Digital storytelling is the presentation of traditional storytelling by enriching it with elements such as text, visuals, audio, video, and animation. In this study, a digital story tool was designed, developed, and evaluated to help teachers easily create digital stories. The research was carried out in three stages as a design-based study: planning the design, creating and implementing the design, and completing and evaluating the design. In the design planning stage, expert opinions were obtained from information technology teachers who were thought to have knowledge about digital stories and web design, and the technical features that the digital story tool should have were determined. The features of the digital story tool were created after the planning process with expert teachers in light of the data obtained from the existing literature review and the analysis of 35 digital story tools. At this stage, improvements were made to the design based on the opinions and experiences of information technology experts, and it was understood that various new features needed to be added. After the improvements made to the design, the final design was shaped and the usability of the digital story tool's web page was tested in line with the feedback received from experts and teachers. After the usability tests, the third stage, the evaluation process, was initiated. At this stage, the digital story tool was evaluated with the opinions received from a total of fifteen teachers from different branches. As a result of the evaluation, it was determined that the digital story tool was easy to use and more efficient and effective than other tools in line with concrete scenarios.

A systematic review of research on teaching web design to secondary school students through HTML and CSS

This study addresses the ecological impact of the internet’s energy consumption by examining the topic of sustainable web design from a consumer-centric perspective. Sustainable web design, encompassing data volume reduction, website element optimization and compression, and ecological hosting, offers the potential to mitigate ecological footprints while simultaneously improving the technical performance and user experience. A mixed-methods research approach was implemented, combining preliminary expert interviews to establish five foundational attributes used in the second part of the study, a discrete choice experiment. Robustness checks of the results employed a mixed logit estimation and tertiary covariates controlling for different sustainability personality types. Rapid loading times turned out to be particularly decisive in generating a positive brand image and enhancing purchase intentions. In addition, communication measures of sustainable web design practices in the form of sustainability seals, the disclosure of green hosting and the provision of transparent information about sustainability efforts also have a positive impact, enhancing the brand perception, quality assessment and users’ purchase decision. The findings, however, reveal no indication whether inherently visible aspects of websites as compared to implemented communication tools, like seals, labels, or information pages, are more effective measures in general.

The post-digital era marks a profound shift in the creative disciplines, where human imagination and computational intelligence converge to redefine authorship, aesthetics, and design practice. This research explores this transformation through the lens of WebDraw, a machine learning–driven system for automatic website prototyping. Positioned at the intersection of artificial intelligence, computational creativity, and post-digital design, WebDraw exemplifies how automation can evolve into a form of creative collaboration rather than mere efficiency. By analyzing WebDraw’s architecture, workflows, and cultural implications, the research argues that design in the post-digital condition is characterized by hybrid authorship, distributed among humans, algorithms, and data. The discussion unfolds across theoretical and practical dimensions: first establishing a conceptual foundation in post- digital design and computational creativity; then presenting WebDraw as a case of human–machine co-creation in web design. Aesthetic evaluation, collaboration dynamics, ethical considerations, and sustainability concerns are explored. Based on both quantitative system evaluations and qualitative interviews with web professionals, the research highlights how WebDraw fosters co-creation, democratizes access to design, and challenges traditional notions of origin, authorship, and creative control. Ultimately, the research positions computational design systems as agents of cultural transformation, expanding the boundaries of creativity, reconfiguring professional practice, and calling for new frameworks in design education and ethics. Through the lens of WebDraw, post-digital creativity emerges not as the replacement of human agency but as its extension through intelligent collaboration.

Abstract Castellated steel beams, characterised by their unique perforated web design, have gained significant popularity in the construction of medium‐span structures, like industrial and office buildings. These beams offer an economical solution due to their increased bending moment capacity about the major axis with relatively low weight and associated high resource efficiency. However, they are particularly susceptible to lateral‐torsional buckling as a result of their increased cross‐sectional height. Additionally, the regularly spaced openings weaken the web, leading to further local failure modes. For simplified design methods, boundary conditions are usually incorporated through the elastic critical moment, which itself is influenced by possible local failure modes, such as web distortions. This paper investigates the influence of various boundary conditions on the analytical computation of the elastic critical moment according to the draft Technichal Report CEN/TR 1993‐1‐102:2025 and the lateral‐torsional buckling design according to the 2nd Gen EN 1993‐1‐1:2022 for castellated steel beams in comparison to regular hot‐rolled profiles within a comprehensive numerical and analytical study.

The digital transformation of academic institutions has accelerated demand for intelligent library systems that combine automation, secure access, and personalized services. This survey reviews modern E-Library architectures with emphasis on barcode-based inventory ingestion, secure dual-portal web design (admin + student), and content-aware recommendation techniques. We examine state-of-the-art approaches (barcode, RFID, API-assisted metadata ingestion, and AI recommendation), compare their strengths and shortcomings, and propose a practical system blueprint implemented with PHP/MySQL and REST APIs. We also discuss security, privacy, and scalability considerations, and outline near-term research directions such as RFID integration, blockchain audit trails, and advanced recommendation models. The paper synthesizes literature, provides design patterns, and presents a comparative evaluation to guide practitioners and researchers.

The development of digital technology provides great opportunities for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to improve efficiency and expand their marketing reach. The SME providing laboratory test mice in Surakarta still faces limitations in marketing processes, customer data management, and product distribution, which are mostly carried out manually. This Student Creativity Program (PKM) activity aims to implement digital marketing transformation through the development and application of the Digital Laboratory Test Mice Application of Surakarta as an integrated platform for promotion, ordering, and customer data management. The implementation methods include partner needs analysis, web and mobile-based system design, user training, and effectiveness evaluation. The results show significant improvements in transaction efficiency, ease of product information access, and market reach expansion for the SME. Through the application’s implementation, the partner SME is able to adapt to digital trends, strengthen competitiveness, and enhance service professionalism in providing laboratory test mice.

The global effort to limit global warming to 1.5°C in line with the Paris Agreement is urgent, with just under five years left to act. The internet, and particularly websites, play a critical role in this challenge. While sustainable web design (SWD) is gaining attention, it is often overlooked, even by organisations central to climate action. This study examines the evolution of host country websites for the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Conference of the Parties (COP), from COP1 (1995) to COP30 (2025). While COPs serve as the global focal point for climate negotiations, the environmental impact of their host websites has been largely unexamined. Motivated by concerns over the COP28 host website, criticised for potential “greenwashing”, we evaluated the environmental footprint of all available COP host websites using archival data from Internet Archive’s Wayback Machine. Our analysis reveals an exponential increase in website size, with average emissions rising over 13,000%, and many recent COP pages emitting roughly ten times the global average of approximately 0.36g of CO₂e per pageview. In-session participant homepage views drove emissions up by 83,400%, from 0.14 kg of CO₂e at COP3 (1997), roughly what a mature tree absorbs in two days at a standard sequestration rate, to 116.85 kg of CO₂e at COP29 (2024), requiring the annual carbon absorption of five to ten mature trees. This dramatic growth is largely driven by richer media content and scripts. We conclude with recommendations for integrating SWD principles into the Host Country Agreement and the How to COP handbook, ensuring that digital platforms align with the United Nations’ broader sustainability objectives. The code used in this study and the results are available via DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15295396 .

Introduction. Engineering thinking is a complex systemic phenomenon that is a priority and relevant research area in terms of professional self-determination of young students. At the same time, there is a low prestige of engineering professions in the public consciousness, a clear gender imbalance, and a conservative system of training specialists in the engineering and technology field. The purpose of this study is to present a system of career guidance diagnostics for graduates of schools, colleges and technical schools in the framework of the engineering and technology sector in the complex "school-college-university-employer". Materials and methods. 111 graduates of 9th and 11th grades of schools, lyceums and gymnasiums of Nizhny Novgorod took part in the testing of the diagnostic portfolio. The study took place in April-May 2025, and data was collected anonymously using a Yandex form using the "Questionnaire on motivation to choose engineering and technology professions" and the "Questionnaire on prestige and stereotypical beliefs about engineering and technology professions", developed by a team of authors. KEYWORDS Research results. 64.8% of modern graduates are attracted to IT professions (programmer, web designer, system administrator), 62% of schoolchildren associate engineering and technology specialists with innovation and creativity. The least popular professions among high school students are those with low attractiveness and wages (mathematician, electrician). Conclusion. The model of diagnostics of professional self-determination of school and college graduates in the engineering and technology field, developed on the basis of a systematic approach, is a holistic system of interconnected structural components (target, content, process-organizational, and result-management) and can be used in the practice of career guidance work with students.

ABSTRACT Mobile commerce is increasingly central to digital economies, yet the web design mechanisms that underpin user engagement in this context remain underexplored. Drawing on Csikszentmihalyi’s Flow Theory, this study investigates the system-level conditions that promote the flow experience in shopping applications. While prior research has addressed flow as a cognitive-affective state, limited attention has been given to how design elements such as demand–skill balance, goal clarity, and feedback immediacy support this state in mobile retail environments. To address this gap, we developed and validated the Online Flow Conditions Scale, a standardised instrument derived from a systematic literature review and analysed using Multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT). The scale was applied to 200 shopping apps from Brazil and Spain. Confirmatory Factor Analysis and MIRT modelling supported a three-dimensional structure comprising 16 validated items. Findings reveal that Spanish apps score higher on the Clear Goals dimension, reflecting more structured and intuitive design, while Brazilian apps excel in Demand–Skill Balance and Immediate Feedback, emphasising responsiveness and personalisation. These results contribute to the theoretical understanding of flow in digital environments and offer actionable design insights for enhancing user experience in m-commerce applications.

This study aims to develop a web-based information system for recording teacher activities and student achievements at SMK Negeri 1 Suak Tapeh. The background of this research lies in the school’s previous manual data management method using Microsoft Word and Excel, which often caused inefficiency and data loss. The objective is to create a structured and accessible system that improves the accuracy, transparency, and accountability of institutional data management. The system was developed using the Agile Scrum methodology to ensure iterative development and continuous user involvement. PHP was used as the main programming language, MySQL as the database, and Tailwind CSS for responsive interface design. The system integrates five user roles Operator, Teacher, Head of Administration, Principal, and Vice Principal each with specific access privileges according to their institutional responsibilities. Black-box testing was applied to evaluate system functionality, focusing on the accuracy of input and output processes. The results show that all system modules, including activity submission, approval workflow, achievement management, and report generation, functioned as expected and met user requirements. The system successfully replaced the manual process with a digital platform that enhances efficiency and transparency. Furthermore, it provides real-time access through responsive web design across desktop and mobile devices. Future improvements may include integrating data analytics, notification systems, and enhanced security layers to support the school’s digital transformation.

In the increasingly dynamic digital era, the need for responsive, efficient, and consistent web design has become crucial. Figma Sites, the latest feature of the Figma platform, offers a visual-first approach that integrates the design, prototyping, and publishing processes within a single, cloud-based collaborative ecosystem. This study aims to analyze Figma Sites' contribution to increasing designer productivity and maintaining visual consistency in digital interface development. Using a qualitative approach based on literature, data was reviewed from scientific articles, professional publications, and documentation of UI/UX design industry practices. The analysis results show that Figma Sites can reduce design iteration time, strengthen cross-functional coordination, and maintain uniformity of visual elements through the use of integrated design components and design systems. This study concludes that Figma Sites not only technically addresses modern design challenges but also offers an efficient collaborative work model in the context of digital transformation.

This article examines the information systems governing individual relationships to urban coastal waterways, drawing from two data publication initiatives in New York City. In these two cases, data structure and web design features cultivate specific forms of knowledge about water quality, pollution, and the health risks represented by recreational activities such as swimming and fishing. Analysis of the data structure and web source code shows the forms of knowledge concerning water quality each project facilitates or obscures. Findings are considered within the framework of an 'information order', which refers to the prevailing conditions for knowledge that are facilitated by communication practices, infrastructures, and tools. The study finds that both initiatives are shaped by their reliance on widely shared geographic information systems and web development frameworks, as well as their emphasis on enterococcus bacteria as an indicator of pollution, rather than other potential metrics. Such widely shared digital and observational features may facilitate and structure other forms of knowledge production now and in the future.

This study compares the performance of static and dynamic websites in the context of digital information services. The background of this research is based on the need for organizations and educational institutions to select the right website architecture to provide fast, secure, efficient, and sustainable services. The objective of the study is to analyze the advantages and limitations of each website model from various aspects, including data security, development and maintenance costs, system sustainability, and the ability to integrate with new technologies. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzing relevant current literature, to obtain a comprehensive picture of the technical and non-technical characteristics of both types of websites. The results show that static websites excel in terms of security, initial cost, and system simplicity, but lack flexibility in technology integration. Conversely, dynamic websites excel in flexibility, ease of updating, and readiness to adapt to future technologies, but require higher costs and a robust security strategy. The implication of these findings is the need for a website architecture selection strategy tailored to the organization's needs, resources, and long-term goals.

Abstract - Healthcare accessibility continues to be one of the most pressing global challenges, especially in rural and underdeveloped regions where people face delays in receiving timely medical assistance. Existing healthcare services are often fragmented, with limited disease prediction capabilities, poor support for local languages, and no mechanism to reuse patient medical data. These challenges result in late diagnosis, increased treatment costs, and poor continuity of care. This project proposes an AI-Based Multi-Service Healthcare Platform that integrates advanced Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques to provide real-time, intelligent, and accessible healthcare services. The platform introduces multiple modules including: • Disease Doctor – AI-driven disease prediction from symptoms and medical reports. • Medical Chatbot – 24/7 conversational healthcare guidance. • AI Dietitian – Personalized nutrition and lifestyle recommendations. • Digital Clone – A reusable health profile that securely stores patient records for future consultations. The system is developed using Flask (backend), React (frontend), MySQL (database), and Ollama Phi AI models for disease prediction and chatbot responses. It is designed to operate in low-resource settings, provide multi-language support, and ensure scalability for widespread adoption. By offering early disease detection, report interpretation, multi-language support, and continuous patient data management, this project demonstrates how AI can significantly improve healthcare delivery, reduce costs, and empower patients and doctors with smarter, data-driven medical insights. This comprehensive approach seeks to provide scalable, accurate, and user-friendly healthcare solutions, addressing the growing demand for digital health services. Keywords: Healthcare Website, Patient Management System, Online Appointment Scheduling, Electronic Health Records, Telemedicine Integration, User-Friendly Interface, Medical Data Security, Health Analytics, Responsive Web Design, Digital Health Solutions.

The digital era has brought significant changes in the banking sector, driven by advances in information technology and widespread internet penetration. These technological advances also pose competitive challenges that require banks to continuously innovate and improve service quality. One such innovation is mobile banking. The implementation of digital technology such as mobile banking is crucial for banks to maintain business sustainability, maintain relevance, and increase customer satisfaction and loyalty in this digital era. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of mobile banking e-service quality on customer satisfaction and the impact of customer satisfaction on loyalty and word of mouth (WOM). This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method by distributing questionnaires to 148 mobile banking users aged 17-44 years and having used mobile banking for at least 3 months in the Jakarta area. This study uses a Structural Equation Model (SEM) data analysis method based on Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results show that the quality of mobile banking e-services consisting of reliability, privacy/security, web design, and customer service has a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Meanwhile, customer satisfaction in using mobile banking e-services has a significant effect on loyalty and WOM. These findings indicate that good quality mobile banking e-services can increase customer satisfaction and have an impact on creating loyalty and positive WOM.

This study examines the feasibility of applying eye tracking as a rigorous method for assessing user experience in web design. A controlled experiment was conducted with 102 participants, who interacted with both guideline-compliant websites and systematically degraded variants violating specific principles of Material Design 2. Eleven websites were presented in A/B conditions with modifications targeting three design dimensions: contrast, link clarity, and iconography. Eye-tracking indicators-time to first fixation, fixation duration, fixation count, and time to first click-are examined in conjunction with subjective ratings and expert assessments. Mixed-effects models are employed to ensure robust statistical inference. The results demonstrate that reduced contrast and unclear links consistently impair user performance and increase search effort, whereas the influence of icons is more context-dependent. The study contributes by quantifying the usability costs of guideline deviations and by validating a triangulated evaluation framework that combines objective, subjective, and expert data. From a practical perspective, the findings support the integration of eye tracking into A/B testing and guideline validation, providing design teams with empirical evidence to inform and prioritize improvements in user interfaces.

ABSTRACT This study investigated students' objectives, preferences, and hurdles using online historic clothing collection databases and compared them to the institutional capacities of three United States university using a transformative mixed methods study design involving the collection of quantitative and qualitative data from 89 student users. Results showed students preferred high-quality images and robust information. However, the university collections had limited levels of budget, staffing, and digital capacities and, overall, were not well-prepared to digitise more of their holdings and make them searchable online. Active learning and object-based learning activities could help develop digital content utilising student work on research, photography, and data entry. However, to meet learning objectives the web and search design infrastructure must already be well-developed. Otherwise, the curricular focus shifts too much from fashion history and museum education to web development.

Abstract Accessible design enables participation in the digital society for everyone. However, cognitive accessibility is not well established within the field of web design. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a descriptive framework that relates health conditions to functioning and participation. ICF Core Sets are purposefully tailored shortlists of ICF categories for describing functioning. The aim of this study was to develop an ICF core set for cognitive web accessibility to be used by web designers. ICF categories with relevance for cognitive accessibility were extracted and linked to the guidelines in the standard for cognitive accessibility: ISO 21801-1, followed by interpretation of the meaning of the ICF categories in relation to cognitive accessibility. The latter was outlined as practical advice for designers on design considerations for cognitive accessibility. The analysis was performed by an iterative back-and-forth process between the lived experiences of persons with cognitive impairments, the ISO-standard and the ICF. The ICF core set comprises 46 ICF categories with design considerations for cognitive accessibility. The ICF core set is suggested to facilitate understanding of the challenges in digital design that users experience and provide strategies to address cognitive accessibility, and thereby improve design outcomes.

The evolution of web accessibility is experiencing a transformative shift as emerging technologies and standards redefine inclusive digital experiences. Native enhancements in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript now provide inherently accessible features that reduce reliance on external tools and custom implementations. Semantic elements like dialog and popup integrate keyboard navigation and focus management by default, while CSS innovations such as focus-visible and container queries create adaptable interfaces that respect diverse user needs. Browser-level advancements detect and respond to user preferences through media queries that accommodate motion sensitivity, contrast requirements, and color scheme choices. Simultaneously, improved integration with assistive technologies enables more seamless experiences for screen reader users and those with diverse input needs. These developments coincide with evolving standards that prioritize real user outcomes over technical compliance, with both WCAG 3.0 and ARIA specifications expanding to address increasingly complex interaction patterns. The implementation landscape similarly advances through progressive enhancement strategies and sophisticated automated testing mechanisms that collectively elevate accessibility from a retrofit necessity to a foundational principle of web design.