Wireless Mobile Communication Networks Research Articles

Energy-Aware Congestion Control Technique Based on Hybrid Weight-Based Optimization Algorithm in Wireless Mobile Communication Networks

Energy-Aware Congestion Control Technique Based on Hybrid Weight-Based Optimization Algorithm in Wireless Mobile Communication Networks

A METHOD OF PROTECTING INFORMATION IN CYBER-PHYSICAL SPACE

The subject of the study is the processes of ensuring the reliability and security of information in cyber-physical space. The objective is to develop recommendations for the implementation of a method of information security in cyber-physical space. The development is based on the technology of ultra-wideband signals circulating in wireless communication channels. The task is to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the airborne wireless mobile communication network, which is the main component of cyberspace and its most vulnerable link to destructive influences. Methods used: methods of analytical modelling and time-position pulse coding. The following results were obtained. It is shown that in order to ensure high quality of wireless network operation, it is necessary to expand its bandwidth, which is limited by the physical resource of the radio frequency spectrum. It is proposed to overcome this contradiction by applying the technology of ultra-wideband signals, the base of which is much larger than one. In this case, the information signal is emitted without a carrier frequency simultaneously in the entire frequency band, provided that the signal level is lower than the noise level. The method of positional-time coding is used, in which each information bit is encoded by hundreds of ultra-short chip pulses arriving in a certain sequence. In such wireless communication systems, the use of autocorrelation reception of modulated ultra-wideband signals is proposed. A comparative analysis has shown that the wireless network with the best reliability and noise immunity is the one where the time separation of the reference and information signals is applied. During the first half of the bit interval, the switch closes the transmitter output directly to the ultra-wideband signal generator, forming a reference signal. In the middle of the bit interval, the switcher switches the output to one of two possible positions depending on the signal "zero" or "one", forming the information part of the signal. Conclusions. Systems with autocorrelation reception and separate transmission of reference and information signals provide a high level of structural

Enhancement of Online Education in Engineering College Based on Mobile Wireless Communication Networks and IOT

The field of Engineering is that which needs a high level of analytical thinking, intuitive knowledge, and technical know-how. The area of communication engineering deals with different components including, wireless mobile services, radio, broadband, web and satellites. There is a rapid decline in the quality of students produced by engineering faculties as a result of sufficient and quality methods and frameworks of student assessment. The production of high-potential engineers is limited by the utilization of old and traditional education methodology and frameworks. The student presentation estimation system in engineering institution is a motionless manual. Usually, the assessment of student’s performance using the traditional system is limited to the use of students’ performance scores, while failing to evaluate their performance based on activities or practical applications. In addition, such systems do not take cognizance of individual knowledge of students that connects to different activities within the learning environment. Recently, engineering institutions have started paying attention to evaluation solutions that are based on wireless networks and Internet of Things (IoT). Therefore, in this study, an automated system has been proposed for the assessment of engineering students. The proposed system is designed based on IoT and wireless communication networks with the aim of improving the process of virtual education. The data used in this study has been collected through the use of different IoT sensors within the premises of the college, and pre-processed using normalization. After the data was pre-processed, it was stored in cloud. In order to enable the classification of student’s activity, an Adaptive Layered Bayesian Belief Network (AL-BBN) classifier is proposed in this work. The student’s scores have been calculated using fuzzy logic, while Multi-Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (MGBDT) was proposed for decision making. The use of python simulation tool is employed in the implementation of the proposed system, and the evaluation of the performance benchmarks was done as well. Based on the findings of the study, the proposed conceptual model outperformed the existing ones in terms of improving the process of online learning.

A Broadband 1-Bit Single-Layer Reconfigurable Reflectarray Unit Cell Based on PIN Diode Model

Microstrip reconfigurable reflectarray antennas (RRAs) have great potential for advanced systems including satellite communications and the 6th generation (6G) wireless mobile communication networks. However, as a type of microstrip antennas, RRAs generally exhibit an intrinsic issue of narrow bandwidths. This issue is further deteriorated by complicated structures for phase shifting and DC supplying in RRAs. PIN diodes have been used in recent works to control the phases of RRA elements. However, modelling them is still costly and time consuming. In this work, a simple but novel method for modelling PIN diode SMP-1340-040 is developed by using waveguides and modified simulation approaches. Based on the obtained model, a broadband 1-bit unit cell using only one substrate is also proposed, and it achieves a simulated bandwidth of 40.6% and 33.8% for linear and circular polarizations, respectively. The experimental results show an excellent agreement with the simulation, which confirms the accuracy of the proposed PIN diode model. Moreover, the performances of the unit cell demonstrate that it can be used for designing RRAs in bands X and Ku.

Analysis of Fair-NOMA Power Allocation: a Comparative Study Between NOMA and OMA Systems

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) system has been very interesting technique recommended for the fifth generation (5G) of wireless mobile communication networks. The strategy of a suitable multiple access technique is one of the most important aspects in improving the system capacity. Multiple access techniques can broadly be categorized into two different approaches, namely: OMA and NOMA. In this paper a downlink communication system composed of a base station and M users where each one is equipped with a single antenna is considered, and multiple users system are characterized by multipath communication known as Rayleigh fading channel which can be described by a complex fading channel coefficient. It is well known that NOMA fairness feature implies that, with NOMA approach, near and far mobile users from a base station are able to achieve at least the possible information capacity similarly to OMA users. Fair-NOMA is described by fairness index (F) and a power allocation coefficient (a) limiting the fairness region R bounded by extreme values amin and amax, this fairness index is given as a function of NOMA power allocation coefficient, SNR ratio and channel gains of NOMA users. Maximum fairness index is obtained for a power allocation coefficient belonging to the fairness region, which is large for weak SNR ratios, and slight for high levels. In addition, the calculation of NOMA and OMA ergodic capacities at fairness bounds, indicates that NOMA approach always outperforms OMA one. Further, fairness index evolution is considered in function of channel gains, power allocation coefficients and SNR ratio levels, giving as result, optimal fairness can be reached by a judicious power allocation to the furthest user from the base station.

Application of wireless mobile communication technology in nursing and pharma profession

At present, the commonly used remote physiological information monitoring method in the field of nursing is limited in application, and has poor real-time performance and anti-interference ability. Therefore, through the research of remote monitoring method based on wireless mobile communication, the application of wireless mobile communication technology in nursing professional field was explored. Using ZigBee technology to build a wireless mobile communication network architecture, through which the ECG data analysis and diagnosis of patient monitoring terminal are transmitted. Using TDOA ranging technology to quickly locate the position of patients, so as to ensure the medical effect. Compared with the traditional remote monitoring method, the wireless mobile communication technology has the advantages of fast response, stable monitoring and high sensitivity.

Evaluation Method of English Learning Engagement Based on Wireless Communication Network and Big Data

The existing English learning engagement assessment methods still have some deficiencies, which cannot predict students’ interest in English learning, and the teaching effect is not good enough, resulting in the improvement of students’ performance which is not obvious. Therefore, an English learning engagement assessment method based on wireless communication network and big data is proposed. Firstly, build a mobile wireless communication network model, analyze the metaphor processing and evaluation methods adopted by English learners according to big data, and realize the acquisition and interpretation of metaphor meaning through three steps: the establishment of metaphor knowledge base, the analysis and description of metaphor language, and the classification and recognition of metaphor; build an evaluation framework based on wireless communication network and big data, propose a Java application platform for English learning engagement evaluation, and realize the English learning engagement evaluation method. The experimental research shows that the evaluation method has good stability, short evaluation time, and high efficiency and has practical application effect.

Cooperative Friendly Jamming Techniques for Drone-Based Mobile Secure Zone.

Threats of eavesdropping and information leakages have increased sharply owing to advancements in wireless communication technology. In particular, the Internet of Things (IoT) has become vulnerable to sniffing or jamming attacks because broadcast communication is usually conducted in open-network environments. Although improved security protocols have been proposed to overcome the limitations of wireless-communication technology and to secure safe communication channels, they are difficult to apply to mobile communication networks and IoT because complex hardware is required. Hence, a novel security model with a lighter weight and greater mobility is needed. In this paper, we propose a security model applying cooperative friendly jamming using artificial noise and drone mobility, which are autonomous moving objects, and we demonstrate the prevention of eavesdropping and improved security through simulations and field tests. The Cooperative Friendly Jamming Techniques for Drone-based Mobile Secure Zone (CFJ-DMZ) can set a secure zone in a target area to support a safe wireless mobile communication network through friendly jamming, which can effectively reduce eavesdropping threats. According to the experimental results, the average information leakage rate of the eavesdroppers in CFJ-DMZ-applied scenarios was less than or equal to 3%, an average improvement of 92% over conventional methods.

Optimized Reception Sensitivity of WBAN Sensors Exploiting Network Coding and Modulation Techniques in an Advanced NB-IoT

The sensitivity of the maximum useable data is the most significant characteristic that describes the quality of the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) of Medical sensors (MS) receivers. It becomes the most important performance factor in mobile wireless communication networks, particularly wireless body area networks (WBAN). Our interest is in level sensitivity using modulation techniques and subcarrier spacing(SS) to achieve good Bit Error Rate (BER) performance, throughput, and power efficiencies for WBAN communication Systems in an advanced NB-IoT. We propose an efficient coding technique using Linear Network Coding (LNC) to improve sensitivity by considering several factors without affecting the human body. We also present an experimentally analyzed overview of the reception sensibility. Our research has revealed that the receiver sensitivity (minimum detectable signal level) and throughput of the proposed approach (PA) are much better than the conventional approach (CA), achieving more than 14.3% and 55%, respectively, compared to the CA. Also, the PA has improved the modulation types by approximately 45% to provide more throughput and reliability.

A heap strategy for UAV deployment issues under mobile terrestrial wireless communication networks

Unmanned on-board mobile base stations (MBSs) can more effectively solve wireless connectivity problems in terrestrial communication networks without fixed infrastructure. The purpose of this article is to minimize the number of MBS required to provide wireless coverage for a set of distributed ground terminals (GTs). Traditional clustering algorithms are no longer applicable because each drone has a different coverage area size and the traditional K-Means clustering algorithm has no limit on the number of heaps that can exceed the maximum coverage area of a single drone, making it impossible for a drone to provide services. In response to this problem, the traditional K-Means clustering algorithm is optimized, and the results of the optimized K-Means clustering algorithm are stacked to ensure that each pile has the corresponding drone capability to serve it.

Moving Ad Hoc Networks—A Comparative Study

An ad hoc network is a wireless mobile communication network composed of a group of mobile nodes with wireless transceivers. It does not rely on preset infrastructure and is established temporarily. The mobile nodes of the network use their own wireless transceivers to exchange information; when the information is not within the communication range, other intermediate nodes can be used to relay to achieve communication. They can be widely used in environments that cannot be supported by wired networks or which require communication temporarily, such as military applications, sensor networks, rescue and disaster relief, and emergency response. In MANET, each node acts as a host and as a router, and the nodes are linked through wireless channels in the network. One of the scenarios of MANET is VANET; VANET is supported by several types of fixed infrastructure. Due to its limitations, this infrastructure can support some VANET services and provide fixed network access. FANET is a subset of VANET. SANET is one of the common types of ad hoc networks. This paper could serve as a guide and reference so that readers have a comprehensive and general understanding of wireless ad hoc networks and their routing protocols at a macro level with a lot of good, related papers for reference. However, this is the first paper that discusses the popular types of ad hoc networks along with comparisons and simulation tools for Ad Hoc Networks.

Anonymous Authentication and Key Agreement Scheme Combining the Group Key for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a multihop mobile wireless communication network that can realize many vehicle-related applications through multitop communication. In the open wireless communication environment, security and privacy protection are important contents of VANET research. The most basic method of VANET privacy protection is anonymous authentication. Even through, there are many existing schemes to provide anonymous authentication for VANETs. Many existing schemes suffer from high computational cost by using bilinear pairing operation or need the assistance of the trust authorities (TAs) during the authentication process or rely on an ideal tamper-proof device (TPD), which requires very strong security assumption. In this study, an anonymous authentication and key negotiation scheme by using private key and group key is proposed, which is based on pseudonym using the nonsingular elliptic curve. In this scheme, there is no third party trust center to participate in the authentication, there is no need to query the database, and there is no need of the local database to save the identity information of many vehicles, which reduce the storage space and the authentication time compared with other schemes. The proposed scheme only needs realistic TPDs. In the proposed scheme, TPDs do not need to preinstall the system key as many other schemes do; hence, the failure of a single TPD does not affect the security of the entire system. The security of the scheme is proved under the random oracle model. Compared with the related schemes using bilinear pairings, the computational cost and communication cost of the proposed scheme are reduced by 82% and 50%, respectively.

Performance of mobile networks under composite [formula omitted] fading channels

In this paper, the performance of a mobile wireless communication network operating over the Fisher-Snedecor F composite fading channel is analyzed. Specifically, a multi-antenna base station transmits information to a single-antenna mobile receiver, which employs the maximal-ratio transmission technique to improve the quality of the received signal. The well-known random waypoint mobility model is assumed to characterize the mobility of the receiver. Under this mobility scenario, we derive exact closed-form expressions for the probability density function, cumulative distribution function, and consequently for the Outage Probability (OP), the average Bit Error Rate (BER) for different digital modulation schemes, and the average channel capacity. To shed light into the impact of different channel parameters, simple asymptotic expressions at the high SNR regime are obtained for the OP and average BER. To validate our analytical expressions, the comprehensive Monte-Carlo simulations are conducted under various configurations and both results are in excellent agreement.

Provably Secure Client‐Server Key Management Scheme in 5G Networks

The increasing demand for real‐time data transmission in wireless mobile communication networks has promoted the maturity of mobile communication technology. Fifth‐generation (5G) mobile communication technology is combined with cloud computing, high‐frequency signal transmission, and other technologies and perfectly fits with the client‐server architecture. 5G has been applied in many fields, such as the interconnection of smart devices, virtual reality, and cloud‐based life. To provide the security and availability of the required services, we proposed a key management scheme based on the multiserver architecture of the client‐server mode in 5G networks, which uses bilinear pairings and elliptic curve cryptography. Through informal security analysis and formal analysis (under the random oracle model and ProVerif tool), we demonstrated that the proposed scheme can complete mutual authentication and resist common network attacks. Furthermore, after the performance analysis of our scheme and other related schemes, it was found that this scheme has relatively low communication and computation costs and better security performance.

Remote Health Care based on mobile wireless communication Networks

ABSTRACT Biomedical application has been an important component in the use of contemporary data and communication methods for health care. Over time, wireless networking technology has increasingly penetrated and made its way into all components of our everyday life. An area for encouraging the future of wireless networking is medical implementation. Through transmitting their status to nurses in real time, a patient who is remotely placed may be remotely handled. Physiological parameters such as body temperature, degree of oxygen saturation, heart rate, amount of blood sugar, blood pressure, etc. were primarily generated to observe e-healthcare devices. However with the advancement of wireless technology, there have been a range of variations in e-healthcare systems and improvements. Tele-biomedical wireless network apps such as telemedicine for mobile communications are a distant medical activity that allows different individuals to collaborate and facilitate their collective activities through IT and telecommunications to diagnose or treat disease. Remote computers are medication servers and databases that help interpret and handle critical evidence and provide patients with adequate service in real-time. Medicinal goods are a general idea to inform and link customers to preventive medical care using and linking to mobile telephones and other networks. The framework incorporates applications for the transmission of patient data from an Android application, based on market sensitivity for social media schemes such as a child vaccine tracking software app which could be adaptable with biometric instruments such as thermometers, glucometers, and densitoms to other diseases, such as higher BP, diabetes, and fever. REFERENCES [1] David L. King, William E. Boyson, and Jay A. Kratochvil. Analysis of factors influencing the annual energy production of photovoltaic systems. In Conference Record of the IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, pages 1356–1361, 2002. [2] C.W.J. Van Koppen. New renewable energy resources: A guide to the future. Solar Energy, 55(1):73–74, 1995. [3] Haidar Samet, Dariush Keihan Asl, Teymoor Ghanbari, and Alaa Hamza Omran. Optimal Number and Location of the Required Measurment Units for Fault Detection of PV Arrays. In Proceedings - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe, EEEIC/I and CPS Europe 2018, 2018. [4] Alaa Hamza Omran, Yaser M. Abid, Ahmed Sabah Ahmed, Huda Kadhim, and Ruqaia Jwad. Maximizing the power of solar cells by using intelligent solar tracking system based on FPGA. In 2018 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2018, pages 1–5, 2018. [5] Phanishwar Nath Shukla and Anula Khare. Solar Photovoltaic Energy: The State-of-Art. Technical Report 2, 2014. [6] E. Despotou, A. E. Gammal, and B. Fontaine. Global market outlook for photovoltaics until 2014. Brussels, Belgium: European Photovoltaic Industrial Association, 2010. [7] Alaa Hamza Omran. Minimizing the loses of solar power generation by designing an intelligent tracking system implemented on FPGA. International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES), 6(3):169, 2018. [8] Pathomthat Chiradeja and R. Ramakumar. An approach to quantify the technical benefits of distributed generation. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 19(4):764–773, 2004. [9] Milind E. Rane and Umesh S Bhadade. Comparative Study of ROI Extraction of Palmprint. IJCSN International Journal of Computer Science and Network, 5(2), 2016

Design on smart water meter system based on Cloud Computing

The smart water meter based on cloud computing is a new instrument that uses modern sensor technology, communication technology and modern microelectronics technology to measure water volume, transfer water data and settle transactions. The traditional water meter only has the function of flow collection and pointer mechanical display of water consumption. Compared with traditional water meter, smart water meter has great progress. With the development of wireless transmission technology and mobile communication network, remote water meter technology begins to develop rapidly.

Wireless Communication Physical Layer Sensing Antenna Array Construction and Information Security Analysis

Due to the complexity of wireless communication networks and the open nature of wireless links, complex upper layer network encryption cryptographic algorithms are also difficult to implement effectively in complex mobile wireless communication and interconnection networks, and traditional cryptography‐based security policies are gradually not well able to meet the security management needs of today’s mobile Internet information era. In this paper, the physical characteristics of the channel in the wireless channel are extracted and used to generate keys, and then, the keys are negotiated so that the keys generated by the two communicating parties are identical. Then, the generated keys are used by the communicating parties to design the interleaving matrix for encryption of the message. The false bit rate of the system is investigated for the case of an interleaving matrix generated using different quantization methods of keys. The problem of characterizing the encoding and encryption techniques for interleaving keys for the physical layer sensing antenna arrays of wireless channels is studied in depth. The physical layer wireless channel interleaving technique and the wireless channel physical layer encryption technique are organically combined, and a joint interleaving encryption method based on the physical layer key of the wireless channel is designed and used to encrypt and randomize the physical layer data information of the OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system, which improves the security and reliability of the wireless channel information transmission. The effect of physical layer keys under different physical layer quantization methods on the performance of the wireless channel interleaving encryption algorithm is studied, and the quantization methods of pure amplitude, pure phase, and joint amplitude phase are investigated for the characteristics of wireless physical layer channels.

Support Vector Regression Method for Regional Economic Mid‐ and Long‐Term Predictions Based on Wireless Network Communication

In recent years, wireless sensor network technology has continued to develop, and it has become one of the research hotspots in the information field. People have higher and higher requirements for the communication rate and network coverage of the communication network, which also makes the problems of limited wireless mobile communication network coverage and insufficient wireless resource utilization efficiency become increasingly prominent. This article is aimed at studying a support vector regression method for long‐term prediction in the context of wireless network communication and applying the method to regional economy. This article uses the contrast experiment method and the space occupancy rate algorithm, combined with the vector regression algorithm of machine learning. Research on the laws of machine learning under the premise of less sample data solves the problem of the lack of a unified framework that can be referred to in machine learning with limited samples. The experimental results show that the distance between AP1 and AP2 is 0.4 m, and the distance between AP2 and Client2 is 0.6 m. When BPSK is used for OFDM modulation, 2500 MHz is used as the USRP center frequency, and 0.5 MHz is used as the USRP bandwidth; AP1 can send data packets. The length is 100 bytes, the number of sent data packets is 100, the gain of Client2 is 0‐38, the receiving gain of AP2 is 0, and the receiving gain of AP1 is 19. The support vector regression method based on wireless network communication for regional economic mid‐ and long‐term predictions was completed well.

JSCC-UFMC and Large MIMO Technology for High Data Rate Wireless Communication

To reduce the system complexity, cost, and overall processing time, the adoption of joint source-channel coding (JSCC) has been found to be popular. Among several options, universal filtered multi-carrier (UFMC) is regarded as the dominant contender and alternative to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for upcoming wireless mobile communication networks. UFMC provides increased spectral efficiency, less peak to average power ratio (PAPR), and lower bit error rate (BER) with the removal of the cyclic prefix (CP) and grouping of subcarriers. Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology is known to improve the capacity and throughput significantly of wireless systems. In this paper, the authors analyze the performance of UFMC techniques with Kaiser filter and Dolph-Chebyshev filter combined with JSCC in 32x32 large MIMO set-up, which provides better PAPR, power spectral density (PSD), less BER with increased channel capacity. The experimental aspects have been discussed and the results are derived using simulation mimicking near real-life situations.

Energy Efficient Linear and Non-Linear Precoders for Massive MIMO Systems

The term Massive MIMO means, Massive multiple input multiple output also known as (large-scale antenna system, very large MIMO). Massive Multiple-Input-MultipleOutput (MIMO) is the major key technique for the future Fifth Generation (5G) of mobile wireless communication network due to its characteristics, elements and advantages. Massive MIMO will be comprised of five major elements; antennas, electronic components, network architectures, protocols and signal processing. We realize that precoding technique is a processing technique that utilizes Channel State Information Technique (CSIT) by operating on the signals before transmitting them. This technique varies base on the type of CSIT and performance criterion. Precoding technique is the last digital processing block at the transmitting side. In this paper, linear and non-linear Precoding technique was reviewed and we proposed two techniques under each that is Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE), Block Diagonalization (BD), Tomlinson-Harashima (TH) and Dirty paper coding (DPC). Four Precoding techniques: MMSE, BD, DPC and TH were used in the studies to power consumption, energy efficiency and area throughput for single-cell and multi-cell scenarios. In comparing the proposed techniques, in terms of energy efficiency and area throughput, reuse factor (Reuse 4) performs better than other techniques when there is an imperfect CSI is used