Welfare Of Others Research Articles

Understanding the Psychology of Altruism

Altruism, defined as selfless concern for the well-being of others, is a phenomenon that has intrigued scholars across disciplines for centuries. This paper explores the psychology of altruism through historical, theoretical, and empirical lenses. It examines its philosophical roots, evolutionary significance, and cultural variations while analyzing key psychological mechanisms that drive altruistic behavior. Factors such as empathy, situational influences, and mental health connections are explored to provide a comprehensive understanding of why people engage in self-sacrificial acts. The role of altruism in crisis situations, its challenges, and notable case studies further highlight the complexity of this behavior. By synthesizing existing literature, this study seeks to offer a nuanced perspective on the motivations and consequences of altruistic actions, emphasizing their significance in fostering social cohesion and well-being. Keywords: Altruism, empathy, prosocial behavior, evolutionary psychology, cultural influences, mental health, crisis response, social cohesion.

"My Rendition of Arthur Lismer's Isle of Spruce," "Jackpine," "Goldfinch," "Cardinal," "Blue Jay"

I am a senior student at the University of Saskatchewan majoring in Psychology. I continue to take history classes and have a love of education. I have always enjoyed painting and have been involved in art since high school. I have submitted my art to various Facebook pages, including the USask Community Art Group as well as SWAA (Saskatchewan Wildlife Artists Association), and have participated in their shows in Prairieland Park, Reflections in Nature and the Fall Saskatoon Exhibition. I have also been involved in VASU Silence Gallery Shows and the 292 Exhibitions of the student-run gallery on campus. I also greatly enjoy participating with the students in in medias res magazine. I have quite a few paintings on display at a local clinical practice. I also contribute to worthwhile charities throughout the city and have paintings displayed in many local businesses and institutions. I have a painting on display at the university's observatory, the Ukrainian Studies Department, and Student Wellness. For me, my art is my contribution to the well-being of others. I have a philanthropy project, which has been a personal journey involving painting for worthwhile charities. I feel that my cheery, bright acrylic paintings provide happiness and goodwill to others. As a child, I was raised by parents who cultivated a sense of hospitality, which has led me down this pathway.

The effect of empathy and callous-unemotional traits on externalizing behavior in juvenile offenders: The mediating role of moral disengagement.

Recent research suggests that externalizing behaviors may influence the severity of delinquent behavior and may also be associated with low affective empathy and sensitivity to the well-being of others, as well as a decreased ability to recognize the emotions of others and to experience reciprocal psychological distress. This study examines the effects of empathy and callous unemotional traits-and the mediating role of moral disengagement-in explaining externalizing behavior in juvenile offenders. The study was observational-analytic, correlational-exploratory, and involved 376 juvenile offenders (M = 17.36 years, SD = 1.445) who were sanctioned with a custodial measure. Results indicated that empathy, callous-unemotional traits, and moral disengagement had significant associations and differential effects on externalizing behavior. In addition, moral disengagement was identified as a psychological mechanism mediating the effects of empathy and callous-unemotional traits on externalizing behavior, and the age invariance of the mediation model was determined. These findings provide valuable information for specific interventions aimed at reducing externalizing behaviors in juvenile offenders and highlight the importance of the fundamental mediating role of moral disengagement in the relationship between emotional factors and antisocial behavior.

COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Among the Diabetic Population in the Northwestern Region of Romania: Insights From an Autofill Survey.

Introduction The global experience of COVID-19 has highlighted the underestimated importance of vaccination as a preventive measure. Vaccine acceptance can be influenced by multiple factors, which can be significantly reduced through improved vaccination promotion strategies. This study aims to identify these factors and explore potential strategies to enhance vaccine uptake among the diabetic population. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 189 patients diagnosed with type 1 or 2 diabetes. The selected patients were from the northwestern region of Romania, the largest and most significant area for diabetes treatment. We used an adapted, pretested, self-administered questionnaire developed by the authors in collaboration with other medical professionals. Participants completed a 27-item survey covering personal sociodemographics, medical history related to diabetes, comorbidities and COVID-19, level of education, religion, ethnicity, type of COVID-19 vaccine administered, and attitude toward COVID-19 vaccination, including acceptance and hesitancy. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed, with results presented as percentages and associations. The difference between groups that accepted or refused vaccination was examined using the Chi-square test, with a p-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant. If the results were statistically significant, the odds ratio (OR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval. Results The participants were 96 (50.8%) females and 93 (49.2%) males. Mostpatients, 116 (61.4%), were between 51 and 70 years old. Moreover, 56 (29.6%) had only completed high school in terms of education level. From the medical history, 186 (98.4%) had type 2 diabetes, 162 (85.7%) were taking oral antidiabetics, 94 (49.7%) had cardiovascular diseases, and 161 (85.2%) had at least one COVID-19 infection. One hundred seventy-three patients were vaccinated against COVID-19. The most common vaccine, 143 (82.7%), was Pfizer. The principal determinant for vaccine acceptance, identified by 109 (63%) participants, was individual health and the well-being of others. For those who did not choose to get vaccinated, fear of side effects (7; 43.8%) was the main reason. Regarding the administration of a third dose, the main reason for vaccine hesitancy is overcome by personal perception (22; 20.6%), while that for vaccine acceptance remains the same, i.e., individual health and the well-being of others (56; 84.8%). Vaccine acceptance had a statistically significant relationship with variables like marital status, age, orthodox religion, ethnicity, occupation, and education. Conclusions Variables such as marital status, religion, and age can positively influence vaccination uptake. Comprehensive education on preventive medicine, starting from an early age and integrated within the healthcare system, is essential for fostering understanding and acceptance of vaccination.

How Sustainability Accounting Emphasis Can Help Improve Perceptions of Accounting Careers and Grow the Accounting Pipeline

SUMMARY This article summarizes recent research by Horne, Loftus, McCoy, and Winn (2024), who show that Generation Z business students become more interested in working as accountants after viewing a job description for sustainability assurance (relative to viewing typical financial assurance positions). The authors find that this interest is driven by students’ social preferences. Specifically, prosocial students, who emphasize the welfare of others, are more attracted to sustainability accounting positions because these positions align with their values, rather than proself students, who are motivated by self-interest. These findings suggest that sustainability emphasis and prosocial values can play a role in attracting, recruiting, and retaining future generations of accountants. JEL Classifications: M4; M40; M41; M42; M48; M49.

미국 국가건강교육기준 변화 고찰

Objectives This study aimed to provide basic resources for school health policy and health education in Korea by examining the changes in the US National Health Education Standards. Methods This study was conducted using document analysis, a qualitative research method, in the following order: : materials preparation, data extraction, data analysis, and research results distillation. In order to increase the validity of the collected materials, the criteria of authenticity, credibility, and representativeness was used. Finally, the selected materials was analyzed using the DA method including (1) content analysis, (2) contextual analysis, (3) comparative analysis, and (4) thematic analysis. Results The US National Health Education Standards has changed to the visions of ‘Achieving Health Literacy’ in the first stage, ‘Achieving Excellence’ in the second stage, and ‘Moving Toward Health and Well-Being’ in the third stage. The 3rd National Health Education Standards, revised in 2024, introduces a Salutogenesis perspective to develop a new health education paradigm, expands the scope from the health of an individual to the health and well-being of an individual and others, emphasizes skill-based health education, and emphasizes health literacy as a competency. Conclusions The analysis of the changes in the US National Health Education Standards raises the need for a comprehensive review of the direction, goals, and contents of health education in Korea. First, student health urgently needs a shift towards an integrated approach. Second, health education should focus on health, not disease. Third, the purpose and scope of health education should be expanded beyond the health of individuals to the health and well-being of others and the community. Fourth, it is necessary to establish the Korean national health education standards that reflects the contemporary and national demands for student health and takes into account the actual conditions of the educational field. Fifth, it is necessary to set health literacy reflecting the perspective of Salutogenesis as the main goal of health education. Finally, there is a need for active follow-up research on national health education standards that reflects the recent changes in the concept of health and the current state of student health and school health education in Korea.

Peningkatan Gaya Hidup Bersih dan Sehat Melalui Bakti Sosial dan Sosialisasi di Panti Asuhan Dharma Jati Klungkung

Social service and outreach activities carried out by the Hospital Administration Student Association (HIMARS) of Bali International University are one part of the work program. In this activity, HIMARS distributed packages of necessities to children in orphanages as a form of concern for the welfare of others. To ensure continuity, HIMARS has designated this activity as a routine part of the work program carried out every year. Social service and outreach activities at the Dharma Jati Klungkung Orphanage are carried out with the aim of increasing the knowledge and understanding of orphanage children regarding PHBS and increasing caring attitudes towards fellow citizens, as well as a routine program from HIMARS. The social service and outreach method used is by coming directly to the orphanage to hand over packages of needs and providing outreach material about PHBS, hand washing practices and cough and sneeze etiquette. Based on the results of surveys and evaluations using pretest and posttest methods, there was a significant increase in children's knowledge about PHBS, from an average score of 70 in the pretest to 90 in the posttest. This shows that health education programs carried out intensively and participatively can bring positive changes in the healthy living habits of children in orphanages.

Exploring the role of spiritual leadership among nurse colleagues: an associative analysis of its impact on passion and altruism

BackgroundSpiritual leadership emphasizes that nurses encounter situations that require compassion, empathy, and a deep understanding of the human experience. Passion can drive nurses' motivation, engagement, and commitment to patient care. Altruism is a core value in nursing that involves selfless concern for the well-being of others. Spiritual leadership might be an essential organizational resource in enhancing followers’ inspiring vision, compassion for others, and passion for their work.Aim of the studyTo investigate the role of spiritual leadership in the relationship between altruism and passion for work among nurse colleagues.Subjects & methodA multicenter descriptive, cross-sectional research study was conducted at six Nursing Egyptian faculties affiliated with Alexandria, Port-Said, Fayoum, Damanhur, Assiut, and Sohag Universities, with 391 nurse colleagues.Data collection toolsPersonal and Job-related Data Questionnaire, Spiritual Leadership Questionnaire (SLQ), Passion Scale, and 9- Self-Report Altruism Scale (9- SRA) were utilized to collect data.ResultsThe current study verified that nurse colleagues had high levels of perceived spiritual leadership, passion, and altruism (50.9, 47.6, and 40.2, respectively). The results revealed noteworthy positive correlations between spiritual leadership, passion, and altruism (r = 0.644, 0.519, & 0.509). Furthermore, mediation analysis highlighted that spiritual leadership could mediate the effect of altruism on the passion level.ConclusionThis study delivers valued insights into the crucial role of spiritual leadership in augmenting nurse colleagues’ altruistic tendencies and passion.RecommendationsCultivating workplace spirituality on a daily agenda is a key component of management that requires spiritual competencies from nurse leaders. These competencies ultimately enhance passion for work, performance, and altruistic behaviors.

Moral Reasoning And Human Psychology: Exploring The Cognitive, Behavioural, Personality, Emotions &amp; Biological Underpinnings Of Ethical Choices

The complex interactions between cognitive functions, emotions, personality traits, sociocultural factors, neurobiology, and psychopathology provide the psychological foundation of moral judgments. This study attempts to explore the ways in which these many facets of the human psyche mould and impact moral judgments. Emotions like guilt and empathy influence moral decisions, but cognitive processes such as logic and intuition are also important for navigating moral quandaries. These mental processes assist individuals in weighing options, considering consequences, and arriving at ethically sound decisions, frequently guiding them when emotions alone may lead to impulsive or unreasonable conclusions. Conscientiousness and agreeableness are two important personality qualities that influence moral decisions. Conscientious people act with responsibility and honesty, frequently upholding moral standards. Agreeable people, motivated by empathy and collaboration, are more inclined to think about the well-being of others while making ethical decisions. Together, these characteristics assist to shape one’s ethical predispositions, encouraging prosocial and moral behaviour. Moral norms emerge within unique socio-cultural contexts, reflecting the values, beliefs, and traditions of a particular culture. These cultural factors alter what is considered right or wrong, resulting in varying moral judgments across various communities. Practices that are moral in one culture may be judged differently in another, illustrating the fluidity and relativity of ethical norms as they change to historical, religious, and sociological contexts. This variation highlights the complexities of morality around the globe. Neuroscience research has discovered distinct neural pathways and brain regions involved in moral cognition, providing insight into the biological foundation of moral judgments. Various parts of the brain, which are associated with emotional processing, play important roles. These findings indicate that moral decisions are not only philosophical or cultural, but also biological in nature, incorporating both cognitive and emotional brain activities. This research aims to provide light on the intricate structure of moral judgement and its implications for ethical theories by looking at these interconnected parts. Comprehending the psychological foundations of morality can enhance theoretical frameworks and offer valuable perspectives for enhancing moral education and promoting ethical conduct in diverse social contexts. In order to promote a more complex understanding of human morality, this thorough analysis aims to close the gap between psychological science and ethical philosophy.

Attitude, Knowledge, and Willingness to Donate Blood Among Health Professional Students in Northern Uganda.

Blood transfusion is an essential component of healthcare systems, and blood donors play a critical role in saving lives and enhancing the well-being of others. This study explored blood donation practices among health profession students in northern Uganda. We conducted an institutional-based, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach from November 2023 to July 2024 across five healthcare institutions in Gulu. Attitude toward blood donation was assessed with seven questions, each scored from 0 (negative) to 2 (positive), yielding a total score per participant ranging from 0 to 28. The mean of these total scores across all 408 participants was calculated, with a mean total score of ≥5.0 indicating a positive group attitude, reflecting moderate favorability on average. Knowledge of blood donation practices was evaluated with 16 questions, each scored from 0 (incorrect) to 4 (fully correct), yielding a total score per participant ranging from 0 to 64. The mean of these total scores across all 408 participants was computed, with a mean total score of ≥12.0 signifying adequate group knowledge, representing a basic proficiency level. Willingness to donate blood was determined by a single question, with a "YES" response indicating willingness. Data were cleaned and analyzed using STATA 18.0, with descriptive statistics presented in tables. This study was approved by the Gulu University Research and Ethics Committee (GUREC-2023-619) on 11/11/2023. A total of 408 participants were recruited, with a median age of 23 years (IQR: 21-24). Half of the participants identified as male, comprising 56.4% (n=230). Most participants demonstrated adequate knowledge about blood donation 73% (n=298). The overall positive attitude towards blood donation was 93.6% (n=382). Nearly all participants considered donating blood (99.0%, n=404), and 83.8% (n=342) expressed a willingness to donate blood in the future. However, only 48.8% (n=199) of respondents reported having donated blood in the past. While health profession students in northern Uganda exhibit adequate knowledge and positive attitudes towards blood donation, actual blood donation practices remain suboptimal. These findings highlight the need for interventions to translate knowledge and attitudes into consistent donation practices among this population.

Konsep Eros Dan Agape Dalam Kehidupan Manusia Menurut Anders Nygren

Eros, as love associated with self-desire and self-gratification, contrasts with Agape, which is genuine love prioritizing the welfare of others above oneself. This article employs a literary analysis method to explore how these two concepts influence and interact within the dynamics of human relationships, both spiritually and interpersonally. The findings indicate that a profound understanding of Eros and Agape can enrich and deepen the meaning of authentic human relationships, offering a fresh perspective on how love can transform and affirm human dignity in the context of relationships with others and with God. Insights from Eros and Agape contribute to expanding our understanding of love in human life and its relevance in broader social and spiritual contexts

Non-Identity Problem: Impersonal Total Principle and Population Implications

Some philosophers have argued that the Impersonal Total Principle can resolve the Non-Identity Problem by stipulating that the act under scrutiny is considered wrong when it fails to maximize utility. This perspective has faced criticism for (1) implying an excessively stringent moral requirement and (2) leading to the Repugnant Conclusion. In this paper, I present the following arguments: (a) the welfare of potential individuals holds equal significance to that of actual individuals, (b) in addition to mitigating suffering, the well-being of individuals also carries importance. Our duty to improve the well-being of others is weak rather than strong, thus indicating that the Impersonal Total Principle does not entail an overly strict moral requirement. Furthermore, I maintain that either the Impersonal Total Principle cannot lead to the Repugnant Conclusion, or the conclusion itself, which appears "repugnant," is not truly repugnant. Considering my analysis, I propose the adoption of a resource-conserving lifestyle to contribute to a sustainable future for potential beings.

Bystanders of Bullying: What Motivates Students to Intervene or Stay on the Sidelines

The article examines the reasons for witnesses’ (non)intervention in defending victims of school bullying. We explore the phenomenon of moral disengagement among 8th-10th grade students from two schools in Saint-Petersburg.A thematic analysis of 42 interviews revealed that non-intervention is often accompanied by fear, indifference, and the belief that bullying is deserved. Fear of worsening their position in the group hierarchy and the anxiety of becoming the next victim of bullying act as deterrents, leading students to remain passive bystanders. Indifference is often explained by a focus on personal problems and distancing from the challenges of others. Blaming the victims makes intervention a socially undesirable action. Intervention and support for victims are motivated by friendship with the victim, a sense of moral responsibility for the well-being of others, and personal experiences of having been bullied.The study’s findings are important for developing anti-bullying programs and creating a supportive school environment. Addressing the causes of non-intervention can help teach students to be socially responsible for their own behavior and the behavior of those around them.

Роль волонтерской деятельности в формировании гражданского самосознания студентов

In the modern context of globalization, digitalization and social change, the formation of civic consciousness among young people is becoming a strategic task on which the future of the state depends. Young people with a high level of civic responsibility and legal awareness can become the engine of positive changes in society, strengthen state institutions and ensure sustainable development of the country. This is especially relevant in the era of global challenges and changes, when sustainability, unity and active participation of citizens in the life of their state are required. The aim of the work was a holistic study of the role of volunteer activities in the formation of civic consciousness of students. To achieve this goal, theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, modeling) were used to identify theoretical approaches and ideas that were developed within the framework of this topic, analyze works devoted to volunteering, civic consciousness, social responsibility and reveal the influence of volunteer activities on the personal development of students. The study found that participation in volunteer activities ensures the formation of the main components of civic consciousness of students, namely: legal literacy; a sense of social responsibility, empathy and respect for other people; fair treatment of everyone; communication skills, the ability to work in a team, take into account the opinions of others and see the value of collective efforts; patriotism and commitment to social values. Volunteer activities contribute to the development of mature civic consciousness, preparing students for the role of active, responsible and socially oriented citizens who are ready to consciously participate in the life of society, strengthen it and care for the welfare of others.

Psychological Perspectives on Pro-environmental Behaviour

Values serve as guiding principles and are typically viewed as determinants of beliefs and behaviour. In the current study we explored the relationships between basic human values, ecological beliefs, and pro-environmental behavior. The present study is oriented towards investigating the connections between basic human values, ecological beliefs and pro-ecological behaviour. The study was conducted on a sample of 551 respondents – Bulgarians, between 13 and 90 years old (X=27.38; SD=13.34). For the purpose of the study, questionnaires were used to measure value orientations, attitudes towards climate change and pro-ecological behaviours. The results indicated that value orientations focusing on concern for the well-being of others and nature, as well as on preserving traditions, social order, and security, were associated with ecological beliefs and pro-environmental behaviours. We also found that males had significantly higher levels of denial beliefs of climate change, while females had higher levels of solastalgia and perceived environmental efficacy. The study contributes to a better understanding of the psychological prerequisites and motives underlying pro-environmental behavior, with the findings being applicable to the development of information campaigns and interventions aimed at promoting sustainable practices and addressing climate change.

Identity, mental health, and ableism in Australian schools: findings from a multi-stakeholder survey

Ableism is a serious problem in schools across Australia and internationally. Our mixed method survey investigated who is impacted by school student experiences of ableism and how they are affected. It captured insights from students, parents, teachers, and support staff (N = 298). Data revealed participant experiences of overt, and insidious ableism were associated with poor mental health of disabled students and parents identifying as the ‘problem parent’. Participants reported concerning experiences of ableism in childhood and adolescence, a developmentally relevant period of identity building. Noted too were the adverse consequences of student experiences of ableism upon the well-being of others, including teachers and school support staff. Findings were examined in the context of extant literature highlighting the protective role generated by forming a disability identity. Study results include participant recommendations for addressing ableism and a compelling rationale for schools to actively diminish ableism and nurture disability social identity.

Exploring prosocial behaviors in times of a pandemic: Individuals’ lay perspective versus scientific measurements

AbstractHumanitarian crises like the Covid‐19 pandemic pose significant challenges to society, prompting scientific debate on whether such situations elicit more prosocial or more selfish behavior. Despite the restrictions imposed by the pandemic, current evidence indicates a continued display of various prosocial behaviors. This research aims to enhance the understanding of what constitutes prosocial behavior from both individuals’ lay and scientific perspectives. For this purpose, we analyzed lay perspectives via an open question in a representative survey (N = 446) and qualitatively categorized the reported prosocial behaviors inductively with content analysis. The qualitative content analysis revealed three clusters of prosocial behaviors: promoting the welfare of others, health‐protective measures, and supporting society. Additionally, we conducted a systematic literature review to identify the scientific perspective view (i.e., focusing on the empirical measurements) on prosocial behaviors studied during the pandemic. Although behaviors promoting the welfare of others (e.g., donations) were the most commonly studied in the literature review, participants reported more health‐protective behavior, such as hand‐washing, which was not traditionally considered to be prosocial before the pandemic. The comparison between individuals’ lay and scientific perspectives highlighted some prosocial behaviors that warrant future investigation (e.g., supporting the economy, home office).

Kabiraj Krishna Chandra Tripathy Sharma: The visionary behind Orissa’s first Ayurveda pharmacy

Abstract Kabiraj Krishna Chandra Tripathi Sharma was born on February 23, 1914, in Jagarnathpur Shasan village in the Ganjam district of Odisha, India. He belonged to a Brahmin family and was the son of Shri Maguni Pathi and grandson of Shri Lachhman Pathi. Kabiraj Sharma’s early years were characterized by his innate curiosity and insatiable thirst for knowledge, which he pursued with unwavering dedication, excelling in various academic subjects. His excellent academic performance gained him wide recognition and respect within his community. Kabiraj KC Tripathi, a distinguished scholar and practitioner of Ayurveda, started his educational journey in his village, Chatsali. He had a remarkable command over Sanskrit. He joined the famous Bhesaja Temple (Ayurveda School) at Paralakhemundi in 1929, where he began a transformative educational journey. His constant pursuit of excellence and dedication to his studies, from 1933 to 1936, resulted in attaining LAMS, Visagratna, and Kabyatirtha degrees from Astanga Ayurved College, Kolkata. He established the Ayurvedic Pharmacy and Utkal Chemical Dispensary and has played an important role in the distribution of medicines throughout Odisha and significantly contributed to the field of Ayurveda by establishing a famous book publishing house named Utkal Ayurveda Library. As a physician, he has written and published 54 invaluable Ayurvedic books in the Oriya language; some of his notable published works include “Apoorva Yoga Ratnakara,” “Ashtanga Ayurveda Chikitsa” (in seven parts), “Ayurveda Chikitsa Sangrahalaya” (Part I and II), “Sachitra Paribarika Dravyaguna,” “Charakasamhita,” “Vaidya Panjika,” and “Vatrog Chikitsa.”. Kabiraj Krishna Chandra Tripathi Sharma started his active participation in politics in 1966 and was elected as a member of the Odisha Legislative Assembly in 1971–1972. Notably, among his development-oriented initiatives, he proposed the establishment of a State-Level Pharmacy and Research Center for Ayurveda in Odisha with a budget of 12 lakh rupees to spread awareness and promote Ayurvedic practices in the region. The remarkable contribution of Kabiraj Krishna Chandra Tripathi Sharma in the field of Ayurveda and his selfless community service has been widely recognized and appreciated. He has received many prestigious awards, including the esteemed “Vaidya Shiromani” Award, “Ayurveda Ratna” Award, “Ayurveda Gaurav” Award, “Neelasaila” Award (1974) by the Neelashaila Cultural Organization Cuttack, “The Jayadava” Award (1981) Are. “Sananda” Award (1981) by the State Culture and Tourism Department of Odisha, Center for Musical Arts, Berhampur, “Vaidyakul Chandra” Award (1988) by Dhanvantari Indian Medical Development Institute Ganjam, and “KBJ Basudev Mahapatra Smriti” Award in 1993 by Kedarnath Research Organization, Bhubaneswar, and others. In 2006, Kabiraj Krishna Chandra Tripathi Sharma passed away, leaving a lasting legacy in the hearts and minds of those he served. He has left an indelible mark through his outstanding contribution to the field of Ayurveda and community service in Odisha. His selfless dedication and unwavering commitment to the wellbeing of others have inspired many, and his teachings and principles are respected by his followers and admirers, thereby benefiting the society. Key Words: Krushna Chandra, Utkal Pharmacy, Vaidya Shiromani.

Analysis of Śrī Kṛṣṇa Līlā in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa

The prime concern of this article is to unfold Śrī Kṛṣṇa Līlā who keeps on thinking the problems of others as his own problems through the Paurānic text. Śrī Kṛṣṇa Līlā unfurls in the pastoral setting of Vṛndāvana, where he delights in playful activities with the cowherd boys and shows miraculous activities. His playful activities unveils thoughtful philosophical truths, explicating the concept of dharma (righteousness), the law of karma (action), and the path of bhakti (devotion) as the means to attain moksha (salvation) and transcendental bliss. The major objectives of this study are to explore the līlās of Śrī Kṛṣṇa; to explicate the ways of Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās, and to evaluate Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa. To reveal Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlā in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa, the researcher uses līlā theory of Śrīla Sanātana Gosvāmī. The theorist claims that playful activities of Śrī Kṛṣṇa are his līlās. The study is significant to analyze Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās which are related for the wellbeing of others. The findings of this investigation endow with evidences that the text has used Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlā to motivate readers to dedicate themselves to solve the problems of others as Śrī Kṛṣṇa does in the Śrimad Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa. The conclusion drawn from this investigation is Śrī Kṛṣṇa līlās are not merely stories but hold deep spiritual significance, teaching devotees about love, devotion, and the ultimate union with the divine.

동이 신화와 한국 문화원형 정신 연구 - 『산해경』을 중심으로

This text examines the spirit of our cultural archetype through the Dongyi mythology found in the Shanhaijing (Classic of Mountains and Seas). Our ancestors, the Dongyi people, revered birds and worshipped the sun. Birds and the sun are symbols of the sky. Our ancestors believed that the sun represented the sky, and since they thought that birds carried the sun, they regarded 'bird = sun = sky.' Additionally, our ancestors, the Dongyi people, affirmed their descent from the sky through the myth of birth from eggs. The pride of being descendants of the sky led to altruism that benefits humanity and became a driving force for cultural creation. Altruism towards the community inspired challenges, even in the face of seemingly impossible tasks, and the unrelenting determination and self-sacrifice were driven by a desire for the welfare of others. In other words, the pride of being descendants of the sky was expressed through altruism.