role of workload pressures. A quantitative study was conducted among executive-level employees from leading event management firms across three major urban centres in Sri Lanka. Leadership styles were assessed using the Full Range Leadership Model, while workplace stress was measured using a standardised psychological instrument. Data analysis explored overall patterns and predictive relationships between leadership behaviours and employee well-being. Findings reveal that transformational leadership is associated with reduced stress, creating a more supportive and motivating work environment. Transactional leadership demonstrated mixed outcomes, suggesting that its effectiveness depends on how it is applied in practice. Laissez-faire leadership emerged as the most detrimental style, contributing to increased stress, particularly in high-pressure and fast-paced organisational settings. Female employees reported higher stress levels than their male counterparts, and heavy workloads without adequate managerial support intensified strain across the sample. The study concludes that leadership style plays a critical role in shaping employee well-being in Sri Lanka’s event management sector. Organisations are encouraged to strengthen transformational leadership capabilities, introduce gender-responsive support mechanisms, and implement structured workload management to enhance retention, performance, and long-term industry sustainability.

School leaders are experiencing increasing job demands, high turnover, burnout, and declining well-being. Given the critical role school leaders play in our community, it is crucial to explore the factors contributing to and protecting from these issues. Guided by the Job Demands-Resources Model, this study examines the complex interplay between emotional demands, quantitative demands, resilience, burnout, and job satisfaction among school leaders. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse data from 2307 Australian school leaders. The results showed that job demands were positively related to burnout and negatively related to job satisfaction. In contrast, resilience was negatively related to burnout and positively related to job satisfaction. Interestingly, the results showed that individuals with higher levels of resilience exhibited a significantly stronger relationship between emotional demands and burnout. There was no significant interaction between resilience and quantitative demands. These results show that while building resilience is important, it is also crucial to implement strategies that reduce job demands, such as manageable workloads, adequate support, and organisational changes that prioritise well-being. A dual approach utilising policies and interventions to address both resilience and job demands is essential to ensure school leaders can thrive, ultimately benefiting the entire community.

Understanding the demographic profile insights relationship with ergonomic fitness could transform workplace wellness. This research with quantitative descriptive method using survey questionnaire in a 5-point Likert scale measurement distributed to non-teaching employees of private academic institutions explored how demographic insights can shape ergonomic fitness behaviors with a view to stimulating targeted and effective strategies. Non-teaching education workers have a good cognitive ergonomic awareness through the division of mental workload and mindfulness to bolster resilience and performance. The number of moderate efforts in balancing breaks and physical activity reveals another cultural gap where strategic rest is necessary to maintain cognition. Schools are proud of their ergonomic culture, with staff embracing healthy habits and optimizing workspaces for posture. However, the moderate use of ergonomic resources and personal workplace exercises indicate missed opportunities. This presents opportunities for further refinement by enhancing awareness and support institutionally for health-focused breaks that can reduce injury, improve well-being, and increase productivity to ensure greater benefits for participants and school communities. Age and sex have a minimal impact on ergonomic fitness habits, while job classification is a strong determinant of ergonomic fitness participation. Focus on enhancing cognitive ergonomics and workplace wellbeing is necessary by offering regular training on workload management and mindfulness, supported by smart digital tools. Recognition of mental health practices and peer support networks is highly recommended. A workplace culture valuing mental rest through breaks and open conversations while promoting ergonomic fitness includes redesigning schedules for micro-breaks, physical activity, and easy access to stretch guidelines or break zones. Regular review of workload and break policies to adapt an inclusive environment that balances productivity with cognitive wellness. Approaches to ergonomics tailored to non-teaching employees enable academic workplaces to create healthier and safer environments with long-term benefits.