Wave Absorption Research Articles (Page 1)

Abstract The PIPERS (Parametric Instabilities embedded Propagation and Evolution of RF Spectrum) program has been developed to integrate the propagation and absorption of lower hybrid wave (LHW) around the scrape-off layer (SOL) of magnetically confined plasmas with parametric decay instabilities (PDIs). Based on an improved nonlocal convective amplification model of a quasi-mode PDI and the ray-tracing method, the program can be applied to self-consistently analyse the energy transfer and spectral evolution of LHW during its propagation. For the first time, we have successfully simulated the density limit and spectral broadening of LHW around the SOL across different experimental scenarios.

The escalating electromagnetic pollution from electronic devices necessitates high-performance microwave absorbers. Herein, we fabricate lightweight carbon nanotube (CNT)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) porous composites via graphene oxide (GO)-mediated reconstruction of melamine-derived microspheres. Multiple characterizations (SEM, XRD, Raman, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) confirm that rGO can manipulate disordered CNT aggregates into interconnected 3D scaffolds with regular nanopores and enhance graphitic ordering. Electromagnetic analysis (2–18 GHz) indicates that incorporating rGO increases the dielectric loss tangent and facilitates optimal impedance matching. Consequently, the CNT/rGO-composite exhibits exceptional absorption capabilities: −40 dB reflection loss at 8 GHz (3.0 mm thickness) and a 4 GHz effective bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB) at 2 mm. Radar cross section simulations further demonstrate that the composite contained rGO with a maximum attenuation of 21.2 dBsm at 8 GHz, validating radar stealth performance. Such a high electromagnetic wave absorption performance is attributed to the synergetic effects of long-range propagation paths from internal multiple reflections, additional polarization centers due to heterogeneous interfaces, and other effects. Experimental and simulation results provide insights into the composite manufacturing of one-dimensional carbon nanotubes and two-dimensional reduced graphene oxide.

Synergistic AlN@MXene Hybrids with Anti-Corrosion and Durable Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Unwanted ice accumulation can lead to catastrophic disasters or economic losses. Photothermal superhydrophobic surfaces show promise for anti-/de-icing applications, but their effectiveness depends critically on precise micro-nano hierarchical structure design and functionalization. Current approaches face significant limitations: lithography enables ordered patterns but becomes cost-prohibitive for nanoscale features, while disordered micro-nano structures suffer from poor performance tunability and inconsistency. This study develops a high-performance structured micro/nano-crystal array photothermal superhydrophobic metamaterial (SMNA-PSM) for anti-/de-icing. The structured crystal array features abundant micro-nano surfaces, transforming deposited Metal-insulator-Metal (MIM) structures into heterogeneous resonators. These heterogeneous resonators with varying sizes, angles, and thicknesses possess more electromagnetic wave response sites and scattering surfaces, converting the separated absorption peaks of the uniform MIM structure into a continuous absorption band, achieving 96% solar spectrum absorptivity. Moreover, by simply adjusting the deposition material, the surface morphology of the crystal array can be tuned from smooth to rough, thereby enabling a switch from hydrophobicity to superhydrophobicity. Unlike conventional micro-nano hierarchical structures, structured micro-nano crystal arrays can be integrated with film stacked architectures, inheriting film-based advantages: tunable performance, uniformity, substrate-friendliness, and scalability. This approach demonstrates broad application potential in micro-nano structure fabrication, broadband wave absorption, wettability control, photothermal conversion and anti-/de-icing.

Lightweight TiC/ZrC ceramic foams were successfully fabricated using a self-foaming method to address thermal-electromagnetic coupling in extremely high-temperature environments. These ceramic foams feature an interconnected pore structure, achieving a porosity of 75.2% and a density of 0.41 g/cm3. The foam demonstrates low thermal conductivity of 0.21 W·m-1·K-1, promising broadband electromagnetic wave absorption with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -33.9 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 3.7 GHz. Additionally, it exhibits high load-bearing strength of 26 MPa. The exceptional multifunctionality of these ceramic foams is primarily due to their interconnected pore structure and the solid solution strengthening of TiC in ZrC ceramics. Notably, the ceramic foam also shows remarkable high-temperature resilience. After undergoing five thermal cycles at 1600 °C, the material maintains its structural integrity and performance stability, with electromagnetic absorption characteristics dropped to RLmin of -28.7 dB, along with a mechanical strength of 9 MPa.

Structural modification of mesoporous lanthanum oxide into 3D coral-like and nano needle-like structure for effective broadband microwave absorbing materials☆

Two-dimensional porous few-layer MXene-derived bimetallic CoNi@Ti3C2Tx/CNT/TiO2 nanocomposites for ultrathin high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbers

Facile Synthesis of Fe3O4@wood-derived porous carbon with Optimized Impedance Matching for Enhanced Microwave Absorption Performance.

Magnetic-electric synergistic coal gangue-based high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorber

Evanescent wave absorbance based label-free detection of microcystin in water and bodyfluids using polyaniline coated optical fiber.

Graphene can effectively enhance the impedance matching and dielectric loss capability in dielectric loss/magnetic loss dual-mechanism absorbers, and influences the overall magnetic loss capability of the material through various mechanisms. In this study, carbonyl iron/graphene composite absorbers with different graphene contents were prepared using the solution blending method. An absorbing honeycomb structure was fabricated using aramid honeycomb as the substrate via an impregnation process. The complex permittivity and complex permeability of the materials were tested within the 2–18 GHz frequency band. The absorption capability and mechanism were comprehensively analyzed alongside the reflection loss curves. Furthermore, the influence of graphene on the magnetic loss capability of the dual-mechanism absorbing material was investigated through VSM tests. Research indicates that the content and distribution of graphene can enhance the dispersion of CIP. In addition to a significant improvement in dielectric loss, it also exerts an influence on magnetic loss through a synergistic mechanism.

Air layer-engineered Cf@void@SiCnf composites for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption

Enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption of La-doped Ba3Co2Fe24O41 Z-type hexaferrite with wide effective absorption bandwidth

ABSTRACT This study developed a novel multifunctional cable material by integrating the advantages of copper phosphide heterostructures loaded on graphite fibers (GF@Cu x P) and intumescent flame retardants (IFR). The EVA/GF@Cu x P/IFR composite exhibited an electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of 47.2 dB within the X‐band frequency range (8.2–12.4 GHz), primarily due to the formation of a three‐dimensional conductive network and various electromagnetic wave absorption mechanisms. Even at a high loading of 50%, EVA/GF@CuxP/IFR maintained a tensile strength of 8.81 MPa as well as an elongation at break of 159%, which was attributed to the improved interfacial compatibility due to the heterojunction structure. Furthermore, the integration of the hierarchical GF@CuxP heterojunction fiber significantly slowed down the thermal decomposition of the EVA matrix and increased char residue. The cone test revealed the peak heat release rate and peak carbon monoxide release of EVA/GF@CuxP/IFR achieved 75.1% and 51.1% attenuation compared to neat EVA. Additionally, the material showed a notable decrease in the emission of toxic gases, highlighting its superior fire safety characteristics. Importantly, this work presents a promising strategy for designing smart cable materials that simultaneously offer EMI shielding and fireproof capabilities.

Surface magnetic regulation in carbon microsphere induced by melamine to boost electromagnetic wave absorption

Trimetallic composition optimization in FeCoMn-based MOF-derived composites for broadband electromagnetic wave absorption

Synergistic improvement of dielectric and magnetic losses in the H-g-C3N4/FeCo@CNT toward electromagnetic wave absorption

Hollow porous high-entropy metal oxides enhanced synergistic loss with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption

Lightweight and flexible CNFs/FeCo composite Nanofibrous Membranes: Fabrication and High-Efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption

Designing 3D hierarchical assembled Co/CNT structures through in-situ growth of carbon nanotube arrays on coral-like Co for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption