Accelerating Climate Action to Promote Reproductive Health: Why? Who? How?

A sustainable production of ammonia using waste biomass is a new milestone to a low-carbon bioeconomy that is circular. This paper defines an integrated Aspen Plus model which integrates the steam gasification of paper mill sludge and municipal solid waste and the Haber-Bosch process to generate carbon-neutral green ammonia. The synthesis of thermochemical conversion and catalytic synthesis was optimized systematically by altering paper mill sludge feed ratio (20:80, 60:40, and 40:60 wt%), steam toward municipal solid waste ratio and pressures in the synthesis. The highest hydrogen yield (H 2 = 0.4572) and heating value (7.82 MJ/Nm 3 ) was obtained in the 60:40 blend at 800 °C and S/B = 0.025, whereas the highest NH 3 mole fraction in the solution (0.9493) was obtained under 40:60 blend at 500 °C and 250 bar. The addition of cryogenic CO 2 removal and water gas shift optimization greatly improved the purification of hydrogen and total carbon capture. The innovation of the work consists in the combined modelling structure that converts heterogeneous waste flows into a closed-loop, low-emission system of ammonia production, which has two advantages in the value of waste and the synthesis of renewable fertilizers. The results present an upscale able and ecologically friendly pathway to next-generation production of ammonia, between circular waste management and green chemical production.

Supercritical water gasification of plastic waste for hydrogen production: A review

Synergistic effects of biomass/plastics and multi-step regulation of H2O in the co-production of H2-CNTs by gasification of biomass and plastic wastes

Enrichment of mesophilic and thermophilic mixed microbial cultures for syngas biomethanation in bubble column bioreactors under continuous operation.

Food waste gasification integrated with electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide for advanced hydrogen production: Energy, techno-economic, and environmental analyses

Optimizing energy supply superstructure for plastic waste gasification systems: minimizing life cycle environmental impacts with AI models

Syngas production through forest waste gasification and prediction of its species using advanced novel metaheuristic driven hybrid machine learning algorithms

Efficient peroxymonosulfate activation by CoOOH immobilized on porous graphitized carbon toward volatile organic compounds degradation: Radical and non-radical pathways.

The IoT and GSM Enabled Sanitation Management System is designed to automate and enhance sanitation monitoring using modern embedded technology. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller as its central control unit, interfaced with multiple sensors such as gas, IR, and ultrasonic sensors. These sensors continuously monitor environmental conditions such as gas leakage, human detection, and waste bin level. When abnormal conditions are detected, the system activates appropriate actuators like buzzers or pumps and sends alerts via GSM and IoT modules. The system operates on solar power, ensuring sustainability and continuous functionality even in remote areas. Real-time data visualization is provided through an LCD display and cloud connectivity, enabling remote monitoring and management of sanitation conditions

Purpose of research . The article provides a mathematical description of the heat transfer process during the combined utilization of low-potential waste heat and ventilation emissions in the channels of a multilayer plate heat exchanger. Methods . In order to describe the operation of a combined exhaust gas and ventilation emissions disposal system, a mathematical model has been developed that takes into account the distribution of air flows in the channels of a plate heat recovery unit during the utilization of low-potential heat transferred by the air mass and heat transfer through a flat multilayer wall with integrated semiconductor Peltier elements. Based on this method, a methodology has been developed for the development and design of highly efficient and economical low-potential heat recovery systems with associated generation of thermoelectricity. Results . A mathematical model has been developed describing the operation of a combined waste gas and ventilation emissions disposal system, including flow distribution in the channels of a plate heat recovery unit, heat recovery using Peltier thermoelectric elements and their effects on heat transfer through a flat multilayer wall, which will further create a design methodology for highly efficient and economical heat recovery systems, optimize heat and mass transfer processes., to conduct numerical experiments with an assessment of economic efficiency. Conclusion . In order to increase the efficiency of waste gas low-potential heat recovery systems and ventilation emissions, a mathematical model has been created that includes the distribution of air flows in the interplate space of the heat exchanger, the process of heat transfer through a flat multilayer wall with mounted flat semiconductor Peltier elements.

Abstract Hydrogen is traditionally regarded as a cornerstone in the path to a sustainable energy economy. However, there are substantial differences in the inclusion of environmental and health effects across the hydrogen production pathways, due to different feedstocks, technologies, and byproduct emissions. This review compares the ecological footprints of renewable and non‐renewable hydrogen production methods. It assesses spatial and temporal variations in greenhouse gas emissions, resource consumption, and waste generation, as well as occupational and community health risks. Comparisons are made, among other things, of emerging production technologies, such as green hydrogen via electrolysis and turquoise hydrogen derived from pyrolysis of methane, with alternatives such as steam methane reforming (SMR) and coal gasification. It suggests integrating advanced safety protocols, lifecycle assessments, and policy interventions in the technology deployment of cleaner hydrogen technologies. The importance of how hydrogen is produced, managed, and regulated is critical to the fuel's sustainability, and the study concludes that, despite its promise as a clean fuel, hydrogen holds only limited promise if it is not produced with sufficient safeguards and oversight.

Impact of Turbulence on Combustion Performance in Non-Assist Waste Gas Flares

ABSTRACT Biomass waste gasification is widely recognized as a sustainable and efficient method for converting organic waste into valuable energy, making it a focal point in global research. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis of publications related to this field, focusing on articles indexed in the Elsevier Scopus database from 1977 to 2023 using search terms “biomass waste,” “biomass residue,” “waste biomass,” and “gasification”. Initially, 981 articles were identified, with subsequent refined analyses narrowing the focus to 592 publications, using VOSviewer for in‐depth examination. The analysis revealed that the year 2023 saw the highest publication count with 73 articles, followed by the year 2022 and the year 2020, with 61 and 54 articles, respectively. China, the USA, and India emerged as the leading contributors, accounting for 9.68%, 7.07%, and 6.75% of the total publications, respectively. Top institutions by citations are the University of Saskatchewan (259), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (169), and Paul Scherrer Institut (113). The most prolific researchers in the field include Gulyurtlu, I., Cabrita, I., and Dalai, Ajay K., with citation counts of 1296, 1290, and 1020, respectively. The journals Energy , Fuel , and Energies were identified as authors' most preferred publishing choice with 26, 23, and 22 publications, respectively. The keywords “Gasification,” “Biomass,” and “Syngas” were the most frequently occurring, with 194, 147, and 52 occurrences. Keyword analysis also revealed five thematic clusters. These findings offer a detailed overview of the research landscape in biomass waste gasification, emphasizing key contributors, emerging trends, and thematic areas, providing valuable insights for guiding future research in this domain.

To handle waste gas from nuclear fuel reprocessing, the precise design and preparation of materials exhibiting high-efficiency organic iodide capture performance are still facing huge challenges owing to the severe lack of efficient affinity sites. Herein, we selected an indium-based metal-organic framework, SHF-61, as a precursor and successfully obtained functionalized material, Post-SHF-61, with an azo bond by the diazo coupling reaction between aniline and the amino group of SHF-61. As a result, the conjugation and electron density of the organic component in SHF-61 were significantly enhanced. Static organic iodide adsorption experiments indicated that the CH3I and C2H5I adsorption capacities of 1545 and 848 mg/g for Post-SHF-61 were obviously higher than that of 591 and 271 mg/g for SHF-61 at 75 °C under the same condition. Additionally, the CH3I and C2H5I adsorption mechanisms of SHF-61 and Post-SHF-61 and the possible presence of iodide species in these aforementioned materials were further determined in detail. This study provides some beneficial guides for the development of metal-organic framework-based materials with high organic iodide adsorption capacity.

THE RELEVANCE. The issues of efficient use of fuel and energy resources in the Russian industry remain extremely important, which is confirmed by the adoption of a number of legislative and regulatory documents at the federal and regional levels. Historically, the structure of energy complexes of enterprises, including production using oil systems, was formed in conditions of low energy prices, which led to insufficient energy efficiency of technological processes. In this regard, the modernization of existing components, in particular, oil heating systems, using modern methods of technological modeling, becomes an urgent task. THE PURPOSE. The study of oil heating unit in order to optimize its thermal regime, reduce energy losses and develop measures to improve energy efficiency using technological modeling tools is the purpose of this study. METHODS. To achieve the set objectives the following methods were used: system analysis of thermal and technological processes, mathematical and computer modeling of heat exchange in the oil heating unit, methods of energy-technological combination to identify energy saving reserves. RESULTS. Within the framework of the research there were carried out: analysis of heat losses in the oil heating unit, modeling of heat flows taking into account changes in viscosity and heat capacity of oil, evaluation of efficiency of heat exchange equipment and identification of “bottlenecks”. Proposed solutions: introduction of an additional heat exchanger for waste gas heat recovery, optimization of heating modes by means of automation of temperature parameters control, use of recuperative schemes to increase system efficiency. CONCLUSION. Implementation of the proposed measures will result in savings of up to 6.55 million rubles per year. Application of technological modeling tools in modernization of oil heating unit allows to optimize thermal processes, reduce energy losses and increase economic efficiency of production. Implementation of the proposed solutions will provide significant energy savings with a relatively short payback period. The implementation of this project will contribute to the digital transformation of heat transfer processes and energy efficiency in the petrochemical industry through the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. This corresponds to the key directions of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation, including the transition to intelligent production systems, big data processing and the introduction of automated control methods. Thus, the proposed approach opens up new opportunities for the digitalization of petrochemical industries, increasing their efficiency, environmental friendliness and competitiveness in accordance with the priorities of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation.

This study evaluates the environmental sustainability of hydrogen production from high-calorific mixed waste gasification through a Gate-to-Gate (GtG) Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based on operational data from a 2 TPD pilot plant. The Global Warming Potential (GWP) was calculated to be 9.80 kg CO2-eq per kg of H2 produced. A contribution analysis identified the primary environmental hotspots as external electricity consumption (37.0%), chelated iron production for syngas cleaning (19.5%), externally supplied oxygen 18.6%), and plant construction (12.3%). A comparative analysis, contextualized within South Korea’s energy structure, demonstrates this GWP is competitive with regionally contextualized Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) and lower than coal gasification. Furthermore, a scenario analysis based on national energy policies reveals a clear pathway for GWP reduction. Aligning with the 2030 renewable energy target (20% RE share) reduces the GWP to 9.14 kg CO2-eq, while a full transition to 100% wind power lowers it to 6.27 kg CO2-eq. These findings establish this Waste-to-Hydrogen (WtH) technology as a promising transitional solution that simultaneously valorizes problematic waste. This research provides a critical empirical benchmark for the technology’s commercialization and establishes an internationally transferable framework. It confirms that the technology’s ultimate environmental sustainability is intrinsically linked to the decarbonization of the local electricity grid.

This study converted low-concentration methane into active metal-loaded graphene using a CuCl2-NiCl2/NaCl molten salt system, achieving a 42.68% rate and 4.58 mg min-1 yield. It enabled efficient electrocatalysis in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), linking waste gas conversion to high-performance material production for sustainable energy.

Buildings exert substantial pressure on global resources and contribute significantly to waste and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. With ambitious targets like Austria’s aim for climate neutrality before 2050, assessing the large-scale potential of circular economy strategies is essential for policymaking. However, previous studies at the national level lack details about building components and materials. Using an integrated material flow analysis and prospective life cycle assessment model, three measures are assessed for reducing the embodied GHG emissions of Austria’s building stock by 2050: extending building lifespans through renovation, reusing components and recycling materials. Renovation offers the most robust potential, consistently reducing cumulative embodied GHG emissions by 13–15% across all future scenarios. Component reuse provides a more modest 5–8% reduction, with its effectiveness limited by a material mismatch between existing and future buildings, especially under alternative construction scenarios. The potential of recycling is highly variable (3–10%), performing best with a decarbonised energy mix but showing minimal benefit if future construction shifts to low-impact materials. Further work is needed to analyse potential trade-offs from these strategies, such as the impact of lifespan extension or component reuse on the energy efficiency of buildings. Policy relevance Clear guidance is provided to policymakers for reducing embodied GHG emissions in the building sector. Building on the European Union’s energy-focused renovation wave, the results call for a complementary ‘preservation-driven’ renovation effort. Extending the lifespan of existing buildings proves the most reliable circular economy strategy for reducing embodied emissions, delivering consistent benefits across future scenarios. Policy incentives should therefore go beyond improving energy efficiency to also preserve and adapt buildings that are economically underperforming or lack aesthetic appeal. Such measures would establish both energy- and preservation-driven renovation as the foundation of Austria’s path to a climate-neutral building stock, supported by component reuse and material recycling to maximise overall reductions. The insights gained can inform similar efforts in other countries with mature building stocks.

The main objective of this study is to reduce steam consumption in sugar plant, the reduce of steam consumption means reduce bagass consumption as fuel. The target of this process to divert this steam for generated electrical power shared with national net. The gain from this process is manufacturing sugar from cane with less cost depending on the by-product benefit and increase the profitability. Heat integration is a subdivision of a wider field of process integration, which is an efficient approach that allows industries to increase their profitability through reduction in energy, water and raw materials consumption, reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and waste generation. Heat integration analysis principally the data which given and matches cold and hot process streams, then stream data extraction after determine temp approach (ΔTmin), when running of Heat Integration Net (HINT) technology software, generation of temp interval and cascade diagram ,Composite curve and construction of heat exchanger were appearing. The result of this study was, heat energy integration of Assalaia Sugar factory was carried out using pinch technology with HINT software. The minimum approach temperature of 20°C was used and the pinch point was found to be 120, 100°C for both hot and cold streams respectively. The hot utility requirements for the Company before (traditional) and after pinch analysis approach were found to be 1800 kW and the number of heat exchangers minimum 14 and installed are 3 and remaining is 12 heat exchangers. The important recommendation of this study was, the boiling of sugar in process house is under vacuum, that means in different of pressure and less temp of steam made boiling this process and maintain the sugar from the losses.