Women In Psychiatry Research Articles

History of Women in Psychiatry

History of Women in Psychiatry

The Feminization of Psychiatry? Some Ruminations

This article considers the position of women in psychiatry today from the historical perspective of feminism. Feminism in medicine demands the inclusion of the traditional priorities of women: collaboration and cooperation over competition and hierarchy, compassionate care over technology and automation, flexible care for the individual in a social context over the study of units of diseased organs. These themes, in addition to the care of women and children, were prominent in the lives of early women physicians and again in the 1970s and 1980s. The number of women in psychiatry has increased. However, their influence is scant and feminist goals are again submerged. At the same time psychiatry has become increasingly interested in the organ (brain) at the expense of the individual person. Women need a new awakening. They must use their new presence to assert feminine values in patient care and protect themselves from becoming provider units on the assembly line.

Glass Ceiling Begins to Open, But Just a Crack

Glass Ceiling Begins to Open, But Just a Crack

Pregnancy of the early-career psychiatrist.

Since the 1970s the number of women physicians has steadily increased and is expected to continue to climb into the next century. Psychiatry is a medical specialty that has been successful in attracting women. As more young women enter psychiatry, more colleagues will be pregnant in the workplace. This paper explores some of the practical issues that pregnancy poses for the early-career psychiatrist, her colleagues, and her patients. A MEDLINE search was conducted. Literature on the pregnant physician, the pregnant therapist, and the pregnant resident was reviewed. Recommendations found in these resources were combined with the author's observations to create a single resource paper that outlines common problems and practical strategies for the psychiatrist who is pregnant. The integration of the psychiatrist's maternal identity with her professional identity is a task that often begins during pregnancy. The fear of abandonment is a common theme for patients under her care. Relationships with colleagues are sometimes strained. The medical workplace has been slow to accommodate the needs of women, who make up a growing percentage of professional employees. The reproductive years and the early years of practice overlap for a growing number of women in psychiatry. The life experience of motherhood can be an important part of one's growth as a psychiatrist. Relationships with coworkers and patients can be eased if potential problems are recognized and dealt with early on. Employers and medical organizations are challenged to make an investment in women professionals through the development of family-oriented policies.

Women in psychiatry

Women in psychiatry

Gender Differences in Career Paths in Psychiatry

Although psychiatry has one of the highest proportions of women entering its residency programs, women have not assumed a proportionate amount of academic or research leadership positions in the field. This literature review identifies three general groups of models that explain disparities between men's and women's careers, but these do not fully account for observed differences in psychiatric practice and academic progression of women in psychiatry. Gender differences in career paths in psychiatry are not only affected by individual traits and choices, but also by economic factors. Theories based on organizational discrimination, and systems and market factors are also reviewed. No single explanatory model accounts for disparities between the careers of men and those of women. Because psychiatric practice patterns may be broadly distributed across labor sectors, more diverse career patterns are possible in psychiatry than in more constrained and traditional fields. Research on gender differences in psychiatry careers must consider not only the individual work style and choice, but also the position of individuals within the organization and the position of those organizations across the labor market.

Sex Differences in Rank Attainment and Research Activities Among Academic Psychiatrists

Data from a survey distributed to all full-time faculty in academic departments of psychiatry were used to examine possible sex differences in research activities and rank attainment among psychiatrists. A total of 1923 psychiatrists responded, 1564 men (81.3%) and 359 women (18.7%). Continuous dependent variables were analyzed by using analyses of covariance with the year graduated from medical school as a covariate. For categorical dependent variables, the sample was divided into four 10-year cohorts based on the year graduated from medical school, and differences between men and women were analyzed with chi 2 tests. Over the entire sample, men were more likely than women to have had research training, to have ever been principal investigators on peer-reviewed grants, to mentor research trainees, to be currently involved in research activities, and to meet defined criteria as a "researcher." Many gender differences remained significant after controlling for seniority and research training. In every cohort, the men had attained higher academic rank than the women. In general, differences in research activity and productivity were most marked in the youngest cohort. To ensure a rich talent pool for psychiatric research, efforts must be made to recruit and support researchers from among the increased number of women in psychiatry.

Getting to the top? Careers of women in psychiatry

Getting to the top? Careers of women in psychiatry

Women in psychiatry.

Of the 1863 women who first gained a registrable qualification from the UK medical school during 1949 to 1951 (early cohort) and in 1965 (late cohort) and believed to be living on 1st October 1977, 74 per cent responded to a postal questionnaire. It was found that 9 per cent of these were not in current practice, and of the remainder, 9 per cent (111) were practising psychiatry. Their participation in medicine was as high or higher than their contemporaries in other branches of medicine. A higher but non-significant proportion (57 per cent) had achieved career posts than other practitioners (54 per cent). Psychiatry was the tenth (early) and sixth (late) most popular choice of specialty on graduation. Psychiatrists resembled other hospital practitioners but not non-hospital practitioners in citing interest, liking, or aptitude as their reason for choosing their current specialty. Of the practising psychiatrists, 37 per cent held the diploma of membership of the Royal College of Psychiatrists; these were engaged in more sessions per week and more often held career posts than the remainder.

Women in Psychiatry: Report of a Working Party of the Education Committee

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Women in Psychiatry: Report of a Working Party of the Education Committee

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Women in psychiatry: a review.

Throughout the world, psychiatry is in a period of accelerated transition. In each nation the role of women in psychiatry, and the role of psychiatry in the lives of women, reflect one aspect of the development of egalitarianism. Women psychiatrists have perennially been confronted with conflicts between their professional and private life responsibilities. Internationally, the external and internal factors that prohibit or limit women's personal development and vocational participation are being scrutinized. American psychiatry is proving to be a pioneer among medical specialities in this area.

Letter: Women in psychiatry.

Letter: Women in psychiatry.

Letter: Single women in psychiatry.

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessSingle Women in PsychiatryMAGDALENE C. NEMETHMAGDALENE C. NEMETHSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.131.3.329-bAboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail "Single Women in Psychiatry." American Journal of Psychiatry, 131(3), pp. 329-b–330 Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited ByNone Volume 131Issue 3 March 1974Pages 329-b-330 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 March 1974

Women in psychiatry.

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessWomen in PsychiatryREBECCA Z. SOLOMONREBECCA Z. SOLOMONSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.130.10.1136AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail "Women in Psychiatry." American Journal of Psychiatry, 130(10), pp. 1136–1137 Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byPsychopharmacology, Vol. 187, No. 3A new beginning II1 April 2006 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 150, No. 9Women in Australian and New Zealand Psychiatry: The Fat Lady Sings26 June 2016 | Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 25, No. 1The Professional Woman as Patient: A Review and an Appeal1 April 1982 | The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 27, No. 3Women's issues: a new beginning1 April 2006 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 138, No. 10Psychiatrists' life and work patterns: a statewide comparison of women and men1 April 2006 | American Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 138, No. 7Nursing Forum, Vol. 16, No. 3-4 Volume 130Issue 10 October 1973Pages 1136-1137 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 October 1973

Women psychiatrists in the United States.

The author presents data about the number and percentage of women in medicine, along with their motivations for entering this profession. She also gives recent data about women in psychiatry: their number, areas of specialization, work settings, hours worked a week, etc. After presenting views of the stereotype of the woman physician-psychiatrist and pointing out some of the myths that have been perpetuated, she concludes with the observation that only by working together in the spirit of mutually respectful inquiry can men and women correct the mythologic errors and enlighten one another.

Women in psychiatry: past and present areas of concern.

The APA Task Force on Women was created to study the special issues and problems of women, especially in relation to the practice of psychiatry, and the special concerns of women psychiatrists. In this paper, the author details the specific areas the task force is examining, summarizes the findings of some of the few reports in the literature, and outlines the projects the task force has undertaken.