Web Of Science Research Articles

Trends and sustainability of semantic rhetoric translation research: Insights from bibliometric analysis

Semantic rhetoric translation (SRT) refers to the cross-linguistic semantic reconstruction of various linguistic phenomena in all genres, encompassing metaphor, metonymy, irony and hyperbole, which are constructed through semantic variation or deviation of concepts. Recently, much literature has grown around the theme of SRT but with little attention paid to the research sustainability of such a field. To sketch the research trends of SRT, the study conducts a bibliometric analysis of hundreds of journal articles from 2003 to 2022 on Web of Science (WoS) database by CiteSpace and VOSviewer. Our findings are as follows: (1) The annual publications have exhibited a robust growth and the prolific contributions are primarily disseminated across the domains of translation studies, psychology and linguistics. Moreover, the geographic concentration of SRT research is notably in Europe, North America, Oceania and Asia; (2) There has been an evolution toward interdisciplinarity and quantitative research in the SRT field over the past two decades. These sustainability trends underscore the pivotal stage where SRT is transitioning from practical application towards pure theoretical abstraction in model construction; (3) In future research, investigations seem poised to explore three key areas: translation theoretical modelling, translation technology advancement, and collaborative research endeavours.

New Liberal Arts Talents’ Cultivation in China: A Systematic Review

New liberal arts (NLA) construction has gradually become a strategic choice for higher education to meet the technological revolution and global competition. Previous studies have been carried out to highlight the importance of NLA skills and strategies for talents’ cultivation in general, nevertheless, the study of the specification or attributes of NLA skills and strategies for talents’ cultivation are still limited. In this paper, the core collection of Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and CNKI are used as data sources, and the literature related to NLA skills and strategies that have been carried out by previous researchers within year 2018 until 2023 are respectively used as research objects. The study employed Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist to ensure a comprehensive and rigorous analysis of the available literature. By synthesising and analysing the findings from the final selected 13 articles, the constructs of NLA skills and strategies for NLA talents’ cultivation are explored. Finally, a framework of 7 NLA skills can be proposed and 5 innovative strategies are identified to be used as a reference to stakeholders to cultivate NLA talents based on the specification.

Clinical Practice Guideline Recommendations on Mental Health in Trauma

ImportanceMany survivors of traumatic injuries are affected by mental disorders, which has recently led to the publication of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). However, there is no comprehensive synthesis of guideline recommendations to inform clinicians on those that should be prioritized for implementation and thus promote adherence to them.ObjectiveTo identify guideline recommendations for the prevention and management of mental disorders in patients with traumatic injuries, appraise their quality, and synthesize the quality of evidence and the strength of included recommendations.Evidence ReviewMEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and 61 websites of professional associations and guideline repositories were searched between January 2008 and September 2024. We included CPGs pertinent to the acute and early recovery phases (<3 months) of adult patients (≥18 years) with traumatic injuries with at least 1 recommendation on mental health. Pairs of reviewers independently extracted data and assessed guideline quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool. The quality of evidence on recommendations was synthesized using a matrix based on the categories of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Mental health recommendations had to target prevention, screening, evaluation, intervention, referral for follow-up or specialized services, and a patient- and family-centered care approach.FindingsForty-three CPGs were included, 25 of which (58%) were high quality. Rigor of development, applicability, lack of involvement from all interested parties, and editorial independence were the most common methodological weaknesses. High-quality CPGs included 200 recommendations; of these, 50 (25%) were supported by moderate- to high-quality evidence and 30 (60%) targeted patients with traumatic brain injury. They covered mainly nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions to treat acute stress disorder, substance use disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, or aggression. Fewer recommendations related to prevention, screening, evaluation, and referral were identified as having high empirical support.Conclusions and RelevanceFifty recommendations were identified that may be considered for implementation in clinical settings in patients with traumatic brain injury and other trauma populations. Our review underlines important areas for future research, including training for clinicians, a patient- and family-centered care approach, and health care equity.

Risk factors and incidence of surgical wound infection after stoma reversal: A systematic review and meta-analysis

To determine the incidence and risk factors of incisional infection following stoma reversal surgery. As of July 30, 2024, an extensive literature search was conducted on databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, and OpenGrey. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. Data analysis was performed using Stata 14.0.20 articles were included, with a total sample size of 8542, including 723 patients with incision infection. The incidence of incision infection was 12%(95%CI:0.094–0.145). The results identified 5 patient-related risk factors of incisional infection, including stoma type (OR: 3.06, P = 0.015), inflammatory bowel disease (OR: 1.91, P = 0.012), Body Mass Index (BMI; OR: 1.12, P < 0.01), period from stoma creation (OR: 0.18, P = 0.012), and surgical site infection (SSI) after primary surgery (OR: 3.57, P < 0.01), and 3 surgery-related risk factors, including subcutaneous drainage (OR: 0.26, P = 0.019), suture method (OR: 4.83, P < 0.01), operation time > 60 min (OR: 4.33, P < 0.01), operation time (continuous variable, OR: 1.004, P < 0.01). Clinical staff can refer to the influential factors in this study to reduce the incidence of incision infection.

Value of CRP, albumin, and lymphocyte index in predicting survival of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundWe conducted this systematic review to present high-quality evidence on the prognostic ability of CRP, albumin, and lymphocyte (CALLY) index for gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Wanfang databases were searched till 15th January 2025 for studies reporting the prognostic ability of CALLY for all GI malignancies. Hazard ratios (HR) were pooled in a random-effect model for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).Results18 studies were included. CALLY index was found to be a significant predictor of poor OS (HR: 1.89 95% CI: 1.720, 2.077 I2 = 12%) and PFS (HR: 1.617 95% CI: 1.444, 1.809 I2 = 1%) in GI malignancies. Low CALLY was a significant predictor of OS in pancreatic cancer (HR: 1.772 95% CI: 1.279, 2.456), cholangiocarcinoma (HR: 2.07 95% CI: 1.106, 3.875), colorectal liver metastasis (HR: 1.67 95% CI: 1.032, 2.702), gastric cancer (HR: 1.884 95% CI: 1.606, 2.210 I2 = 15%), colorectal cancer (HR: 2.284 95% CI: 1.737, 3.004 I2 = 0%), hepatocellular cancer (HR: 1.649 95% CI: 1.308, 2.079 I2 = 0%), and esophageal cancer (HR: 2.133 95% CI: 1.607, 2.831 I2 = 62%). Likewise, low CALLY was associated with worse PFS in pancreatic cancer (HR: 1.289 95% CI: 1.006, 1.652), esophageal cancer (HR: 2.171 95% CI: 1.543, 3.056 I2 = 0%), hepatocellular cancer (HR: 1.468 95% CI: 1.195, 1.801 I2 = 0%), gastric cancer (HR: 1.904 95% CI: 1.539, 2.356 I2 = 0%) and cholangiocarcinoma (HR: 2.13 95% CI: 1.163, 3.902). Random-effect meta-regression using sample size, age, male gender, TNM stage III/IV, lymph node metastasis, CALLY cut-off, low CALLY percentage, and follow-up as moderators were non-significant.ConclusionsCALLY can be a simple and easy-to-use prognostic marker for GI malignancies. Further research is needed to decipher its role in specific GI malignancies and improve the quality of evidence.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42025636999.

Cardiovascular Health, 2010 to 2020: A Systematic Review of a Decade of Research on Life's Simple 7

Background In 2010, the American Heart Association introduced Life's Simple 7, a construct to measure, monitor, and modify cardiovascular health (CVH) across the lifespan. We aimed to summarize the knowledge on outcomes, prevalence, determinants, and mechanisms of Life's Simple 7. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for publications in English examining Life's Simple 7 or 3 or more CVH metrics from January 1, 2010 to January 1, 2021. Risk of bias was assessed with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool for studies of outcomes, prevalence, and determinants. Results Of 4624 publications screened, 483 were included; most had low risk of bias. Studies of outcomes (n=259) showed that ideal/high CVH (score ≥12/14 or 6/7 ideal metrics) consistently associates with benefits in multiple bodily systems from brain to toe and from gestation to extreme old age. Low prevalence of ideal/high CVH (n=84) was reported worldwide. Longitudinal studies (n=144) showed CVH is higher at younger ages and declines with age. CVH disparities persist, with lower CVH among underrepresented individuals, in lower levels of urbanization, and greater exposure to adverse social determinants. Studies of mechanisms (n=23) showed the benefits of ideal/high CVH are partly due to lower inflammation and pathways yet to be defined. Conclusions Less is known about CVH among children and diverse populations, the benefits of modest improvements, and underlying mechanisms. Consistent evidence supports targeting social, psychological, and prenatal factors to improve individual and population CVH across the lifespan. Publication bias and overrepresentation of studies reporting significant associations cannot be excluded.

Subclinical Synovitis Among Patients With Psoriasis Without Musculoskeletal Involvement

ImportancePsoriasis affects up to 3% of the population, with 30% of patients with psoriasis developing psoriatic arthritis (PsA), yet the transition between psoriasis and PsA has yet to be fully understood. Subclinical synovitis is a hallmark of PsA and is thought to precede psoriatic arthritis; its detection among patients with psoriasis without musculoskeletal (MSK) involvement through medical imaging modalities could offer valuable insights into the transition from psoriasis to PsA.ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of synovitis on ultrasonograms and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among patients with psoriasis without MSK involvement compared with healthy controls and patients with PsA.Data SourcesA comprehensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to October 2024 using keywords related to psoriasis, synovitis, and medical imaging. A PROSPERO protocol was registered (CRD42024571308).Study SelectionStudies were eligible if they included patients with psoriasis without MSK involvement and assessed synovitis using imaging. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Twelve of 5132 initially identified studies met inclusion criteria.Data Extraction and SynthesisData were extracted per PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects model was used to pool risk ratios (RRs) for synovitis prevalence across comparison groups. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the presence of imaging-detected synovitis among patients with psoriasis without MSK involvement compared with healthy controls and patients with PsA.ResultsTwelve studies (N = 2606 patients) were included comprising 1593 patients with psoriasis (mean [SD] age, 46.4 [7.5] years; 982 men [61.6%]), 327 patients with PsA (mean [SD] age, 50.2 [7.1] years; 210 men [64.2%]), and 686 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 45.7 [6.9] years; 281 of 576 men [48.8%]). Synovitis was 2.5 times more likely among patients with psoriasis than controls (RR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.18-5.52). Detection rates were higher with MRI (RR, 6.40; 95% CI, 1.87-21.95) than ultrasonography (RR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.10-5.67). Synovitis was more frequent among patients with PsA than those with psoriasis, but the difference was not statistically significant (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.13-1.87).Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review and meta-analysis found that subclinical synovitis is significantly more prevalent among patients with psoriasis without MSK involvement compared with healthy controls. This finding suggests that imaging may aid in identifying individuals at risk for progression to psoriatic arthritis.

Endoscopic insights into digestive-related adverse effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A narrative review

Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is an innovative therapy for managing certain types of malignancy and has the potential to improve overall patient survival significantly. The most widely used ICIs selectively target different receptors comprising programmed cell death-1 receptor, programmed cell death-ligand 1 receptor, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 receptor. The widespread utilization of ICIs over the past several years, however, is frequently accompanied by immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that substantially impact the patient’s quality of life, particularly those affecting the digestive system, including both the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Based on a literature search covering databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, we present an insight into primary gastrointestinal irAEs, with a special focus on endoscopic manifestations. Additionally, we analyze data regarding the pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, histological characteristics, and proposed therapeutic interventions for managing irAEs involving the gastrointestinal tract.

Dropout Rate of Participants with Cancer in Randomized Clinical Trials That Use Virtual Reality to Manage Pain—A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

Background/Objectives: Virtual reality has emerged as a promising intervention for pain management in individuals with cancer. Although its clinical effects have been explored, little is known about participant adherence and dropout behavior. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled dropout rate in randomized controlled trials using virtual reality to treat cancer pain; assess whether dropout differs between groups; and explore potential predictors of attrition. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL up to April 2025. Eligible studies were randomized trials involving cancer patients or survivors that compared VR interventions for pain management with any non-VR control. Proportion meta-analyses and odds ratio meta-analyses were performed. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and meta-regression was conducted to explore potential predictors of dropout. The JBI appraisal tool was used to assess the methodological quality and GRADE system to determine the certainty of evidence. Results: Six randomized controlled trials were included (n = 569). The pooled dropout rate was 16% (95% CI: 8.2–28.7%). Dropout was slightly lower in VR groups (12.7%) than in controls (21.4%), but the difference was not statistically significant (OR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.51–1.72; I2 = 9%; GRADE: very low). No significant predictors of dropout were identified. Conclusions: VR interventions appear to have acceptable retention rates in oncology settings. The pooled dropout estimate may serve as a reference for sample size calculations. Future trials should improve reporting practices and investigate how VR modality and patient characteristics influence adherence.

An evaluation of resilience engineering to improve safety management performance using a social network analysis approach: Narrative review

Background Resilience is a system performance feature and integration in a management framework. The aim of resilience engineering (RE) is to improve the capacity to mitigate variations in system performance when faced with changes, disruptions, and uncertainties. Social network analysis (SNA) enables the examination of intricate human systems by visualizing and describing relationships among individuals, groups, and entities. Objective This paper is aimed at evaluating RE to improve safety management performance using an SNA approach. Methods In the present study, the databases ISI Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed Central, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used. The keywords for the searches included ‘resilience engineering’, ‘resilience’, ‘safety management’, and ‘social network analysis’. Results SNA, which is frequently employed to examine relationships and structures within networks, offers valuable tools for analyzing and enhancing the resilience of interconnected systems. SNA is a quantitative approach rooted in graph theory and mathematical symbols. The process of SNA entails conducting a survey to gather data from participants, refining the collected data, and utilizing software such as Gephi to map social networks. Conclusions Assessing the RE of organizations through SNA can provide a better understanding of how individuals and groups interact, and how determining the nature of these interactions can impact safety management performance. Because appropriate communication among employees, as well as appropriate and desirable communication between managers and employees, and vice versa, can play a significant role in improving safety management performance. Appropriate and desirable communications by creating a strong structure led to an increase in the organization's ability to respond to safety issues, effective improvement, and active participation in accident prevention, ultimately playing a very important role in enhancing organizational resilience in safety management performance.

Magnetic resonance imaging for spinocerebellar ataxia: a bibliometric analysis based on web of science

The objective of this study was to review the history of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research on spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) over the last 16 years. We conducted a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of relevant scientific literature that explores the use of MRI in studying SCA using CiteSpace. A total of 761 scientific manuscripts, published between January 2009 and March 2025 and available in the Web of Science (WoS) database, were included in this analysis. A total of 197 out of 761 articles were analyzed using CiteSpace to determine the number and centrality of publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, cited references, and keywords related to MRI and SCA. Overall, the number of publications that use MRI to study SCA has gradually increased over the years. The United States, China, Italy, Germany, and Brazil are at the forefront in this research field; a total of 420 authors from 317 research institutions in these nations have published articles in neuroscience-related journals. Among the most cited publications are an article by Rezende et al. on brain structural damage in SCA3 patients and an review by Klockgether et al. on spinocerebellar ataxia. The keyword “spinocerebellar ataxia” has the highest frequency of occurrence. However, “feature” may become a research hotspot in the coming years based on the analysis of the keyword’s citation burst. The findings of this bibliometric study provide a summary of the last 16 years of SCA research using MRI technology. More importantly, the present study identifies current trends and future research hotspots in the field, helping researchers to identify new and unexplored research areas.

Overview of Sustainable Maritime Transport Optimization and Operations

With the continuous expansion of global trade, achieving sustainable maritime transport optimization and operations has become a key strategic direction for transforming maritime transport companies. To summarize the current state of research and identify emerging trends in sustainable maritime transport optimization and operations, this study systematically examines representative studies from the past decade, focusing on three dimensions, technology, management, and policy, using data sourced from the Web of Science (WOS) database. Building on this analysis, potential avenues for future research are suggested. Research indicates that the technological field centers on the integrated application of alternative fuels, improvements in energy efficiency, and low-carbon technologies in the shipping and port sectors. At the management level, green investment decisions, speed optimization, and berth scheduling are emphasized as core strategies for enhancing corporate sustainable performance. From a policy perspective, attention is placed on the synergistic effects between market-based measures (MBMs) and governmental incentive policies. Existing studies primarily rely on multi-objective optimization models to achieve a balance between emission reductions and economic benefits. Technological innovation is considered a key pathway to decarbonization, while support from governments and organizations is recognized as crucial for ensuring sustainable development. Future research trends involve leveraging blockchain, big data, and artificial intelligence to optimize and streamline sustainable maritime transport operations, as well as establishing a collaborative governance framework guided by environmental objectives. This study contributes to refining the existing theoretical framework and offers several promising research directions for both academia and industry practitioners.

A Scientometric Study on Serious Games in Geriatric Care: Research Trends and Insights

The rising global aging population presents significant healthcare challenges, particularly in cognitive decline, physical rehabilitation, and social well-being. Serious games have emerged as an innovative intervention, offering interactive and engaging solutions to enhance cognitive function, mobility, and emotional health in older adults. However, a comprehensive understanding of research trends, key contributors, and thematic developments remains limited. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of serious games in geriatric care using Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, analyzing 95 unique publications with ScientoPy and VOSviewer. The results indicate a steady increase in research output, with a significant surge post-2020, reflecting growing recognition of serious games as effective geriatric interventions. European countries, particularly Italy, Spain, France, and Germany, lead in research contributions, while Qatar, Greece, and the United States host key institutions driving advancements in this field. A co-occurrence analysis of author keywords identified two primary thematic clusters: (1) Cognitive Health and Neurodegenerative Conditions, focusing on dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitive training, and (2) Aging and Rehabilitation, emphasizing mobility, engagement strategies, and gamification. These findings highlight the interdisciplinary nature of serious games, integrating health sciences, psychology, and digital technologies. This study provides a strategic overview of the field, identifying research gaps, key trends, and emerging directions. The findings offer valuable insights for academics, healthcare professionals, and policymakers, guiding the future development of evidence-based serious game applications to enhance the quality of life for older adults.

Health-related quality of life evaluation in epidermolysis bullosa: a scoping review

Abstract Background Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare, congenital, inherited skin disorders. Evaluation of health related quality-of-life (HRQoL) is key to understanding a disease’s psychosocial and emotional impact on patients and on their family caregivers (FC). Objectives The aim of this scoping review was to answer: a main question, i.e., “What measurement tools are available for evaluation of HRQoL in EB?”; and two sub-questions aimed at ascertaining, firstly, which EB-specific HRQoL instruments are available, and secondly, which of these are used for EB patients and their FC, respectively. Methods We conducted a search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) databases for studies published from 23-02-2011 through early 2024. Working separately, two independent reviewers screened the references and evaluated the papers identified. Results Of a total of 300 papers, 120 were discarded for being duplicates, 180 were screened by title and abstract, and 43 underwent a full-text peer review. Inter-rater reliability between the independent reviewers was good in the review by title and abstract (κ=0.75), and moderate in the full-text review (κ=0.54). The final analysis was performed on 32 papers. Three EB-specific HRQoL questionnaires were found for patients, i.e., 18 articles (56.3%) mentioned the Quality-of-Life Evaluation in Epidermolysis Bullosa (QoLEB), two (6.25%) the Instrument for Scoring Clinical Outcomes for Research of Epidermolysis Bullosa-patients (iscorEB-p), and only one (3.1%) the Infants and Toddlers Dermatology Quality-of-Life Epidermolysis Bullosa (InToDermQoL-EB). In contrast, only one was found for FC: the Epidermolysis Bullosa Burden of Disease (EB-BoD) which was used in 9.4% of articles. Conclusions EB-specific, dermatology—specific, and generic HRQoL instruments were used in the papers reviewed. The EB-specific HRQoL questionnaires are the iscorEB-p and QoLEB for adults and children, and the InToDermQoL-EB for children under 4 years old. For FC, the only specific questionnaire is the EB-BoD, though its use is not very widespread.

The effects of moxibustion in chronic heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveMoxibustion has been utilized in China for 2,000 years as a safe and straightforward intervention for chronic heart failure (CHF). Numerous articles indicate that moxibustion enhances quality of life and certain heart failure indicators in CHF patients; however, there is a deficiency of high-quality, evidence-based studies with large sample sizes. Our objective was to systematically summarize and assess the clinical efficacy of moxibustion as an adjunctive treatment for CHF.MethodsA thorough search was performed across the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China Knowledge Network Database, Vipers Database, Wanfang, and China Biomedical Literature Database from their inception until 1 August 2024. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was utilized to aggregate the pooled metrics in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and to compare the clinical efficacy rate, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6 min walk test (6MWT), and cardiac output (CO) variations between standard CHF treatment and standard treatment combined with moxibustion for CHF.ResultsThe study encompassed 22 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 2,039 participants, with 1,021 in the experimental group and 1,018 in the control group. The experimental group exhibited a superior clinical efficacy rate compared with the control group (RR = 1.230, 95% CI: 1.173–1.289, p < 0.05), reduced NT-proBNP levels [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −1.035, 95% CI: −1.730 to −0.340, p < 0.05], enhanced LVEF (SMD = 0.909, 95% CI: 0.704–1.114, p < 0.001), improved 6MWT (SMD = 0.909, 95% CI: 0.704–1.114, p < 0.001), and increased CO (SMD = 1.0873, 95% CI: 0.882–1.293, p < 0.001). Following the application of funnel plots and the trim-and-fill method, the findings regarding clinical efficacy rate, LVEF, 6MWT, and CO were deemed reliable, whereas the results for NT-proBNP were found to be unstable. Subgroup analysis revealed that the number of moxibustion points contributed to heterogeneity in LVEF, 6MWT, and CO, while treatment duration accounted for heterogeneity in 6MWT.ConclusionThe study demonstrates that, in comparison with standard treatment, the integration of moxibustion for CHF patients markedly enhanced the efficacy rate, LVEF, CO, and 6MWT and may reduce NT-proBNP levels, but this result requires further validation with larger sample sizes and standardized testing methods.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, PROSPERO (CRD42022372386).

Current approaches to diagnosis and management of Acute Mesenteric Ischaemia – a scoping review

Introduction: Acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is a life-threatening condition with mortality exceeding 50%. This scoping review evaluates current diagnostic and management strategies, comparing endovascular and open surgical approaches. Methods: Following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, a systematic search was conducted in OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science (2005–2024). English-language studies on AMI were included. Data on diagnostic methods, mortality, hospital/ICU stay, and surgical outcomes were extracted. Results: Thirty-nine studies (20,991 patients) were analysed. CT was the primary diagnostic tool, with diagnosis delays ranging from 13.9–48 hours. Endovascular interventions demonstrated lower 30-day mortality (0%–53.8%) versus open surgery (21%–81%). Hospital (5–15.35 vs. 5.7–27.26 days) and ICU stays (0–5.35 vs. 2–13 days) were shorter with endovascular management. Bowel resection and re-laparotomy rates were also reduced. Conclusion: Endovascular management is associated with improved outcomes, including reduced mortality and shorter hospital stays. Timely diagnosis and patient selection remain critical. A multidisciplinary approach is essential, though further prospective studies are needed to standardise protocols. Keywords: Mesenteric ischaemia, bowel resection, endovascular, open revascularisation.

Advancements in non-invasive visualization of the immune checkpoint TIGIT: a systematic review.

T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) is a novel immune checkpoint receptor implicated in tumor immune evasion. Non-invasive imaging of TIGIT expression holds potential for improving patient selection and monitoring in cancer immunotherapy. This systematic review aims to evaluate recent advancements in radiotracer development for non-invasive visualization of TIGIT. A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to February 2025 using databases including PubMed and Web of Science. The search terms "TIGIT imaging", "TIGIT PET", "TIGIT SPECT", and "TIGIT visualization" were used, focusing on those reporting on the development, characterization, or application of immuno-PET tracers targeting TIGIT expression. Both preclinical and clinical studies were reviewed. Six studies met the inclusion criteria, exploring tracers targeting TIGIT expression on immune cells. These studies have focused on the development of TIGIT-targeted imaging agents, including radiolabeled antibodies, peptides, and nanobodies for positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging. These agents demonstrated high specificity and enabled visualization of TIGIT expression in preclinical models and one exploratory clinical study. Novel radiotracers for non-invasive imaging of TIGIT show potential for enhancing personalized cancer immunotherapy. TIGIT-targeted imaging agents allow for the visualization and quantification of TIGIT expression in tumors/tumor microenvironment, which in future might contribute to better patient selection and treatment monitoring. Further research and clinical validation are necessary to optimize these imaging techniques for routine clinical application.

Measuring Substance Use in Refugees: A Systematic Review of Assessment Instruments.

Despite increasing research on substance use among migrants and refugees, little attention has been paid to the instruments assessing substance use in these populations. This systematic review examines the suitability of substance use instruments for use in migrant and refugee populations and the quality of the instruments. A systematic search of the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, PsychINFO, and EMBASE was performed. Articles were eligible if they assessed substance use among refugees using a standardized instrument. Instrument properties were assessed using a standardized checklist, and the measurement properties were evaluated according to Terwee's criteria. In total, n = 2654 studies were retrieved. Of those, we included n = 55 studies. The most frequently used instrument was the Alcohol Disorder Identification Test (n = 20, 36.4%) followed by the CAGE/CAGE4M and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (n = 7 studies each, 12.7%). Out of 24 instruments, 18 (75%) were developed in English. Content validity, cross-cultural validity, and criterion validity were unreported for most instruments (n = 13, 54.2%). None of the instruments were developed with input from refugees. Completion time of the instruments ranged from 1 to 120 minutes. Psychometric properties were either not assessed in refugees or were moderate. None of the assessed instruments met all the psychometric criteria sufficiently. Therefore, it will be necessary to develop a rationale for instruments to better fit the needs of diverse groups of migrants and refugees. Accordingly, these instruments fitted to specific groups will allow for better measurement of substance use, diagnosis, and monitoring of treatment.

Factors Influencing Quality of Life After Intensive Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The factors influencing quality of life (QOL) after intensive care are diverse and complex, and the QOL levels remain unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify the factors influencing QOL and QOL levels in post-ICU patients. We searched eight databases: PubMed, Embase, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WeiPu, and WanFang, from inception to October 15, 2024. We included observational studies that examined factors influencing QOL in post-ICU patients. Two independent reviewers extracted and recorded the data. A total of 65 studies, encompassing 17,298 post-ICU patients, met the inclusion criteria. The key pre-ICU factors are advanced age (per 1-yr increase) (β: -0.045 [95% CI, -0.057 to -0.033]) and female gender (odds ratio: 1.104 (95% CI, 1.035-1.177]). The key intra-ICU factors are length of ICU stay (per 1-d increase) (β: -0.012 [95% CI, -0.019 to -0.005]), length of mechanical ventilation (per 1-d increase) (β: -0.005 [95% CI, -0.009 to -0.001]), and length of hospital stay (per 1-d increase) (β: -0.107 [95% CI, -0.161 to -0.054]). The pooled overall QOL score was 58.835 (95% CI, 52.935-64.735), the pooled physical component summary (PCS) score was 49.517 (95% CI, 45.781-53.253), the pooled mental component summary (MCS) score was 53.509 (95% CI, 50.301-56.718), and the pooled overall QOL index was 0.750 (95% CI, 0.713-0.787). Most pre-ICU and intra-ICU factors demonstrated strong associations with post-ICU QOL. The QOL in post-ICU patients remains at a moderate level, with the PCS score indicating greater impairment than the MCS score. Further research is highly recommended to explore effective intervention strategies to improve QOL in post-ICU patients, particularly concerning their physical well-being.

Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background and Objectives Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Its etiology may involve both genetic and environmental factors, including vitamin D levels, body mass index, infections, and smoking. This is the first comprehensive systematic review with meta-analysis that synthesizes and explore the role of many environmental risk factors in the etiology of MS. Methods A systematic search of MEDLINE, SciVerse ScienceDirect and Web of Science were conducted for any original peer-reviewed article that included adult subjects diagnosed with and without MS that were exposed to any environmental risk factor. We did not set any time restrictions. Data were extracted and the quality assessment was performed with the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Control Studies. All the information was synthesized qualitatively and quantitatively (meta-analysis). We used the random-effects model based on the binomial distribution to calculate the pooled effects sizes (ES) regarding the risk of developing MS according to each potential risk factor. Results One-hundred thirty-two publications met all the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Overall, 109,626 people with MS and 16,724,390 controls from 38 countries were included in the review. A total of 42 environmental risk factors were investigated as potential risk factors for MS. Among the various statistically significant associations, the pooled ES revealed a direct association between serological evidence of contact with EBV (ES = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.53–2.51), herpes virus type 6 (HHV-6) (ES = 2.84, 95% CI = 2.08–3.89) and varicella-zoster virus (ES = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.08–1.63) and the occurrence of MS. Similarly, smoking was associated with a greater likelihood of having MS (ES = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.27–1.61). Vitamin D levels at any time were negatively associated with the proportion of cases of MS and had a moderate pooled ES (g = – 0.48, 95% CI = – 0.88–0.09). Adult BMI was not associated with MS. Discussion This review furnishes a broad and detailed overview of the potential environmental risk factors associated with MS. Our findings hold notable implications for public health policies, clinical practices, and the focus of future research.