Pain Weight Research Articles

On Aarons's Holocaust Graphic Narratives

On Aarons's Holocaust Graphic Narratives Phyllis Lassner Holocaust Graphic Narratives: Generation, Trauma, and Memory. By Victoria Aarons. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2020. 256 pp., ISBN 978-1978802551 (pb), $24.95. Victoria Aarons is a distinguished scholar of Jewish American and Holocaust literature. Her studies of third-generation writers have set the foundation for extending how we view Holocaust writing as generationally demarcated. As she has argued, situated a generation away from the more direct emotional and testimonial transmission of Holocaust memory, third-generation writers must depend on their research and archival efforts. They also rely on travel to the sites of terror and interviews with those who bear some memory, fragmented though that may be, of the conditions and experiences of those who perished and those who survived. As Aarons's work has shown, each generation of Holocaust writers acknowledges the struggle to find a language of entry and engagement, whether that of their families or those that pronounce a relational distance from Holocaust sites and losses. A compelling response to vicissitudes of linguistic adaptation and cultural transmission has been visual representation, as the proliferation of Holocaust films evinces. Most recently the effort to transmit Holocaust memory to the second and third generations has resulted in graphic narratives. In concert with a key narrative form in American culture, the comic book, Art Spiegelman's Maus was the progenitor of graphic Holocaust narratives. The [End Page 271] son of survivors, Spiegelman drew the fraught relationship between the first and second generation as an inescapable, inherited trauma that challenged the possibility of resolution. The extraordinary influence of his book is evident in the profusion of graphic memoirs and fiction by second- and third-generation writers as well as graphic memoirs by diverse authors beyond the Holocaust. Among the many significant contributions made by Aarons's study, Holocaust Graphic Narratives, it brings together an international array of graphic memoirs and fiction to offer a comprehensive, sensitive, and incisive analysis of three generations of survivor consciousness and representation. Given her areas of expertise, it is not surprising that Aarons structures this new book generationally. Establishing the book's design, her introduction posits that the "focus on individual familial experiences [serves] as a metonymic or synecdochic expression of collective suffering," which attempts "to re-create and reimagine the events that have shaped the landscape of a post-Holocaust world" (12). Yet the vicissitudes of memory and its transmission demand a structure that cannot be definitively delineated. Instead, each chapter demonstrates how graphic narratives depict memory in images that appear to crumble before our eyes or are so sharply etched they threaten to break under the weight of pain and the effort to remember. The precarity of these images suggests the sense of a desperate attempt to hold on to and narrate the horrific past while protecting the next generation from experiencing the terror that never ceases. Aarons's first chapter analyzes the acclaimed memoir of child survivor Miriam Katin's We Are on Our Own as visualizing complementary, sometimes opposing perceptions between the indefinite memories of a two-year-old child and her mother's fraught stories. Here and elsewhere throughout Aarons's book, intergenerational conjunctions and disruptions raise critical questions about reclaiming an ever-receding past in relation to anxieties about capturing its experiential confirmations and fears about the future. With graphic, incisively analyzed detail of her own, Aarons interprets the book's physical design, typography, and the child's shaded lines of pencil drawing to show a disjunction between form and content that marks the indelible apprehensions characterizing intergenerational, multivocal Holocaust responses and representation. Holocaust Graphic Narratives also addresses how genres are grafted by visual representations to create new instantiations of hybrid genres. One such carefully examined account is Martin Lemelman's Mendel's Daughter: A Memoir. Attempting to recount his mother's Holocaust experiences and interlace her [End Page 272] story with his, with no conventional framing, Lemelman must rely on his mother's testimony, which is mediated through his voice and graphic representation, including drawn photographs. Aarons extends her analysis by showing how a multimedia consortium of first- and second-generation narratives expands and adds complexity to how...

PENGARUH AROMATERAPI LAVENDER TERHADAPPENGURANGAN NYERI PERSALINAN KALA I AKTIF

Labor Pain is caused by uterine contractions through increased secretion of catecholamine and cortisol levels, leading to a decrease in uterine blood flow and decreased uterine activity that will result in prolonged labor. Lampung Province has one maternal mortality case caused by prolonged-labor. The incidence of prolonged labor at midwife private practice Opsi Okta HN in June was 20% (2 cases), July was 27% (3 cases), and in August was 20% (2 cases). Lavender aromatherapy is one of the non-pharmacological useful methods to reduce the pain, relax the mind, reduce tension and anxiety and give peace to the maternity mother. This study aims to determine the influence of lavender aromatherapy on the reduction of labor pain during the active phase I. This study was conducted with the experimental design of the final and post test group. The sample technique used purposive sampling on 15 people. The collection of pain data using the scale of assessment of pain and lavender aromatherapy with the observational method. The univariate analysis of data using mean and bivariate analysis with parametric statistical test dependent Paired t Test. The result of the average intensity of pain in maternal mothers before given lavender aromatherapy was 7.07 (Pain Weight) and after given lavender aromatherapy was 5.53 (moderate pain). The result of Paired t Test is obtained p value 0,000 (p <α 0,05).The Conclusion of the research is the influence of lavender aromatherapy on the reduction of labor pain during the active phase I. It is expected that midwives can apply lavender aromatherapy and non-pharmacological practical method as an alternative in reducing labor pain.

The Weight of Pain: What Does a 10 on the Pain Scale Mean? An Innovative Use of Art in Medical Education to Enhance Pain Management

ContextArt and museum spaces offer a novel educational platform for exploring the subjective elements inherent to the understanding and treatment of pain. Physicians and museum educators collaborated on an educational model using art to explore the metacognitive dimensions of pain management. ObjectivesSessions used inquiry-based strategies to increase clinician awareness of implicit biases and build clinically applicable metacognitive skills that might influence how clinicians respond to patients in pain. MethodsTwo sessions led by museum educators and physician facilitators were held at the Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design. Through exercises that used works of art as the basis for guided discussions rooted in constructivist learning theory, participants explored how personal experiences, communication, and tolerance for uncertainty shape their interpretations. These sessions created unique, nonjudgmental opportunities for clinicians to make connections between their experience and how they perceive, interpret, and respond to the subjective experiences of patients in pain. Optional surveys were distributed. ResultsParticipants at both sessions noted the event impacted how they think about making observations and communication—elements of practice inherent to pain management. The majority reported the experience could lead to a change in their practice. At the first session, 100% were interested in future sessions and 100% at the second would recommend it. ConclusionsFacilitated, reflective experiences with works of art have the capacity to challenge clinicians to become aware of their implicit biases, thought processes, and communication with potential importance for improving pain management and providing more compassionate care.

HUBUNGAN EFEKTIFITAS TEKNIK MASSAGE DAN TEKNIK RELAKSASI DENGAN PENGURANGAN NYERI PUNGGUNG PADA KEHAMILAN TRIMESTER III DI KLINIK PRATAMA MEDIKA KELUARGA CIPINANG MUARA JAKARTA TIMUR TAHUN 2017

During pregnancy, women would changed whether anatomy , physiology and psychology causing discomfort during pregnancy. One discomfort often experienced pregnant women is back pain ( V arney, dkk) 2006. Mantle suggested that 50 % pregnant women in survey in england and scandinavia reported suffer pain a significant and 70 % women in australia a back injury at some stage pregnancy , for that physical exercise and posture are specific can help pregnant women in adapting to change in physical on the body during pregnancy ( B rayshaw, 2009) .dari the univariat done in this research suggests intervention effective against pregnant mother of a back injury, To a decrease in the pain scale back pain there are 6 pregnant women ( 23 % ) mild pain, 18 pregnant women ( 69 % ) pain medium and 2 pregnant women ( 8 % ) pain weight. Concluded that engineering massage and techniques of relaxation Concluded that engineering therapist and techniques of relaxation effective in lowering pain delivery in pregnant women a trimester III at the clinic pratama medika family cipinang muara jakarta.Was recommended to the village midwife to be more promoted programs class pregnant women in which there are gymnastic pregnant for alleviating gripes patients to pain back.

The Weight of Pain: What Does a 10 on the Pain Scale Mean? An Innovative Use of Art in Medical Education to Enhance Pain Management (FR482A)

The Weight of Pain: What Does a 10 on the Pain Scale Mean? An Innovative Use of Art in Medical Education to Enhance Pain Management (FR482A)